Android进阶(十六)子线程调用Toast报Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare() 错误
原子线程调用Toast报Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare() 错误
今天用子线程调Toast报了一个Can't create handler inside thread that has not calledLooper.prepare()错误。
因为toast的实现需要在activity的主线程才能正常工作,所以传统的非主线程不能使toast显示在actvity上,通过Handler可以使自定义线程运行于Ui主线程。
前几次碰到这个问题,确实郁闷了很久... log -- java.lang.RuntimeException: Can't create handler inside thread that has not calledLooper.prepare()
解决办法很简单:
Looper.prepare();
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "test", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Looper.loop();
为什么要加这两句,看了源码就了解了
Toast
public void show() {
...
service.enqueueToast(pkg, tn, mDuration); //把这个toast插入到一个队列里面
...
}
Looper
public static final void prepare() {
if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");
}
sThreadLocal.set(new Looper()); //在当前线程中创建一个Looper
}
private Looper() {
mQueue = new MessageQueue(); //关键在这,创建Looper都干了什么。 其实是创建了消息队列
mRun = true;
mThread = Thread.currentThread();
}
一般如果不是在主线程中又开启了新线程的话,一般都会碰到这个问题。
原因是在创建新线程的时候默认情况下不会去创建新的MessageQueue。
总结下:Toast 显示的必要条件:
1:Toast 显示需要出现在一个线程的消息队列中.... 很隐蔽
Android中HandlerThread类的解释
Android应用中的消息循环由Looper和Handler配合完成,Looper类用于封装消息循环,类中有个MessageQueue消息队列;Handler类封装了消息投递和消息处理等功能。
系统默认情况下只有主线程(即UI线程)绑定Looper对象,因此在主线程中可以直接创建Handler的实例,但是在子线程中就不能直接new出Handler的实例了,因为子线程默认并没有Looper对象,此时会抛出RuntimeException异常:
浏览下Handler的默认构造函数就一目了然了:
·如果需要在子线程中使用Handler类,首先需要创建Looper类实例,这时可以通过Looper.prepare()和Looper.loop()函数来实现的。阅读Framework层源码发现,Android为我们提供了一个HandlerThread类,该类继承Thread类,并使用上面两个函数创建Looper对象,而且使用wait/notifyAll解决了多线程中子线程1获取子线程2的Looper对象为空的问题。
Toast创建时需要创建一个Handler,但是这个Handler需要获得Looper的实例,而在子线程中是没有这个实例的,需要手动创建。
附Toast部分源码:
public Toast(Context context) {
mContext = context;
mTN = new TN();
mTN.mY = context.getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(
com.android.internal.R.dimen.toast_y_offset);
}
private static class TN extends ITransientNotification.Stub {
……
final Handler mHandler = new Handler();
……
}
Handler源码:
/**
* Default constructor associates this handler with the queue for the
* current thread.
*
* If there isn't one, this handler won't be able to receive messages.
*/
public Handler() {
if (FIND_POTENTIAL_LEAKS) {
final Class<? extends Handler> klass = getClass();
if ((klass.isAnonymousClass() || klass.isMemberClass() || klass.isLocalClass()) &&
(klass.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0) {
Log.w(TAG, "The following Handler class should be static or leaks might occur: " +
klass.getCanonicalName());
}
}
mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
if (mLooper == null) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()");
}
mQueue = mLooper.mQueue;
mCallback = null;
}
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