DataGuard实战1

DataGuard实战1

-------------------------------------------2013/10/27

一.Primary数据库的配置及操作

1. 确定主库处于归档日志模式。

  SQL> archive log list;

2. 将主库设置成force logging模式。

  SQL> alter database force logging;

3. 创建standby数据库控制文件。

  SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as ‘/u01/august01.ctl’;

  --一定要生成standby的控制文件，不能直接用主库的控制文件。不然会抱错，提示该控制文件不是一个standby控制文件。

4. 修改primary数据库的参数文件。

例如：[Oracle@localhost dbs]$ cat initaugust.ora

august.__db_cache_size=92274688

august.__java_pool_size=4194304

august.__large_pool_size=4194304

august.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment

august.__pga_aggregate_target=146800640

august.__sga_target=276824064

august.__shared_io_pool_size=0

august.__shared_pool_size=163577856

august.__streams_pool_size=4194304

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/august/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'

*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/august/control02.ctl'#Restore Controlfile

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_name='august'

*.db_unique_name=augustpri

*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(augustpri,augustdg)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=augustpri'
--这里是本地存放日志的地方

*.log_archive_dest_2='service=augustdg lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=augustdg'

--这是设置将日志传给standby数据库，service和db_unique_name设置为备库的。

*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable

*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable

*.remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive

*.fal_server=augustdg

*.fal_client=augustpri

*.standby_file_management=auto

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4039114752

*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=augustXDB)'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'

*.memory_target=420478976

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

5. 关闭数据库，重新由pfile生成新的spfile

 SQL>  shutdown immediate;

 SQL>  create spfile from pfile; /  SQL>  create spfile from pfile=’/**/**/init_name.ora’;

6.  使用rman备份数据库，并传输到目标数据库。

 RMAN> backup database include current controlfile for standby plus archivelog;

*7.  创建standby log文件。

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup mount;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile

group 4 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/fost/std_redo04.log') size 50m,

group 5 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/fost/std_redo05.log') size 50m,

group 6 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/fost/std_redo06.log') size 50m,

group 7 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/fost/std_redo07.log') size 50m;

SQL> alter database open;

 
8. 将数据库密码文件传输到standby数据库，如果之前有，而且密码一致就可以不传输。

二. Standby数据库的配置及操作。

1. 将primary数据库的参数文件拷贝到standby数据库，或者直接手动修改。

例如：[Oracle@localhost dbs]$ cat initaugust.ora

august.__db_cache_size=79691776

august.__java_pool_size=4194304

august.__large_pool_size=4194304

august.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment

august.__pga_aggregate_target=159383552

august.__sga_target=264241152

august.__shared_io_pool_size=0

august.__shared_pool_size=163577856

august.__streams_pool_size=4194304

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/august/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'

*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/august/control02.ctl'#Restore Controlfile

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_name='august'

*.db_unique_name=augustdg

*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(augustpri,augustdg)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=augustdg'

--这里应该是接受到主库传输的日志归档后的地方。

*.log_archive_dest_2='service=augustpri lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=augustpri'

--这里设置为将日志传给Primary库的配置，其中service和db_unique_name都应该设置Primary数据对应的值。

*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable

*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable

*.remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive

*.fal_server=augustpri

*.fal_client=augustdg

*.standby_file_management=auto

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4039114752

*.db_unique_name='AUGUSTDG'

*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=augustXDB)'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'

*.memory_target=420478976

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

2. 利用此参数文件启动实例到nomount下，并生成spfile文件。

RMAN> startup nomount;

RMAN> sql 'create spfile from pfile';

3. 将Primary生成的standby控制文件，复制到standby数据库中对应的目录中。

4. 根据参数文件，创建相应的目录，然后利用rman备份数据restore并恢复数据库。

5. 在数据库mount状态下，打开recover模式。

SQL> alter database recover managend standby database disconnect from session;

*5。在standby数据库中创建standby log文件。

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile

group 4 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/fost/std_redo04.log') size 50m,

group 5 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/fost/std_redo05.log') size 50m,

group 6 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/fost/std_redo06.log') size 50m,

group 7 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/fost/std_redo07.log') size 50m;

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup mount;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

至此DataGuard搭建成功！

三. 相关设置

1. 查看Primary数据库角色及保护模式。

SQL> select database_role,protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE PROTECTION_LEVEL

‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐

PRIMARY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE

2. 修改为最大可用性模式并验证。

SQL> alter database set standby database to maximize availability;

Database altered.

SQL> select database_role,protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE PROTECTION_LEVEL

‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐

PRIMARY MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY RESYNCHRONIZATION

注意：如果发现dataguard 搭建后，日志并没有传输到备机，没有同步。那么通过视图v$arch_dest查看错误信息

select dest_id,error from v$arch_dest;

也可以通过trace file查看详细错误信息。 

 
相关链接：
http://www.5ienet.com/note/html/dg/physical-standby-created-step.shtml
http://www.5ienet.com/note/html/dg/physical-standby-created-script.shtml
http://www.5ienet.com/note/html/dg/physical-standby-role-switch.shtml