CentOS6.5搭建MySQL5.1主从复制

环境：

mysql> select version();
+------------+
| version()  |
+------------+
| 5.1.73-log |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

　　

[root@10-4-14-168 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

　　

1：已经事先购买了两台云主机

10.4.14.168      101.69.178.208 [联通] Master

10.4.5.9         101.69.178.219 [联通] Slave

2：分别安装MySQL

 
#yum install mysql-server –enablerepo=remi
 
#yum install mysql-devel

3：查看MySQL安装情况

[root@10-4-14-168 ~]#  rpm -qa | grep mysql*

mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64

4：启动MySQL

service mysqld start

5：登陆MySQL并且修改密码并且删除空用户

mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET password = PASSWORD('ge0513.mysql')
    -> WHERE user = 'root';
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 3  Changed: 3  Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT user,host,password FROM mysql.user;
+------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host        | password                                  |
+------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost   | *7AE39BE5035D5C32361400FF7DEDD757AA76896A |
| root | 10-4-14-168 | *7AE39BE5035D5C32361400FF7DEDD757AA76896A |
| root | 127.0.0.1   | *7AE39BE5035D5C32361400FF7DEDD757AA76896A |
|      | localhost   |                                           |
|      | 10-4-14-168 |                                           |
+------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> DROP user ''@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> DROP user ''@'10-4-14-168';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

6 ：主库需改配置文件，在/etc/my.cnf中添加

port = 3306
log_bin = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-binlog
server-id = 1 //只要主从不一样就行
binlog_do_db = test//要做同步的数据库名字，可以是多个数据库，之间用分号分割。

　　从库的配置文件中添加

server-id = 2
master-host = 10.4.14.168
master-user = gechong
master-password = gechong
master-port = 3306
master-connect-retry = 5
replicate-do-db = test

　　分别重启服务，登陆数据库。

7：主库上创建复制用户

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO gechong@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'gechong';

8：在主库上执行

mysql> show master status;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File          | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| binlog.000003 |      412 |              |                  |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

从库上执行

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 10.4.14.168
                  Master_User: gechong
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 5
              Master_Log_File: mysql-binlog.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 325
               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 473
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-binlog.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: test
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 325
              Relay_Log_Space: 629
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

可以看到：Slave_IO_Running | Slave_SQL_Running两个值都是YES，说明配置成功了。可以在主库的test库里执行DML或者DDL验证下。

如果同步不成功：

1：停掉从库
mysql> slave stop
2：主库上找到日志和位置
mysql> show master status;
3：手动同步
mysql> change master to
> master_host='master_ip',
> master_user='gechong',
> master_password='gechong',
> master_port=3306,
> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000020',
> master_log_pos=135617781;
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
4：启动从库
mysql> slave start;
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

　　

如果有异常需要跳过：

>slave stop;
>SET GLOBAL sql_slave_skip_counter = 1;
>slave start;

　　

主从搭建一般步骤：