cygwin 扩展

1.使用setup，然后一路安装到select package，选择需要的包即可，然后一路next。

2.setup.exe -q -P 包名, 详细用法如下：

Command Line Options:
 -A --disable-buggy-antivirus           Disable known or suspected buggy anti
                    virus software packages during execution.
 -C --categories                        Specify entire categories to install
 -D --download                          Download from internet
 -d --no-desktop                        Disable creation of desktop shortcut
 -h --help                              print help
 -K --pubkey                            Path to extra public key file (gpg format)
 -L --local-install                     Install from local directory
 -l --local-package-dir                 Local package directory
 -n --no-shortcuts                      Disable creation of desktop and start menu
                    shortcuts
 -N --no-startmenu                      Disable creation of start menu shortcut
 -O --only-site                         Ignore all sites except for -s
 -P --packages                          Specify packages to install
 -p --proxy                             HTTP/FTP proxy (host:port)
 -q --quiet-mode                        Unattended setup mode
 -r --no-replaceonreboot                Disable replacing in-use files on next
                    reboot.
 -R --root                              Root installation directory
 -S --sexpr-pubkey                      Extra public key in s-expr format
 -s --site                              Download site
 -U --keep-untrusted-keys               Use untrusted keys and retain all
 -u --untrusted-keys                    Use untrusted keys from last-extrakeys
 -X --no-verify                         Don't verify setup.ini signatures

3.在cygwin上安装wget

4.在cygwin上安装apt-cyg（https://www.fir3net.com/UNIX/Linux/cygwin-package-installation.html）

（1）使用cygwin-setup下载并安装必要的工具：

C:\Windows\System32>C:\Users\admin\Downloads\setup.exe -q -P wget,tar,qawk,bzip2,subversion,vim

（2）下载并安装apt-cyg

$ svn --force export http://apt-cyg.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ /bin/
$ chmod +x /bin/apt-cyg

（3）apt-cyg语法　

"apt-cyg install <package names>" to install packages
"apt-cyg remove <package names>" to remove packages
"apt-cyg update" to update setup.ini
"apt-cyg show" to show installed packages
"apt-cyg find <pattern(s)>" to find packages matching patterns
"apt-cyg describe <pattern(s)>" to describe packages matching patterns
"apt-cyg packageof <commands or files>" to locate parent packages

(4) 举例

$ apt-cyg install rsync
 Working directory is /setup
 Mirror is ftp://mirror.mcs.anl.gov/pub/cygwin
 --2011-05-09 06:44:24-- ftp://mirror.mcs.anl.gov/pub/cygwin/setup.bz2
 => `.listing'
 Resolving mirror.mcs.anl.gov (mirror.mcs.anl.gov)... 2620:0:dc0:1800:214:4fff:fe7d:1b9, 146.137.96.15, 146.137.96.7
 Connecting to mirror.mcs.anl.gov (mirror.mcs.anl.gov)|2620:0:dc0:1800:214:4fff:fe7d:1b9|:21... failed: Connection timed out.
 Connecting to mirror.mcs.anl.gov (mirror.mcs.anl.gov)|146.137.96.15|:21... connected.

 !! Output Omitted !! 

 2011-05-09 06:45:16 (131 KB/s) - `rsync-3.0.8-1.tar.bz2' saved [272248]

 Unpacking...
 Package rsync requires the following packages, installing:
 libgcc1 libiconv2 libpopt0 cygwin
 Package libgcc1 is already installed, skipping
 Package libiconv2 is already installed, skipping
 Package libpopt0 is already installed, skipping
 Package cygwin is already installed, skipping
 Package rsync installed

5.查找包是否存在：cygcheck

Usage: cygcheck [-v] [-h] PROGRAM
       cygcheck -c [-d] [PACKAGE]
       cygcheck -s [-r] [-v] [-h]
       cygcheck -k
       cygcheck -f FILE [FILE]...
       cygcheck -l [PACKAGE]...
       cygcheck -p REGEXP
       cygcheck --delete-orphaned-installation-keys
       cygcheck --enable-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
       cygcheck --disable-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
       cygcheck --show-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
       cygcheck -h

List system information, check installed packages, or query package database.

At least one command option or a PROGRAM is required, as shown above.

  PROGRAM              list library (DLL) dependencies of PROGRAM
  -c, --check-setup    show installed version of PACKAGE and verify integrity
                       (or for all installed packages if none specified)
  -d, --dump-only      just list packages, do not verify (with -c)
  -s, --sysinfo        produce diagnostic system information (implies -c -d)
  -r, --registry       also scan registry for Cygwin settings (with -s)
  -k, --keycheck       perform a keyboard check session (must be run from a
                       plain console only, not from a pty/rxvt/xterm)
  -f, --find-package   find the package to which FILE belongs
  -l, --list-package   list contents of PACKAGE (or all packages if none given)
  -p, --package-query  search for REGEXP in the entire cygwin.com package
                       repository (requires internet connectivity)
  --delete-orphaned-installation-keys
                       Delete installation keys of old, now unused
                       installations from the registry.  Requires the right
                       to change the registry.
  --enable-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
  --disable-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
  --show-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
                       Enable, disable, or show the setting of the
                       \"unique object names\" setting in the Cygwin DLL
                       given as argument to this option.  The DLL path must
                       be given as valid Windows(!) path.
                       See the users guide for more information.
                       If you don't know what this means, don't change it.
  -v, --verbose        produce more verbose output
  -h, --help           annotate output with explanatory comments when given
                       with another command, otherwise print this help
  -V, --version        print the version of cygcheck and exit

Note: -c, -f, and -l only report on packages that are currently installed. To
  search all official Cygwin packages use -p instead.  The -p REGEXP matches
  package names, descriptions, and names of files/paths within all packages.

6. 官方帮助地址：

https://cygwin.com/faq.html#faq.setup

https://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/using-utils.html#cygcheck