Sql 中常用时间处理函数

1.Sql 中常用时间处理函数 

GETDATE()  返回当前的日期和时间

DATEPART()  返回日期/时间的单独部分

DATEADD()   返回日期中添加或减去指定的时间间隔

DATEDIFF()  返回两个日期直接的时间

DATENAME()  返回指定日期的指定日期部分的整数

CONVERT()   返回不同格式的时间

2.一些常用的日期格式

select DATEDIFF(day, '2019-08-20', getDate());      --获取指定时间单位的差值
SELECT DATEADD(MINUTE,-5,GETDATE())                 --加减时间,此处为获取五分钟前的时间,MINUTE 表示分钟，可为 YEAR,MONTH,DAY,HOUR
select DATENAME(month, getDate());                  --当前月份
select DATENAME(WEEKDAY, getDate());                --当前星期几
select DATEPART(month, getDate());                  --当前月份
select DAY(getDate());                              --返回当前日期天数
select MONTH(getDate());                            --返回当前日期月数
select YEAR(getDate());                             --返回当前日期年数
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(16),GETDATE(),120)           --时间格式转化 获取精确到分的时间    2019-08-20 14:53
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(24),GETDATE(),102)           --2006.05.16
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),GETDATE(),114)           --15:31:39:227
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(16),GETDATE(),0)             --08 20 2019  3:02
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),GETDATE(),5)             --20-08-19
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(16),GETDATE(),11)            --19/08/20
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(16),GETDATE(),12)            --
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(22),GETDATE(),20)            --2019-08-20 15:06:04  若为16 则为精确到分
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(24),GETDATE(),21)            --2019-08-20 15:06:04.590

3.日期单位及其缩写

 

日期单位	缩写
year	yyyy 或yy
quarter	qq,q
month	mm,m
dayofyear	dy,y
day	dd,d
week	wk,ww
weekday	dw
Hour	hh
minute	mi,n
second	ss,s
millisecond	ms

declare @date datetime
set @date=GETDATE()
select datepart(year,@date)iYear,datepart(month,@date)iMonth,datepart(day,@date)iDay,datepart(quarter,@date)iDuarter, datepart(dayofyear,@date)iDayofyear,datepart(weekday,@date)iWeekday,
datepart(week,@date)iWeek,datepart(Hour,@date)iHour,datepart(minute,@date)iMinute,datepart(SECOND,@date)iSecond,datepart(millisecond,@date)iMillisecond

 --采用简写格式
declare @date datetime
set @date=GETDATE()
select  datepart(yyyy,@date)iYear,datepart(mm,@date)iMonth,datepart(d,@date)iDay,datepart(qq,@date)iDuarter, datepart(dy,@date)iDayofyear,datepart(dw,@date)iWeekday,
datepart(ww,@date)iWeek,datepart(hh,@date)iHour,datepart(mi,@date)iMinute,datepart(s,@date)iSecond,datepart(ms,@date)iMillisecon

 

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