能动手绝不多说：开源评论系统 remark42 上手指南

前言

写博客嘛，

谁不喜欢自己倒腾一下呢。

从自建系统到 Github Page，

从 Jekyll 到 Hexo，

年轻的时候谁不喜欢多折腾折腾呢。

年纪稍稍长了一下之后，最后我自己还是选了 Hexo 直接做静态博客生成，

结合一下 Gitlab CI 推代码之后自动构建之后更新到自己的服务器了。

后来又基于“多说”直接支持了博客内容评论，

再后来，多说倒下了，评论功能就一直没有维护了。

前阵子因为某些需求，对市面上部分评论系统做了一次调研，

这时候发现其实大家都做了好多轮子了，近期空出来了终于可以再玩玩了。

开源评论系统调研

调研前提：

开源，协议友好，可商用
项目代码“正常”（实在不太想看 Ruby/PHP），维护积极
部署简单，二开方便

下面直接扔了上次的调研结果出来。

vkuznecovas/mouthful

Mouthful is a self-hosted alternative to Disqus https://mouthful.dizzy.zone/
Golang 编写，支持 MySQL、PG、SQLIte，支持评论审核
维护状态：2018 年之后没看到更新了

Features
Multiple database support(sqlite, mysql, postgres, dynamodb)
Moderation with an administration panel
Server side caching to prevent excessive database calls
Rate limiting
Honeypot feature, to prevent bots from posting comments
Migrations from existing commenting engines(isso, disqus)
Configuration - most of the features can be turned on or off, as well as customized to your preferences.
Admin login through third parties such as facebook and twitter, and 35 more.
Dumping comments out, and importing an old dump.

schn4ck/schnack

Simple self-hosted node app for Disqus-like drop-in commenting on static websites https://schnack.cool/
Node js 编写, SQLite, 没看到其他数据库的支持
维护状态：最后一次更新是 15 个月前

Features
Tiny! It takes only ~8 KB!!! to embed Schnack.
Open source and self-hosted.
Ad-free and Tracking-free. Schnack will not disturb your users.
It's simpy to moderate, with a minimal and slick UI to allow/reject comments or trust/block users.
webpush protocol to notify the site owner about new comments awaiting for moderation.
Third party providers for authentication like Github, Twitter, Google and Facebook. Users are not required to register a new account on your system and you don't need to manage a user management system.

adtac/commento

A fast, bloat-free comments platform (Github mirror) https://commento.io
golang 编写，支持 PG
维护状态：两个月还在更新，支持本地部署
https://docs.commento.io/

What features does Commento have?

Commento comes with a lot of useful features out-of-the-box: rich text support, upvotes and downvotes, automatic spam detection, moderation tools, sticky comments, thread locking, OAuth login, email notifications, and more!

posativ/isso

a Disqus alternative https://posativ.org/isso/
Python，SQLIte，引入了 ORM 组件但是暂时没看到其他数据库的支持
Admin panel to moderate comments
维护状态：活跃，几天前还在更新

Isso – Ich schrei sonst – is a lightweight commenting server written in Python and JavaScript. It aims to be a drop-in replacement for Disqus.

umputun/remark42

comment engine https://remark42.com
Golang + SQLIte + 支持 Admin
维护状态：活跃，几天前还在更新

Remark42 is a self-hosted, lightweight, and simple (yet functional) comment engine, which doesn't spy on users. It can be embedded into blogs, articles or any other place where readers add comments.
Social login via Google, Twitter, Facebook, GitHub and Yandex
Login via email
Optional anonymous access
Multi-level nested comments with both tree and plain presentations
Import from Disqus and WordPress
Markdown support with friendly formatter toolbar
Moderator can remove comments and block users
Voting, pinning and verification system
Sortable comments
Images upload with drag-and-drop
Extractor for recent comments, cross-post
RSS for all comments and each post
Telegram and email notifications
Export data to json with automatic backups
No external databases, everything embedded in a single data file
Fully dockerized and can be deployed in a single command
Self-contained executable can be deployed directly to Linux, Windows and MacOS
Clean, lightweight and customizable UI with white and dark themes
Multi-site mode from a single instance
Integration with automatic ssl (direct and via nginx-le)
Privacy focused

jacobwb/hashover

Free and Open Source PHP Comment System http://tildehash.com/?page=hashover
PHP
维护状态：九个月前

开始实践

调研搞完之后，停了一阵子，最近把项目扔给同事做进一步 demo 搭建，

同事花了点时候搭了一下 demo 和看了代码，最后在 commento 和 remark42 中“犹豫了”

最后比较了代码结构和二次开发成本，选择了 remark42

所以，我这边最后也使用 remark42 直接搭了自己的评论系统。

开始“搞事”

remark42

由于文档写得实在太好了，部署也没遇到什么奇怪问题，

部署服务端这一步真的跳过了，有奇怪的问题需要的朋友自行提问吧。

Hexo next 集成 remark42

这一段是需要写写的。

看完了文档的朋友应该知道，

在某个页面集成评论只需要加下面这些代码。

页面插入 script

<script>

  var remark_config = {

    host: "REMARK_URL", // hostname of remark server, same as REMARK_URL in backend config, e.g. "https://demo.remark42.com"

    site_id: "YOUR_SITE_ID",

    components: ["embed"], // optional param; which components to load. default to ["embed"]

    // to load all components define components as ['embed', 'last-comments', 'counter']

    // available component are:

    //     - 'embed': basic comments widget

    //     - 'last-comments': last comments widget, see `Last Comments` section below

    //     - 'counter': counter widget, see `Counter` section below

    url: "PAGE_URL", // optional param; if it isn't defined

    // `window.location.origin + window.location.pathname` will be used,

    //

    // Note that if you use query parameters as significant part of url

    // (the one that actually changes content on page)

    // you will have to configure url manually to keep query params, as

    // `window.location.origin + window.location.pathname` doesn't contain query params and

    // hash. For example default url for `https://example/com/example-post?id=1#hash`

    // would be `https://example/com/example-post`.

    //

    // The problem with query params is that they often contain useless params added by

    // various trackers (utm params) and doesn't have defined order, so Remark treats differently

    // all this examples:

    // https://example.com/?postid=1&date=2007-02-11

    // https://example.com/?date=2007-02-11&postid=1

    // https://example.com/?date=2007-02-11&postid=1&utm_source=google

    //

    // If you deal with query parameters make sure you pass only significant part of it

    // in well defined order

    max_shown_comments: 10, // optional param; if it isn't defined default value (15) will be used

    theme: "dark", // optional param; if it isn't defined default value ('light') will be used

    page_title: "Moving to Remark42", // optional param; if it isn't defined `document.title` will be used

    locale: "en", // set up locale and language, if it isn't defined default value ('en') will be used

  };

  (function (c) {

    for (var i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {

      var d = document,

        s = d.createElement("script");

      s.src = remark_config.host + "/web/" + c[i] + ".js";

      s.defer = true;

      (d.head || d.body).appendChild(s);

    }

  })(remark_config.components || ["embed"]);

</script>

页面插入评论框

<div id="remark42"></div>

那么问题来了，在 hexo 的 next 主题里面怎么做呢？

答案是：肯定是抄代码啊！！！

hexo next 主题

首先知道（鬼知道啊），next 主题一般在项目 themes/next 路径，

themes/next/layout 这个文件夹存放了布局文件，其中_layout.swig 是一个重要的全局布局文件。

所以，明显是修改_layout.swig 引入上面的 script 代码啦。

看了一眼_layout.swig 的代码, 底部基本是 include 引入同级的 swig 文件。

  {% include '_scripts/boostrap.swig' %}

  {% include 'remark42.swig' %}

  {% include '_third-party/comments/index.swig' %}

  {% include '_third-party/search/index.swig' %}

明显，我们也可以加一个 swig，然后在上面引入一下。

新建 remark42.swig，贴入 script 代码



<script>

  var remark_config = {

    host: "你部署的remark42 服务", // hostname of remark server, same as REMARK_URL in backend config, e.g. "https://demo.remark42.com"

    site_id: '你的站点Id,部署的时候指定的',

    components: ['embed'], // optional param; which components to load. default to ["embed"]

                           // to load all components define components as ['embed', 'last-comments', 'counter']

                           // available component are:

                           //     - 'embed': basic comments widget

                           //     - 'last-comments': last comments widget, see `Last Comments` section below

                           //     - 'counter': counter widget, see `Counter` section below

    url: window.location.origin + window.location.pathname, // optional param; if it isn't defined

                     // `window.location.origin + window.location.pathname` will be used,

                     //

                     // Note that if you use query parameters as significant part of url

                     // (the one that actually changes content on page)

                     // you will have to configure url manually to keep query params, as

                     // `window.location.origin + window.location.pathname` doesn't contain query params and

                     // hash. For example default url for `https://example/com/example-post?id=1#hash`

                     // would be `https://example/com/example-post`.

                     //

                     // The problem with query params is that they often contain useless params added by

                     // various trackers (utm params) and doesn't have defined order, so Remark treats differently

                     // all this examples:

                     // https://example.com/?postid=1&date=2007-02-11

                     // https://example.com/?date=2007-02-11&postid=1

                     // https://example.com/?date=2007-02-11&postid=1&utm_source=google

                     //

                     // If you deal with query parameters make sure you pass only significant part of it

                     // in well defined order

    max_shown_comments: 10, // optional param; if it isn't defined default value (15) will be used

    theme: 'dark', // optional param; if it isn't defined default value ('light') will be used

    page_title: 'Moving to Remark42', // optional param; if it isn't defined `document.title` will be used

    locale: 'en' // set up locale and language, if it isn't defined default value ('en') will be used

  };

  (function(c) {

    for(var i = 0; i < c.length; i++){

      var d = document, s = d.createElement('script');

      s.src = remark_config.host + '/web/' +c[i] +'.js';

      s.defer = true;

      (d.head || d.body).appendChild(s);

    }

  })(remark_config.components || ['embed']);

</script>

layout.swig 添加 remark42.swig 引用

  {% include '_scripts/boostrap.swig' %}

  {% include 'remark42.swig' %}

  {% include '_third-party/comments/index.swig' %}

  {% include '_third-party/search/index.swig' %}

搞完这个，全局脚本引用已经搞掂了。

下面就是每个文章页面需要新增 remark42 评论框了

明显，应该是 post.swig

观察一下 themes/next/layout 目录不难发现，

每个文章的的样式模板都在 post.swig，

明显评论框也应该直接在 post.swig。

打开一看，感觉应该加在

下面

于是：

<div id="posts" class="posts-expand">

  {{ post_template.render(page) }}

  <div class="post-spread">

    {% if theme.jiathis %} {% include '_partials/share/jiathis.swig' %} {%

    elseif theme.baidushare %} {% include '_partials/share/baidushare.swig' %}

    {% elseif theme.add_this_id %} {% include '_partials/share/add-this.swig' %}

    {% elseif theme.duoshuo_shortname and theme.duoshuo_share %} {% include

    '_partials/share/duoshuo_share.swig' %} {% endif %}

  </div>

  <div id="remark42"></div>

</div>

完事...

最后效果

欢迎评论来玩！！