hdu 1026 Ignatius and the Princess I【优先队列+BFS】
链接:
Ignatius and the Princess I
Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 10006 Accepted Submission(s): 3004
Special Judge
1.Ignatius can only move in four directions(up, down, left, right), one step per second. A step is defined as follow: if current position is (x,y), after a step, Ignatius can only stand on (x-1,y), (x+1,y), (x,y-1) or (x,y+1).
2.The array is marked with some characters and numbers. We define them like this:
. : The place where Ignatius can walk on.
X : The place is a trap, Ignatius should not walk on it.
n : Here is a monster with n HP(1<=n<=9), if Ignatius walk on it, it takes him n seconds to kill the monster.
Your task is to give out the path which costs minimum seconds for Ignatius to reach target position. You may assume that the start position and the target position will never be a trap, and there will never be a monster at the start position.
.XX.1.
..X.2.
2...X.
...XX.
XXXXX.
5 6
.XX.1.
..X.2.
2...X.
...XX.
XXXXX1
5 6
.XX...
..XX1.
2...X.
...XX.
XXXXX.
1s:(0,0)->(1,0)
2s:(1,0)->(1,1)
3s:(1,1)->(2,1)
4s:(2,1)->(2,2)
5s:(2,2)->(2,3)
6s:(2,3)->(1,3)
7s:(1,3)->(1,4)
8s:FIGHT AT (1,4)
9s:FIGHT AT (1,4)
10s:(1,4)->(1,5)
11s:(1,5)->(2,5)
12s:(2,5)->(3,5)
13s:(3,5)->(4,5)
FINISH
It takes 14 seconds to reach the target position, let me show you the way.
1s:(0,0)->(1,0)
2s:(1,0)->(1,1)
3s:(1,1)->(2,1)
4s:(2,1)->(2,2)
5s:(2,2)->(2,3)
6s:(2,3)->(1,3)
7s:(1,3)->(1,4)
8s:FIGHT AT (1,4)
9s:FIGHT AT (1,4)
10s:(1,4)->(1,5)
11s:(1,5)->(2,5)
12s:(2,5)->(3,5)
13s:(3,5)->(4,5)
14s:FIGHT AT (4,5)
FINISH
God please help our poor hero.
FINISH
题意:
给你一个 N*M 的图, 要你从第一个点走到最后一个点【从左上角走到右下角】
只可以按照上下左右四个方向走
. : 代表可以走
X : 表示是墙,不可以走
n : 代表这里有一个怪兽,打败怪兽用时 n
每走一步耗时 1 .
如果能到达,则输出最小时间和每一步的走法
不能到达输出。。。
具体输出看样例。
注意:保证起点没有怪兽,终点不是墙。【也就是说终点可能有怪兽】
算法:优先队列+BFS 【本质Dijkstra】
思路:
//定义优先队列:对于入队了的点,先出队的是时间少的,那么第一个到达终点的就是结果
struct Node{
int x,y; //当前到达的点
int time; //耗费的时间 bool operator < (const Node &b) const{
return b.time < time;
}
};
关于优先队列的重载一直不是很清楚。。。
code:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<queue>
#include<algorithm>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std; const int maxn = 110;
const int INF = maxn*maxn*10; int map[maxn][maxn]; //记录图
int vis[maxn][maxn]; //标记入队
char str[maxn];
int n,m; int dir[4][2] = {0,1, 0,-1, -1,0, 1,0}; //定义优先队列:对于入队了的点,先出队的是时间少的,那么第一个到达终点的就是结果
struct Node{
int x,y; //当前到达的点
int time; //耗费的时间 bool operator < (const Node &b) const{
return b.time < time;
}
}; //每一个点的前驱, 由于是逆向搜索的, 所以记录的其实是当前点的下一个点了
struct Pre{
int px, py;
}pre[maxn][maxn]; void bfs()
{
Node now, next;
priority_queue<Node> q;
while(!q.empty()) q.pop(); now.x = n; now.y = m; //从终点走向起点
now.time = map[n][m]; //注意:终点也可能会有怪兽
pre[n][m].px = -1; //输出边界
q.push(now); memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis)); //为方便快速输出路径, 从终点往起点找
vis[n][m] = 1; //标记终点入队 while(!q.empty())
{
now = q.top(); q.pop(); if(now.x == 1 && now.y == 1) //一旦到达起点
{
printf("It takes %d seconds to reach the target position, let me show you the way.\n", now.time);
int time = 1;
int x = now.x, y = now.y; //当前的位置
int nx = pre[x][y].px, ny = pre[x][y].py; //下一个位置
while(pre[x][y].px != -1) //不停的找前驱
{
printf("%ds:(%d,%d)->(%d,%d)\n", time++, x-1, y-1, nx-1, ny-1);
while(map[nx][ny]--) //如果有怪兽
{
printf("%ds:FIGHT AT (%d,%d)\n", time++, nx-1, ny-1);
}
x = nx; y = ny; //继续查找下一个点
nx = pre[x][y].px, ny = pre[x][y].py;
}
printf("FINISH\n");
return; //结束
} for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
next.x = now.x+dir[i][0];
next.y = now.y+dir[i][1]; if(map[next.x][next.y] >= 0 && !vis[next.x][next.y]) //当前点可以走,并且没有入队过
{
vis[next.x][next.y] = 1; //标记入队 next.time = now.time + 1 + map[next.x][next.y];
pre[next.x][next.y].px = now.x; //前驱记录
pre[next.x][next.y].py = now.y; q.push(next);
}
}
} printf("God please help our poor hero.\n"); //不能到达
printf("FINISH\n");
return;
} int main()
{
while(scanf("%d%d", &n,&m) != EOF)
{
gets(str);
for(int i = 0; i <= n+1; i++) //周围加边
for(int j = 0; j <= m+1; j++)
map[i][j] = -1; char c;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) //输出的时候注意 -1 处理下
{
for(int j = 1; j <= m; j++)
{
scanf("%c", &c);
if(c != 'X')
{
if(c == '.') map[i][j] = 0;
else map[i][j] = c-'0';
}
}
gets(str);
} bfs();
}
return 0;
}
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