GoldenGate单向复制配置示例

一：环境介绍

--source端
ip地址：192.168.123.10
数据库版本：11.2.0.1.0 32 bit
操作系统版本：centos 4.5 32 bit
ogg版本：fbo_ggs_Linux_x86_ora11g_32bit.tar

--target端
ip地址：192.168.123.11
数据库版本：11.2.0.1.0 32 bit
操作系统版本：centos 4.5 32 bit
ogg版本：fbo_ggs_Linux_x86_ora11g_32bit.tar

二：安装 GG 软件

2.1 安装GG
[root@oracle ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracle ~]$ ls
awrrpt_1_259_276.html  fbo_ggs_Linux_x86_ora11g_32bit.tar  oradiag_oracle
[oracle@oracle ~]$ mkdir /u01/GG
[oracle@oracle ~]$ tar -xvf fbo_ggs_Linux_x86_ora11g_32bit.tar -C /u01/GG  //将软件解压到/u01/GG

2.2 添加环境变量

在/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件里添加如下内容：
export PATH=/u01/GG:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u01/GG:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export GGATE=/u01/GG

注意:本实验的GG 和Oracle 使用的是相同的用户，所以把GG 的变量加上就可以了。加载刚刚设置的环境变量：

[oracle@oracle ~]$ source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

2.3 使用ggsci工具，创建必要的目录
[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/GG        //要在安装目录下登陆，否则可能报错
[oracle@oracle GG]$ ggsci

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle
Version 11.2.1.0.1 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.1_PLATFORMS_120423.0230_FBO
Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Apr 23 2012 08:09:25

Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 1> create subdirs

Creating subdirectories under current directory /u01/GG

Parameter files                /u01/GG/dirprm: already exists
Report files                   /u01/GG/dirrpt: created
Checkpoint files               /u01/GG/dirchk: created
Process status files           /u01/GG/dirpcs: created
SQL script files               /u01/GG/dirsql: created
Database definitions files     /u01/GG/dirdef: created
Extract data files             /u01/GG/dirdat: created
Temporary files                /u01/GG/dirtmp: created
Stdout files                   /u01/GG/dirout: created

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 2>

以上就是GG 的安装，在source 和target database 都执行

三：配置Source database

　　GoldenGate通过抓取源端数据库重做日志进行分析，将获取的数据应用到目标端，实现数据同步。因此，源数据库需要必须处于归档模式，并启用附加日志和强制日志。

3.1 归档模式、附加日志、强制日志
--查看
SQL> select log_mode,supplemental_log_data_min,force_logging from v$database;

LOG_MODE     SUPPLEME FOR
------------ -------- ---
ARCHIVELOG   NO       NO

SQL>

--修改
1）archivelog
SQL>shutdown immediate
SQL>startup mount
SQL>alter database archivelog;
SQL>alter database open;

2） force logging
SQL>alterdatabase force logging;

3）supplemental log data
SQL>alterdatabase add supplemental log data;

3.2 启用DDL 支持

3.2.1禁用Recycle Bin
如果启用DDL 支持，必须关闭recycle bin。
SQL> show parameter recyclebin

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
recyclebin                           string      on
SQL>

--11g（如果是10g，则需要重启）
SQL> alter system set recyclebin=off scope=spfile;

System altered.

3.2.2 创建存放DDL 信息的user并赋权
SQL> create user ggs identified by 123456;
SQL> grant connect,resource to ggs;
SQL> grant execute on utl_file to ggs;
SQL> 

3.2.3 用SYSDBA权限的用户执行如下脚本：
[oracle@oracle GG]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL>

-----脚本1
SQL> @/u01/GG/marker_setup.sql

Marker setup script

You will be prompted for the name of a schema for the Oracle GoldenGate database objects.
NOTE: The schema must be created prior to running this script.
NOTE: Stop all DDL replication before starting this installation.

Enter Oracle GoldenGate schema name:ggs  ---输入创建的用户

Marker setup table script complete, running verification script...
Please enter the name of a schema for the GoldenGate database objects:
Setting schema name to GGS

MARKER TABLE
-------------------------------
OK

MARKER SEQUENCE
-------------------------------
OK

Script complete.
SQL>

-----脚本2
SQL> @/u01/GG/ddl_setup.sql;

Oracle GoldenGate DDL Replication setup script

Verifying that current user has privileges to install DDL Replication...

You will be prompted for the name of a schema for the Oracle GoldenGate database objects.
NOTE: For an Oracle 10g source, the system recycle bin must be disabled. For Oracle 11g and later, it can be enabled.
NOTE: The schema must be created prior to running this script.
NOTE: Stop all DDL replication before starting this installation.

Enter Oracle GoldenGate schema name:ggs ---输入创建的用户

Working, please wait ...
Spooling to file ddl_setup_spool.txt

Checking for sessions that are holding locks on Oracle Golden Gate metadata tables ...

Check complete.

......................

STATUS OF DDL REPLICATION
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUCCESSFUL installation of DDL Replication software components

Script complete.
SQL> 

------脚本3
SQL> @/u01/GG/role_setup.sql;

GGS Role setup script

This script will drop and recreate the role GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE
To use a different role name, quit this script and then edit the params.sql script to change the gg_role parameter to the preferred name. (Do not run the script.)

You will be prompted for the name of a schema for the GoldenGate database objects.
NOTE: The schema must be created prior to running this script.
NOTE: Stop all DDL replication before starting this installation.

Enter GoldenGate schema name:ggs
Wrote file role_setup_set.txt

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Role setup script complete

Grant this role to each user assigned to the Extract, GGSCI, and Manager processes, by using the following SQL command:

GRANT GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE TO <loggedUser>

where <loggedUser> is the user assigned to the GoldenGate processes.
SQL> 

------脚本4：赋权
SQL> grant GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE to ggs;

------脚本5
SQL> @/u01/GG/ddl_enable.sql;

Trigger altered.

SQL> 

四:测试GG

4.1 在Source 和 Target database上创建测试用户

--source database
SQL> create user sender identified by 123456;

SQL> grant connect,resource,dba to sender;

SQL> 

--target database
SQL> create user receiver identified by 123456;   

SQL> grant connect,resource,dba to receiver;

SQL>

4.2 在Source 和Target 上配置Manager

--source
[oracle@oracle GG]$ cd /u01/GG    //此过程最好在安装目录下执行
[oracle@oracle GG]$ ggsci

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle
Version 11.2.1.0.1 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.1_PLATFORMS_120423.0230_FBO
Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Apr 23 2012 08:09:25

Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 2> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     STOPPED                                           

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 3> edit params mgr  //配置管理进程的端口号
PORT 7809

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 4> start manager

Manager started.

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 5> 

以上是在Source 库上执行的，在Target 库上执行同样的操作。

4.3 配置SourceDB 的复制队列

4.3.1 先连接到数据库，测试连接：
GGSCI (oracle.11g) 5> dblogin userid ggs, password 123456;
Successfully logged into database.

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 6>

4.3.2 添加一个抽取：
GGSCI (oracle.11g) 6> add extract ext1,tranlog, begin now
EXTRACT added.

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 7> add exttrail /u01/GG/dirdat/lt, extract ext1
EXTTRAIL added.

--修改ext1的参数
GGSCI (oracle.11g) 8> edit params ext1
extract ext1
userid ggs, password 123456
rmthost 192.168.0.11, mgrport 7809
rmttrail /u01/GG/dirdat/lt
ddl include mapped objname sender.*;
table sender.*;

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 10> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     RUNNING
EXTRACT     STOPPED     EXT1        00:00:01      00:04:23    

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 11> 

4.4 配置TargetDB 同步队列

4.4.1 创建用户ggt
SQL> create user ggt identified by 123456;
SQL> grant connect,resource,dba to ggt;
--要赋予dba权限，否则后期启动进程时会报：
--OCI Error describe for query (status = 942-ORA-00942: table or view does not exist),
--SQL<SELECT db.name, i.instance_name, i.version FROM v$database db, v$instance i>.
SQL> grant execute on utl_file to ggt;
SQL> 

4.4.2 在Target 端添加checkpoint表：
--添加参数文件./GLOBAL
GGSCI (oracle.11g) 4> edit params ./GLOBAL
GGSCHEMA ggs
CHECKPOINTTABLE ggt.checkpoint

--登陆
GGSCI (oracle.11g) 2> dblogin userid ggt , password 123456
Successfully logged into database.

--添加checkpoint表
GGSCI (oracle.11g) 3> add  checkpointtable  ggt.checkpoint

Successfully created checkpoint table ggt.checkpoint.

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 4>

4.4.3 创建同步队列
GGSCI (oracle.11g) 4> add replicat rep1,exttrail /u01/GG/dirdat/lt, checkpointtable ggt.checkpoint
REPLICAT added.

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 5> edit params rep1
replicat rep1
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
userid ggt , password 123456
discardfile /u01/GG/dirdat/rep1_discard.txt,append, megabytes 10
DDL
map sender.*, target receiver.*;

添加如上内容

4.5开启同步

4.5.1 Source DB：

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 14> start extract ext1

Sending START request to MANAGER ...
EXTRACT EXT1 starting

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 15> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     RUNNING
EXTRACT     RUNNING     EXT1        00:27:51      00:00:10    

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 16> 

4.5.2 Target DB

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 2> start replicat rep1

Sending START request to MANAGER ...
REPLICAT REP1 starting

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 3> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     RUNNING
REPLICAT    RUNNING     REP1        00:00:00      00:00:01    

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 4> 

五.验证

在Source DB上的sender 用户下创建一张表，然后看这张表是否同步到了Target DB的receiver用户下

--Source DB：
SQL> conn sender/123456;
Connected.
SQL> create table gg_test as select * from sys.all_users;

SQL> 

--Target DB：
SQL> conn receiver/123456;
Connected.
SQL> select count(*) from gg_test;

  COUNT(*)
----------
        41
SQL>

数据同步过来了，因为启用了DDL的支持，所以这里把表给复制过来了。

--在Source DB上在插入一些记录，在验证下GG的同步情况：

SQL> insert into gg_test select * from sys.all_users;
41 rows created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> 

--Target DB 验证：

SQL> select count(*) from gg_test;

  COUNT(*)
----------
        82

SQL> 

同步正常，以上就是Oracle to Oracle 下的一个GG 单向复制示例。