Docker 安装与卸载

Docker卸载与安装

卸载旧的版本

卸载

yum -y remove docker-ce docker-cli-io containerd.io
rm -rf var /var/lib/docker
sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

安装 yum-utils 包

安装yum-utils包（提供yum-config-manager实用程序）并设置稳定的存储库。

 sudo yum install -y yum-utils

[root@localhost ~]#  sudo yum install -y yum-utils
已加载插件：fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
软件包 yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch 已安装并且是最新版本
无须任何处理

设置存储库

鉴于国内网络问题，强烈建议使用国内源

sudo yum-config-manager \
   --add-repo \
    https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

官方源

sudo yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum-config-manager \
>     --add-repo \
>     https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
已加载插件：fastestmirror, product-id, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

adding repo from: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

安装 docker

安装 docker

sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

[root@localhost ~]#  yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
已加载插件：fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 containerd.io.x86_64.0.1.4.9-3.1.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 docker-ce.x86_64.3.20.10.7-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 docker-ce-rootless-extras，它被软件包 3:docker-ce-20.10.7-3.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 docker-ce-cli.x86_64.1.20.10.7-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 docker-scan-plugin(x86-64)，它被软件包 1:docker-ce-cli-20.10.7-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 docker-ce-rootless-extras.x86_64.0.20.10.7-3.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 docker-scan-plugin.x86_64.0.0.8.0-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
……省略

启动 docker

 sudo systemctl start docker

查看 docker 状态

 sudo systemctl status docker

测试 docker

通过运行hello world映像验证Docker引擎是否已正确安装。如下说明安装成功

[root@localhost ~]# docker run  hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
b8dfde127a29: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:df5f5184104426b65967e016ff2ac0bfcd44ad7899ca3bbcf8e44e4461491a9e
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

开机自启

systemctl enable docker

镜像加速器

• 阿里云加速器(点击管理控制台 -> 登录账号(淘宝账号) -> 右侧镜像工具 -> 镜像加速器 -> 复制加速器地址)
• 网易云加速器 https://hub-mirror.c.163.com
• 百度云加速器 https://mirror.baidubce.com
• 中国科技大学 https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
• ustc https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
• Docker中国区官方镜像 https://registry.docker-cn.com

请首先执行以下命令，查看是否在 docker.service 文件中配置过镜像地址。

systemctl cat docker | grep '\-\-registry\-mirror'

如果该命令有输出，那么请执行 $ systemctl cat docker 查看 ExecStart= 出现的位置，修改对应的文件内容去掉 --registry-mirror 参数及其值，并按接下来的步骤进行配置。

如果以上命令没有任何输出，那么就可以在 /etc/docker/daemon.json 中写入如下内容（如果文件不存在请新建该文件）：

{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
    "https://mirror.baidubce.com"
  ]
}

注意，一定要保证该文件符合 json 规范，否则 Docker 将不能启动。

重启 docker 服务

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

参考文档

Docker 官方 CentOS 安装文档。

https://yeasy.gitbook.io/docker_practice/install/centos