smarty学习——内建函数（部分接上）

9.{foreach} {foreachelse}

格式如下：

{foreach $arrayvar as $itemvar}

{foreach $arrayvar as $keyvar=>$itemvar}

foreach 和for 的目的是相似的都是进行循环的数据操作，具有以下特性：

a.支持嵌入，就是我们可以在foreach 中继续使用foreach

b.通常使用的数据 $arrayvar  是数组类型的数据。

c.foreachelse 是当在数组中没有数据时执行。

d.{foreach} 内置一些属性  @index, @iteration, @first, @last, @show, @total.

e.里面可以包含{break} { continue}

如下例子：
简单例子：

<?php
$arr = array('red', 'green', 'blue');
$smarty->assign('myColors', $arr);
?>模板文件如下：

<ul>
{foreach $myColors as $color}
    <li>{$color}</li>
{/foreach}
</ul>

输出结果：

<ul>
    <li>red</li>
    <li>green</li>
    <li>blue</li>
</ul>

处理键值：

<?php
$people = array('fname' => 'John', 'lname' => 'Doe', 'email' => 'j.doe@example.com');
$smarty->assign('myPeople', $people);
?>

键值模板：

<ul>
{foreach $myPeople as $value}
   <li>{$value@key}: {$value}</li>
{/foreach}
</ul>

输出：

<ul>
    <li>fname: John</li>
    <li>lname: Doe</li>
    <li>email: j.doe@example.com</li>
</ul>

foreach 的嵌套：

<?php
 $smarty->assign('contacts', array(
                             array('phone' => '555-555-1234',
                                   'fax' => '555-555-5678',
                                   'cell' => '555-555-0357'),
                             array('phone' => '800-555-4444',
                                   'fax' => '800-555-3333',
                                   'cell' => '800-555-2222')
                             ));
?>

模板文件：

{* key always available as a property *}
{foreach $contacts as $contact}
  {foreach $contact as $value}
    {$value@key}: {$value}
  {/foreach}
{/foreach}

{* accessing key the PHP syntax alternate *}
{foreach $contacts as $contact}
  {foreach $contact as $key => $value}
    {$key}: {$value}
  {/foreach}
{/foreach}

输出

  phone: 555-555-1234
  fax: 555-555-5678
  cell: 555-555-0357
  phone: 800-555-4444
  fax: 800-555-3333
  cell: 800-555-2222

@index 的使用：

<table>
{foreach $items as $i}
  {if $i@index eq 3}
     {* put empty table row *}
     <tr><td>nbsp;</td></tr>
  {/if}
  <tr><td>{$i.label}</td></tr>
{/foreach}
</table>

{break}的使用：

  {$data = [1,2,3,4,5]}
  {foreach $data as $value}
    {if $value == 3}
      {* abort iterating the array *}
      {break}
    {/if}
    {$value}
  {/foreach}
  {*
    prints: 1 2
  *}

10. {if } {elseif} {else}

这几个语法比较常用：

这是使用的语法表格：

Qualifier	Alternates	Syntax Example	Meaning	PHP Equivalent
==	eq	$a eq $b	equals	==
!=	ne, neq	$a neq $b	not equals	!=
>	gt	$a gt $b	greater than	>
<	lt	$a lt $b	less than	<
>=	gte, ge	$a ge $b	greater than or equal	>=
<=	lte, le	$a le $b	less than or equal	<=
===		$a === 0	check for identity	===
!	not	not $a	negation (unary)	!
%	mod	$a mod $b	modulous	%
is [not] div by		$a is not div by 4	divisible by	$a % $b == 0
is [not] even		$a is not even	[not] an even number (unary)	$a % 2 == 0
is [not] even by		$a is not even by $b	grouping level [not] even	($a / $b) % 2 == 0
is [not] odd		$a is not odd	[not] an odd number (unary)	$a % 2 != 0
is [not] odd by		$a is not odd by $b	[not] an odd grouping	($a / $b) % 2 != 0

11 .include

include的语法表格：

Attribute Name	Type	Required	Default	Description
file	string	Yes	n/a	The name of the template file to include
assign	string	No	n/a	The name of the variable that the output of include will be assigned to
cache_lifetime	integer	No	n/a	Enable caching of this subtemplate with an individual cache lifetime
compile_id	string/integer	No	n/a	Compile this subtemplate with an individual compile_id
cache_id	string/integer	No	n/a	Enable caching of this subtemplate with an individual cache_id
scope	string	No	n/a	Define the scope of all in the subtemplate assigned variables: 'parent','root' or 'global'
[var ...]	[var type]	No	n/a	variable to pass local to template

可选的选项：

Name	Description
nocache	Disables caching of this subtemplate
caching	Enable caching of this subtemplate
inline	If set merge the compile code of the subtemplate into the compiled calling templat

12 .include_php

Attribute Name	Type	Required	Default	Description
file	string	Yes	n/a	The name of the php file to include as absolute path
once	boolean	No	TRUE	whether or not to include the php file more than once if included multiple times
assign	string	No	n/a	The name of the variable that the output of include_php will be assigned to

可选的:

Name	Description
nocache	Disables caching of inluded PHP script

13.{ldelim} {rdelim}

进行javascript 以及css 文件的添加：可以使用 {literal}{/literal}

简单例子：

<script language="JavaScript">
function foo() {ldelim}
    ... code ...
{rdelim}
</script>

14.{section},{sectionelse}
也是类似的进行循环操作的标签：

Attribute Name	Type	Required	Default	Description
name	string	Yes	n/a	The name of the section
loop	mixed	Yes	n/a	Value to determine the number of loop iterations
start	integer	No	0	The index position that the section will begin looping. If the value is negative, the start position is calculated from the end of the array. For example, if there are seven values in the loop array and start is -2, the start index is 5. Invalid values (values outside of the length of the loop array) are automatically truncated to the closest valid value.
step	integer	No	1	The step value that will be used to traverse the loop array. For example, step=2 will loop on index 0,2,4, etc. If step is negative, it will step through the array backwards.
max	integer	No	n/a	Sets the maximum number of times the section will loop.
show	boolean	No	TRUE	Determines whether or not to show this section

例子:

<?php
$data = array(
          array('name' => 'John Smith', 'home' => '555-555-5555',
                'cell' => '666-555-5555', 'email' => 'john@myexample.com'),
          array('name' => 'Jack Jones', 'home' => '777-555-5555',
                'cell' => '888-555-5555', 'email' => 'jack@myexample.com'),
          array('name' => 'Jane Munson', 'home' => '000-555-5555',
                'cell' => '123456', 'email' => 'jane@myexample.com')
        );
$smarty->assign('contacts',$data);
?>

模板文件：

{section name=customer loop=$contacts}
<p>
  name: {$contacts[customer].name}<br />
  home: {$contacts[customer].home}<br />
  cell: {$contacts[customer].cell}<br />
  e-mail: {$contacts[customer].email}
</p>
{/section}

输出：

<p>
  name: John Smith<br />
  home: 555-555-5555<br />
  cell: 666-555-5555<br />
  e-mail: john@myexample.com
</p>
<p>
  name: Jack Jones<br />
  home phone: 777-555-5555<br />
  cell phone: 888-555-5555<br />
  e-mail: jack@myexample.com
</p>
<p>
  name: Jane Munson<br />
  home phone: 000-555-5555<br />
  cell phone: 123456<br />
  e-mail: jane@myexample.com
</p>