SpringBoot安全管理--（二）基于数据库的认证

简介：

　　上篇文章向读者介绍的认证数据都是定义在内存中的，在真实项目中，用户的基本信息以及角色等都存储在数据库中，因此需要从数据库中获取数据进行认证。

开始：

首先建表并且插入数据：

pom.xml

   <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

创建实体类：

public class User implements UserDetails {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Boolean enabled;
    private Boolean locked;
    private List<Role> roles;
　　
//获取当前用户对象所具有的所有角色信息
    @Override
    public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
        List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Role role : roles) {
            authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(role.getName()));
        }
        return authorities;
    }
//获取当前对象密码
    @Override
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
//获取当前对象用户名
    @Override
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
//判断账户是否过期
    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }
//判断账户是否被锁
    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
        return !locked;
    }
//当前账户密码是否过期
    @Override
    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }
//判断当前账户是否可用
    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return enabled;
    }
    //省略getter/setter

}

public class Role {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String nameZh;
    //省略getter/setter

}

Service:

　　定义UserService实现UserDetailsService接口，并实现该接口中的loadUserByUsemame方法，该方法的参数就是用户登录时输入的用户名，通过用户名去数据库中查找用户，如果没有查找到用户，就抛出一个账户不存在的异常，如果查找到了用户，就继续查找该用户所具有的角色信息，并将获取到的user对象返回，再由系统提供DaoAuthenticationProvider 类去比对密码是否正确。

@Service
public class UserService implements UserDetailsService {
    @Autowired
    UserMapper userMapper;
    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        User user = userMapper.loadUserByUsername(username);
        if (user == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("账户不存在!");
        }
        user.setRoles(userMapper.getUserRolesByUid(user.getId()));
        return user;
    }
}

Mapper:

@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
    User loadUserByUsername(String username);
    List<Role> getUserRolesByUid(Integer id);
}

<mapper namespace="org.sang.security02.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="loadUserByUsername" resultType="org.sang.security02.model.User">
        select * from user where username=#{username}
    </select>
    <select id="getUserRolesByUid" resultType="org.sang.security02.model.Role">
        select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.rid and ur.uid=#{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

配置SpringSecurity

角色继承：

　在上面定义了三种角色，但是这三种角色之间不具备任何关系，一般来说角色之间是有关系的，例如ROLE admin -般既具有admin的权限，又具有user的权限。那么如何配置

这种角色继承关系呢?在Spring Security 中只需要开发者提供一-个RoleHierarchy即可。

　　以上面的案例为例，假设ROLE_dba是终极大Boss,具有所有的权限，ROLE_admin具有ROLE _user 的权限，ROL_user 则是一个公共角色，即ROLE_admin继承ROLE_user、 ROLE_dba继承ROLE_ admin, 要描述这种继承关系，只需要开发者在Spring Security 的配置类中提供一个RoleHierarchy即可，代码如下:

@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    UserService userService;
    @Bean
    RoleHierarchy roleHierarchy() {
        RoleHierarchyImpl roleHierarchy = new RoleHierarchyImpl();
        String hierarchy = "ROLE_dba > ROLE_admin ROLE_admin > ROLE_user";
        roleHierarchy.setHierarchy(hierarchy);
        return roleHierarchy;
    }
    @Bean
    PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userService);　　　　　　//没有将用户存在内存中，而是从数据库中取出来
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .withObjectPostProcessor(new ObjectPostProcessor<FilterSecurityInterceptor>() {
                    @Override
                    public <O extends FilterSecurityInterceptor> O postProcess(O object) {
                        object.setSecurityMetadataSource(cfisms());
                        object.setAccessDecisionManager(cadm());
                        return object;
                    }
                })
                .and()
                .formLogin()
                .loginProcessingUrl("/login").permitAll()
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();
    }
    @Bean
    CustomFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource cfisms() {
        return new CustomFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource();
    }
    @Bean
    CustomAccessDecisionManager cadm() {
        return new CustomAccessDecisionManager();
    }
}

Controller:

@RestController
public class HelloController {
    @GetMapping("/admin/hello")
    public String admin() {
        return "hello admin";
    }
    @GetMapping("/db/hello")
    public String dba() {
        return "hello dba";
    }
    @GetMapping("/user/hello")
    public String user() {
        return "hello user";
    }
}