梳理selenium的鼠标方法

梳理selenium的鼠标方法

你需要有一定的selenium基础

基本用法

• 包导入

   from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains

• 调用方式一:链式调用

   ActionChains(driver).动作1.动作2.perform()

• 调用方式二:分步执行

   myaction = ActionChains(driver)
   myaction.动作1
   myaction.动作2
   myaction.perform()

所有鼠标方法

鼠标方法	参数	说明
click★★	on_element=None	点击
click_and_hold★	on_element=None	点击并按住
context_click★	on_element=None	右键
double_click★	on_element=None	双击
drag_and_drop★★	source, target	拖拽
drag_and_drop_by_offset★	source, xoffset, yoffset	拖拽(依据偏移量)
key_down★	value, element=None	按下某个键
key_up★	value, element=None	抬起某个键
move_by_offset★	xoffset, yoffset	移动(依据偏移量)
move_to_element★★	to_element	移动到元素
move_to_element_with_offset	to_element, xoffset, yoffset	移动到元素(依据偏移量)
pause	seconds	暂停
perform★★★	无参数	执行
release★	on_element=None	释放
reset_actions	无参数	重置动作
scroll	x: int, y: int, delta_x: int, delta_y: int, duration: int = 0, origin: str = "viewport"	滚动(废弃)
scroll_by_amount	delta_x: int, delta_y: int	通过给定的偏差滚动
scroll_from_origin	scroll_origin: ScrollOrigin, delta_x: int, delta_y: int	通过给定的原始位置+偏差滚动
scroll_to_element	element	滚动到元素
send_keys★	*keys_to_send	发送按键
send_keys_to_element★	element, *keys_to_send	发送按键到元素

实例部分

实例:click、context_click、double_click

• 体验3个方法的作用

 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 from selenium import webdriver
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://sahitest.com/demo/clicks.htm')
 ele_click = driver.find_element('css selector', "input[value='click me']")
 ele_dblclick = driver.find_element('css selector', "input[value='dbl click me']")
 ele_rightclick = driver.find_element('css selector', "input[value='right click me']")
 ActionChains(driver).click(ele_click).perform()
 ActionChains(driver).double_click(ele_dblclick).perform()
 ActionChains(driver).context_click(ele_rightclick).perform() 

• 双击全选的一个案例

 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 from selenium import webdriver
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://106.14.1.150:8090/forum.php')
 ele_username = driver.find_element('css selector', "#ls_username")
 ele_username.send_keys('admin')
 ActionChains(driver).double_click(ele_username).perform()

实例:drag_and_drop和底层实现click_and_hold和release

 from time import sleep
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 from selenium import webdriver
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://sahitest.com/demo/dragDropMooTools.htm')
 ele_drag = driver.find_element('css selector', '#dragger')
 ele_items = driver.find_elements('css selector', '.item')
 for ele_item in ele_items:
     ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(ele_drag, ele_item).perform()
     sleep(1)

• 底层实现

 from time import sleep
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 from selenium import webdriver
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://sahitest.com/demo/dragDropMooTools.htm')
 ele_drag = driver.find_element('css selector', '#dragger')
 ele_items = driver.find_elements('css selector', '.item')
 for ele_item in ele_items:
     myaction = ActionChains(driver)
     myaction.click_and_hold(ele_drag)  # 点击并按住
     myaction.release(ele_item)  # 松开按键
     myaction.perform()
     sleep(1)

实例:move_to_element实现悬停

 from selenium import webdriver
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 ​
 from time import sleep
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 ​
 driver.get('http://106.14.1.150:8090/forum.php')
 # 1. 鼠标移动到快捷导航元素
 ele_navi = driver.find_element('css selector','#qmenu')
 ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(ele_navi).perform()
 ​

实例:move_by_offset实现坐标点击

 from selenium import webdriver
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://106.14.1.150:8090/forum.php')
 ele_username = driver.find_element('css selector','#ls_username')
 x= ele_username.location['x']
 y= ele_username.location['y']
 ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=x,yoffset=y).click().perform()

实例:drag_and_drop_by_offset实现滚动条拖动

 from selenium import webdriver
 from time import sleep
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.maximize_window()
 driver.execute_cdp_cmd("Page.addScriptToEvaluateOnNewDocument", {
         "source": """Object.defineProperty(navigator, 'webdriver', {get: () => undefined})""",
     })  #让浏览器感知不到是自动化软件在动作
 driver.get('http://vip.ytesting.com/loginController.do?login')
 ​
 driver.find_element('css selector','#userName').send_keys('松勤VIP账号')
 ​
 driver.find_element('css selector','#password').send_keys('松勤VIP账号的密码')
 ​
 ele_huakuai = driver.find_element('css selector','#nc_1_n1z')
 ​
 ​
 ele_gundongtiao = driver.find_element('css selector','#nc_1__scale_text')
 ​
 distance = ele_gundongtiao.rect['width'] - ele_huakuai.rect['width']
 ​
 ​
 ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop_by_offset(ele_huakuai,xoffset=distance,yoffset=0).perform()
 ​
 sleep(2)
 driver.find_element('css selector','#but_login').click()

实例:send_keys、send_keys_to_element、key_down和key_up

 from selenium import webdriver
 from time import sleep
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 driver.get('http://106.14.1.150:8090/forum.php')
 ele_username = driver.find_element('id','ls_username')
 ActionChains(driver).send_keys_to_element(ele_username,'ad').perform()
 ActionChains(driver).click(ele_username).send_keys('mi').perform()
 ActionChains(driver).click(ele_username).key_down('n').key_up('n').perform()