windows 远程桌面研究

最近因为一个监控相关的项目，深入研究了一下 windows 的 远程桌面的相关知识。

1. 如何让关闭了远程桌面连接的用户，对应的 session 立即退出 windows server。

大家使用 mstsc.exe 远程桌面登录windows server时，退出时，99.99%的人会直接关闭 mstsc.exe 窗口，而不会点击开始--->退出。导致的问题是，登录用户已经提出了，但是 query user 和 query session 时，发现退出的用户，在 windows server 中还是 Active/运行中 则状态。这样会白白占用一个sesion的资源，可能会导致，别人登录时，报 类似 “超过人数” 的错误。

解决办法：

注册表[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp],修改

MaxDisconnectionTime

将该值改为0x3e8(1000)，也就是1000毫秒(也就是1秒)，重启系统就ok。

Next look to the following key in the registry:

HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\Console

&

HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp

Look for fInheritresetBroken (make dword 0) 不继承客户端的设置

fInheritReconnectSame (make dword 0) 不继承客户端的设置--连接到以前的同一个session

fReconnectSame (make dword 0) 是否连接到以前的同一个session

fResetBroken (make dword 1)  是否断开连接之后，进行连接的重置，也即使 不使用以前的session，重新初始化一个新的session

If all those values are OK then we'll look at the MaxDisconnectionTime values under the Terminal Server Key. You'll need to expand each subskey and look for these two entries in EVERY key, it exists multiple times

fInheritMaxDisconnectionTime (make this dword 0 to disable Inherit) -- 不继承客户端的设置

&

MaxDisconnectionTime (1000毫秒，也就是在 rdp 连接 端口 1秒 之后，立即将 rdp session 从 windows server中踢掉。)

2. 限制一个用户仅仅能够同时连接一次

监控时，我们要实现，一个用户名，只能同时登录一次，也就是同一个用户名，在windows server中，只能有一个登录会话存在，解决办法：

设置注册表：

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\fSingleSessionPerUser  为 1. 启用一个用户只能有一个session的限制。

fSingleSessionPerUser: TRUE indicates each user can have only a single session; FALSE otherwise.

3. 限制/放开限制  rdp 连接的总数

默认时，有些版本的系统，最多仅仅只能运行两个 administor 和 一个 console 登录session的存在。

去掉该限制的方法：

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp\MaxInstanceCount

设置为 ffffffff。对 rdp session 的并发数量不进行限制。

MaxInstanceCount

Updated: March 28, 2003

Applies To: Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2003 R2, Windows Server 2003 with SP1, Windows Server 2003 with SP2

HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\Terminal Services

Description

Stores configuration data for the policy setting Limit number of connections. （限制 rdp 连接的数量）

Change Method

To change the value of this entry, use the Group Policy Object Editor (Gpedit.msc). The corresponding policy is located in Administrative Templates\Windows Components\Terminal Services.

https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc758332(v=ws.10).aspx

相关参考资料：

1）http://remotedesktoprdp.com/force-single-session-allow-multiple-sessions-per-user

Force a single session or allow multiple Remote Desktop sessions per user

Remote Desktop/Terminal Services has two settings for multiple sessions. You can either allow multiple sessions per user (in which case if you log in twice, you'll get two sessions), or force a single session per user (in which case you can only log in once and subsequent sessions will be redirectedto the original session.

To change this setting, you'll need to perform a registry change. The following steps describe the process:

1. Start Registry Editor (by default, this is located at c:\windows\regedit.exe).

2. Go to the following registry key:

   HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\
       System\CurrentControlSet\Control\TerminalServer

3. If the fSingleSessionPerUser value doesn't exist, create a new DWORD value named fSingleSessionPerUser
4. Open the fSingleSessionPerUser value. The possible values for this setting are as follows:

   0x0

   Allow multiple sessions per user

   0x1

   Force each user to a single session

5. Enter the new setting, and then click OK.

2）

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc248610.aspx

 

For a specific terminal server session, USERCONFIG indicates the user and session configuration.

 typedef struct _USERCONFIG {
   ULONG fInheritAutoLogon  :1;
   ULONG fInheritResetBroken  :1;
   ULONG fInheritReconnectSame  :1;
   ULONG fInheritInitialProgram  :1;
   ULONG fInheritCallback  :1;
   ULONG fInheritCallbackNumber  :1;
   ULONG fInheritShadow  :1;
   ULONG fInheritMaxSessionTime  :1;
   ULONG fInheritMaxDisconnectionTime  :1;
   ULONG fInheritMaxIdleTime  :1;
   ULONG fInheritAutoClient  :1;
   ULONG fInheritSecurity  :1;
   ULONG fPromptForPassword  :1;
   ULONG fResetBroken  :1;
   ULONG fReconnectSame  :1;
   ULONG fLogonDisabled  :1;
   ULONG fWallPaperDisabled  :1;
   ULONG fAutoClientDrives  :1;
   ULONG fAutoClientLpts  :1;
   ULONG fForceClientLptDef  :1;
   ULONG fRequireEncryption  :1;
   ULONG fDisableEncryption  :1;
   ULONG fUnused1  :1;
   ULONG fHomeDirectoryMapRoot  :1;
   ULONG fUseDefaultGina  :1;
   ULONG fCursorBlinkDisabled  :1;
   ULONG fPublishedApp  :1;
   ULONG fHideTitleBar  :1;
   ULONG fMaximize  :1;
   ULONG fDisableCpm  :1;
   ULONG fDisableCdm  :1;
   ULONG fDisableCcm  :1;
   ULONG fDisableLPT  :1;
   ULONG fDisableClip  :1;
   ULONG fDisableExe  :1;
   ULONG fDisableCam  :1;
   ULONG fDisableAutoReconnect  :1;
   ULONG ColorDepth  :3;
   ULONG fInheritColorDepth  :1;
   ULONG fErrorInvalidProfile  :1;
   ULONG fPasswordIsScPin  :1;
   ULONG fDisablePNPRedir  :1;
   WCHAR UserName[USERNAME_LENGTH + 1];
   WCHAR Domain[DOMAIN_LENGTH + 1];
   WCHAR Password[PASSWORD_LENGTH + 1];
   WCHAR WorkDirectory[DIRECTORY_LENGTH + 1];
   WCHAR InitialProgram[INITIALPROGRAM_LENGTH + 1];
   WCHAR CallbackNumber[CALLBACK_LENGTH + 1];
   CALLBACKCLASS Callback;
   SHADOWCLASS Shadow;
   ULONG MaxConnectionTime;
   ULONG MaxDisconnectionTime;
   ULONG MaxIdleTime;
   ULONG KeyboardLayout;
   BYTE MinEncryptionLevel;
   WCHAR NWLogonServer[NASIFILESERVER_LENGTH + 1];
   APPLICATIONNAME PublishedName;
   WCHAR WFProfilePath[DIRECTORY_LENGTH + 1];
   WCHAR WFHomeDir[DIRECTORY_LENGTH + 1];
   WCHAR WFHomeDirDrive[4];
 } USERCONFIG,
  *PUSERCONFIG;

fInheritAutoLogon: The prompt for the password setting. TRUE indicates the use of client-specified autologon settings, FALSE specifies the use of machine autologon settings.

fInheritResetBroken: Reset the session when the connection is broken. TRUE indicates the value to use for fResetBroken from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.

fInheritReconnectSame: Reconnect from the same client setting. TRUE indicates the value to use for fReconnectSame from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.

fInheritInitialProgram: The initial program setting. TRUE indicates the value to use for InitialProgram from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.

fInheritCallback: The callback setting. TRUE indicates the value to use for Callback from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.<63>

fInheritCallbackNumber: The callback number setting. TRUE indicates the value to use for CallbackNumber from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.<64>

fInheritShadow: The shadow setting. TRUE indicates the value to use for Shadow from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.

fInheritMaxSessionTime: The maximum allowed session connection time setting. TRUE indicates the value to use for MaxSessionTime from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.

fInheritMaxDisconnectionTime: The maximum allowed session disconnect time setting. TRUE indicates the value to use for MaxDisconnectionTime from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.

fInheritMaxIdleTime: The maximum allowed session idle time. TRUE indicates the value to use for MaxIdleTime from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.

fInheritAutoClient: The auto client setting. TRUE indicates the value to use for fAutoClientDrivers and fAutoClientLpts from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.

fInheritSecurity: Inherit security setting. TRUE indicates the use of security settings from the user properties if the machine/user policy is not set, FALSE otherwise.

fPromptForPassword: Set to TRUE to ignore the credential sent from the client and always prompt for a password, FALSE otherwise.

fResetBroken: Set to TRUE to log off the session when the idle timers for the session expire. Otherwise, the session will be disconnected when the timer expires.

fReconnectSame: FALSE indicates that the user can reconnect from any client computer to a disconnected session.

TRUE indicates that the user must reconnect to a disconnected session from the same client computer that initially established the disconnected session. Logging on from a different client computer will lead to a new terminal server session being created.

fLogonDisabled: TRUE indicates that a user cannot log on to a session remotely, FALSE otherwise.<65>

fWallPaperDisabled: TRUE indicates display of the desktop wallpaper in the session has been disabled, FALSE otherwise.

fAutoClientDrives: TRUE specifies to automatically redirect local drives on the client so they are accessible to the user in the remote terminal server session, FALSE otherwise.

fAutoClientLpts: TRUE specifies to automatically redirect printers on the client so they are accessible to the user in the remote terminal server session, FALSE otherwise.

fForceClientLptDef: TRUE indicates to force the client's redirected printer to be the default printer for the user, FALSE otherwise.

fRequireEncryption: TRUE indicates the connection must be encrypted, FALSE otherwise.

fDisableEncryption: TRUE indicates the connection does not need encryption, FALSE otherwise.

fUnused1: Not used.

fHomeDirectoryMapRoot: Not used.

fUseDefaultGina: TRUE indicates to override a third-party GINA so that only the default GINA is used for the terminal server session, FALSE otherwise.<66>

fCursorBlinkDisabled: TRUE indicates disable the blinking of the mouse cursor, FALSE otherwise.<67>

fPublishedApp: Not used.

fHideTitleBar: Not used.

fMaximize: Not used.

fDisableCpm: TRUE indicates disable client printer redirection, FALSE otherwise.

fDisableCdm: TRUE indicates disable client drive redirection, FALSE otherwise.

fDisableCcm: TRUE indicates disable client COM port redirection, FALSE otherwise.

fDisableLPT: TRUE indicates disable client printer (LPT) port redirection, FALSE otherwise.

fDisableClip: TRUE indicates disable client clipboard redirection, FALSE otherwise.

fDisableExe: TRUE indicates disable .exe file execution, FALSE otherwise.

fDisableCam: TRUE indicates disable client audio redirection, FALSE otherwise.

fDisableAutoReconnect: TRUE indicates disable auto-reconnect functionality, FALSE otherwise.<68>

ColorDepth: The color depth of the session.<69>

fInheritColorDepth: Set to TRUE to inherit color depth from the user or client configuration, FALSE otherwise.<70>

fErrorInvalidProfile: Set to TRUE if WFProfilePath, WFHomeDir, or WFHomeDirDrive is invalid (too long), FALSE otherwise.<71>

fPasswordIsScPin: Set to TRUE if the password field contains a smart card PIN.<72>

fDisablePNPRedir: Set to TRUE if Plug and Play (PnP) redirection is disabled, FALSE otherwise.

UserName: The user name used in autologon scenarios.

Domain: The domain name used in autologon scenarios.

Password: The password used in autologon scenarios.

WorkDirectory: The work directory for the initial program.

InitialProgram: The program to run instead of the default.<73>

CallbackNumber: The telephone number that will be returned by the Terminal Services server to the client when the server is unable to complete the connection request from the client. The user on the client side can use this number to call back for technical support.<74>

Callback: The callback class for callback operations.<75>

Shadow: The shadow setting of the session.

MaxConnectionTime: The maximum allowed session connection time setting of the session in milliseconds. The session will disconnect/logoff once the limit is reached.

MaxDisconnectionTime: The maximum allowed session disconnect time of the session in milliseconds(千分之一秒). The session will logoff once the limit is reached.

MaxIdleTime: The maximum allowed session idle time setting of the session in milliseconds. The session will disconnect/logoff once the limit is reached.(10分钟)

KeyboardLayout: The keyboard layout (HKL) of the session.

MinEncryptionLevel: The minimum allowed encryption level. Possible numeric values for this parameter include 1 (Low), 2 (Client Compatible), 3 (High), and 4 (FIPS). Detailed description of these encryption levels is included in [MS-RDPBCGR] sections 5.3.1 and 5.4.1.

NWLogonServer: The NetWare logon server name.<76>

PublishedName: Not used.

WFProfilePath: The terminal server profile path. Overrides the standard profile path.

WFHomeDir: The terminal server home directory path. Overrides the standard home directory.

WFHomeDirDrive: The terminal server home directory drive. Overrides the standard home directory.

3）https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc248657.aspx

后记：随便一个 google 相关资料还是很多的，也很权威。没有了google，或者英语阅读能力不太好，会产生很大的障碍。