A Statistical Model for Scientific Readability-paper
Authors:
Luo SiCarnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
Jamie CallanCarnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
Atlanta, Georgia, USA — October 05 - 10, 2001
ACM New York, NY, USA ©2001
数据不公开: educational Web pages ,A total of 91 Web pages。Pages were grouped into three readability levels: KindergartenGrade2, Grade3-Grade5, and Grade6-Grade8
monosyllable 单音节词
2. READABILITY METRICS
第一个是个初级中级学习者
第二个会比别的给的难度分更高
第三个用的更广
3. STATISTICAL LANGUAGE MODELS
线性模型广泛用于模型的组合,EM算法用来寻找最佳参数
线性插值公式来组合语言模型和句子长度模型:前者用ngram,后者考虑句长
1)unigram语言模型假设生成一个词的概率适合上下文无关的。虽然unigram模型在人类语言上效果不好,但是它们适合很多应用,有可以在小数据上训练的优点。
2)通过看某个特征的值是否和难度成正比或反比,来判断特征重要与否,最后得出句长特征很重要,公式法中单音节不适合该数据集;然后假设符合正态分布
4 实验
KF这种公式法只能得出最终属于哪个等级,但是我们的数据集并不含有这些等级。我们统计的方法可以给出概率这种soft metric。
-------------------------
N-Gram是基于一个假设:
第n个词出现与前n-1个词相关,而与其他任何词不相关。(这也是隐马尔可夫当中的假设。)整个句子出现的概率就等于各个词出现的概率乘积。各个词的概率可以通过语料中统计计算得到。假设句子T是有词序列w1,w2,w3...wn组成,用公式表示N-Gram语言模型如下:
P(T)=P(w1)*p(w2)*p(w3)...p(wn)=p(w1)*p(w2|w1)*p(w3|w1w2)...p(wn|w1w2w3...)
一般常用的N-Gram模型是Bi-Gram和Tri-Gram。分别用公式表示如下:
Bi-Gram:P(T)=p(w1|begin)*p(w2|w1)*p(w3|w2)...p(wn|wn-1)
Tri-Gram:P(T)=p(w1|begin1,begin2)*p(w2|w1,begin1)*p(w3|w2w1)...p(wn|wn-1,wn-2)
https://github.com/lijingpeng/kaggle/blob/master/competitions/Bag_of_Words/bags_of_words.ipynb 包含贝叶斯、回归分类
A Statistical Model for Scientific Readability-paper的更多相关文章
- machine learning model(algorithm model) .vs. statistical model
https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2015/07/difference-machine-learning-statistical-modeling/ http: ...
- Writing your first academic paper
Writing your first academic paper If you are working in academics (and you are if you are working wi ...
- The Model Complexity Myth
The Model Complexity Myth (or, Yes You Can Fit Models With More Parameters Than Data Points) An oft- ...
- A Statistical View of Deep Learning (II): Auto-encoders and Free Energy
A Statistical View of Deep Learning (II): Auto-encoders and Free Energy With the success of discrimi ...
- [转]NLP Tasks
Natural Language Processing Tasks and Selected References I've been working on several natural langu ...
- Targeted Learning R Packages for Causal Inference and Machine Learning(转)
Targeted learning methods build machine-learning-based estimators of parameters defined as features ...
- 【RNN】资源汇总
wesome Recurrent Neural Networks A curated list of resources dedicated to recurrent neural networks ...
- Lessons Learned from Developing a Data Product
Lessons Learned from Developing a Data Product For an assignment I was asked to develop a visual ‘da ...
- CVPR 2015 papers
CVPR2015 Papers震撼来袭! CVPR 2015的文章可以下载了,如果链接无法下载,可以在Google上通过搜索paper名字下载(友情提示:可以使用filetype:pdf命令). Go ...
随机推荐
- bzoj千题计划168:bzoj3513: [MUTC2013]idiots
http://www.lydsy.com/JudgeOnline/problem.php?id=3513 组成三角形的条件:a+b>c 其中,a<c,b<c 若已知 两条线段之和=i ...
- (转)A curated list of Artificial Intelligence (AI) courses, books, video lectures and papers
A curated list of Artificial Intelligence (AI) courses, books, video lectures and papers. Updated 20 ...
- jsp/servlet学习二之servlet详解
Servlet API概览 Servlet API有一下四个java包: 1,javax.servlet,其中包含定义servlet和servlet容器之间契约的类和接口. 2,javax.servl ...
- nodejs创建文件
var fs = require('fs'); fs.writeFile(path + "test.txt", "hello world!", function ...
- Rancher2.0中使用外置NFS存储部署Nginx实验
目录: 1.环境准备工作 1.1 准备好Rancher2.0集群环境 1.2 准备好外部NFS服务器 2.Rancher2.0中使用NFS存储的方法 2.1 在集群中创建持久卷(PV) 2.2 在项目 ...
- JxBrowser之二:常用函数addLoadListener
1.常用函数addLoadListener,包含对页面加载状态的多种监控回调. browser.addLoadListener(new LoadAdapter() { @Override public ...
- SQL SERVER 查看sql语句性能与执行时间
[方法一] set statistics profile on set statistics io on set statistics time on go --sql语句 go set statis ...
- .net代码修改webconfig
/// <summary> /// 写入web.config /// </summary> /// <param name="item">app ...
- Lua 语言变量
Lua 变量 变量在使用前,必须在代码中进行声明,即创建该变量.编译程序执行代码之前编译器需要知道如何给语句变量开辟存储区,用于存储变量的值. Lua 变量有三种类型:全局变量.局部变量.表中的域. ...
- SAP 多语言文本翻译
SAP自己的东西都是有语言包的,针对很多语言有是有对应文本的翻译,巴特,比较不是专业的翻译,多以很多时候还是有这样那样的文本描述需要调整. 语言包怎么打就不说了,也不知道,知道也没打过... 标准界面 ...