MySQL字符存储：charset-unicode-sets

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset-unicode-sets.html

10.10.1 Unicode Character Sets

MySQL supports multiple Unicode character sets:

• utf8mb4: A UTF-8 encoding of the Unicode character set using one to four bytes per character.

• utf8mb3: A UTF-8 encoding of the Unicode character set using one to three bytes per character.

• utf8: An alias for utf8mb3.

• ucs2: The UCS-2 encoding of the Unicode character set using two bytes per character.

• utf16: The UTF-16 encoding for the Unicode character set using two or four bytes per character. Like ucs2 but with an extension for supplementary characters.

• utf16le: The UTF-16LE encoding for the Unicode character set. Like utf16 but little-endian rather than big-endian.

• utf32: The UTF-32 encoding for the Unicode character set using four bytes per character.

Note

The utf8mb3 character set is deprecated and will be removed in a future MySQL release. Please use utf8mb4 instead. Although utf8 is currently an alias for utf8mb3, at that point utf8 will become a reference to utf8mb4. To avoid ambiguity about the meaning of utf8, consider specifying utf8mb4 explicitly for character set references instead of utf8.