ansible之yum模块

> YUM (/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible/modules/packaging/os/yum.py)

Installs, upgrade, downgrades, removes, and lists packages and groups with the `yum' package manager. This module only works on Python 2.
If you require Python 3 support see the [dnf] module.

* This module is maintained by The Ansible Core Team
* note: This module has a corresponding action plugin.

OPTIONS (= is mandatory):

- allow_downgrade
Specify if the named package and version is allowed to downgrade a maybe already installed higher version of that package. Note that
setting allow_downgrade=True can make this module behave in a non-idempotent way. The task could end up with a set of packages that does
not match the complete list of specified packages to install (because dependencies between the downgraded package and others can cause
changes to the packages which were in the earlier transaction).
[Default: no]
type: bool
version_added: 2.4

- autoremove
If `yes', removes all "leaf" packages from the system that were originally installed as dependencies of user-installed packages but which
are no longer required by any such package. Should be used alone or when state is `absent'
NOTE: This feature requires yum >= 3.4.3 (RHEL/CentOS 7+)
[Default: no]
type: bool
version_added: 2.7

- bugfix
If set to `yes', and `state=latest' then only installs updates that have been marked bugfix related.
[Default: no]
version_added: 2.6

- conf_file
The remote yum configuration file to use for the transaction.
[Default: (null)]
version_added: 0.6

- disable_excludes
Disable the excludes defined in YUM config files.
If set to `all', disables all excludes.
If set to `main', disable excludes defined in [main] in yum.conf.
If set to `repoid', disable excludes defined for given repo id.
[Default: (null)]
version_added: 2.7

- disable_gpg_check
Whether to disable the GPG checking of signatures of packages being installed. Has an effect only if state is `present' or `latest'.
[Default: no]
type: bool
version_added: 1.2

- disable_plugin
`Plugin' name to disable for the install/update operation. The disabled plugins will not persist beyond the transaction.
[Default: (null)]
version_added: 2.5

- disablerepo
`Repoid' of repositories to disable for the install/update operation. These repos will not persist beyond the transaction. When
specifying multiple repos, separate them with a `","'.
As of Ansible 2.7, this can alternatively be a list instead of `","' separated string
[Default: (null)]
version_added: 0.9

- download_dir
Specifies an alternate directory to store packages.
Has an effect only if `download_only' is specified.
[Default: (null)]
type: str
version_added: 2.8

- download_only
Only download the packages, do not install them.
[Default: no]
type: bool
version_added: 2.7

- enable_plugin
`Plugin' name to enable for the install/update operation. The enabled plugin will not persist beyond the transaction.
[Default: (null)]
version_added: 2.5

- enablerepo
`Repoid' of repositories to enable for the install/update operation. These repos will not persist beyond the transaction. When specifying
multiple repos, separate them with a `","'.
As of Ansible 2.7, this can alternatively be a list instead of `","' separated string
[Default: (null)]
version_added: 0.9

- exclude
Package name(s) to exclude when state=present, or latest
[Default: (null)]
version_added: 2.0

- install_weak_deps
Will also install all packages linked by a weak dependency relation.
NOTE: This feature requires yum >= 4 (RHEL/CentOS 8+)
[Default: yes]
type: bool
version_added: 2.8

- installroot
Specifies an alternative installroot, relative to which all packages will be installed.
[Default: /]
version_added: 2.3

- list
Package name to run the equivalent of yum list <package> against. In addition to listing packages, use can also list the following:
`installed', `updates', `available' and `repos'.
[Default: (null)]

- lock_timeout
Amount of time to wait for the yum lockfile to be freed.
[Default: 0]
type: int
version_added: 2.8

- name
A package name or package specifier with version, like `name-1.0'.
If a previous version is specified, the task also needs to turn `allow_downgrade' on. See the `allow_downgrade' documentation for caveats
with downgrading packages.
When using state=latest, this can be `'*'' which means run `yum -y update'.
You can also pass a url or a local path to a rpm file (using state=present). To operate on several packages this can accept a comma
separated string of packages or (as of 2.0) a list of packages.
(Aliases: pkg)[Default: (null)]

- releasever
Specifies an alternative release from which all packages will be installed.
[Default: (null)]
version_added: 2.7

- security
If set to `yes', and `state=latest' then only installs updates that have been marked security related.
[Default: no]
type: bool
version_added: 2.4

- skip_broken
Skip packages with broken dependencies(devsolve) and are causing problems.
[Default: no]
type: bool
version_added: 2.3

- state
Whether to install (`present' or `installed', `latest'), or remove (`absent' or `removed') a package.
`present' and `installed' will simply ensure that a desired package is installed.
`latest' will update the specified package if it's not of the latest available version.
`absent' and `removed' will remove the specified package.
Default is `None', however in effect the default action is `present' unless the `autoremove' option is¬ enabled for this module, then
`absent' is inferred.
(Choices: absent, installed, latest, present, removed)[Default: (null)]

- update_cache
Force yum to check if cache is out of date and redownload if needed. Has an effect only if state is `present' or `latest'.
(Aliases: expire-cache)[Default: no]
type: bool
version_added: 1.9

- update_only
When using latest, only update installed packages. Do not install packages.
Has an effect only if state is `latest'
[Default: no]
type: bool
version_added: 2.5

- use_backend
This module supports `yum' (as it always has), this is known as `yum3'/`YUM3'/`yum-deprecated' by upstream yum developers. As of Ansible
2.7+, this module also supports `YUM4', which is the "new yum" and it has an `dnf' backend.
By default, this module will select the backend based on the `ansible_pkg_mgr' fact.
(Choices: auto, yum, yum4, dnf)[Default: auto]
version_added: 2.7

- validate_certs
This only applies if using a https url as the source of the rpm. e.g. for localinstall. If set to `no', the SSL certificates will not be
validated.
This should only set to `no' used on personally controlled sites using self-signed certificates as it avoids verifying the source site.
Prior to 2.1 the code worked as if this was set to `yes'.
[Default: yes]
type: bool
version_added: 2.1

NOTES:
* When used with a `loop:` each package will be processed individually, it is much more efficient to pass the list directly to the
`name` option.
* In versions prior to 1.9.2 this module installed and removed each package given to the yum module separately. This caused problems
when packages specified by filename or url had to be installed or removed together. In 1.9.2 this was fixed so that packages are
installed in one yum transaction. However, if one of the packages adds a new yum repository that the other packages come from (such
as epel-release) then that package needs to be installed in a separate task. This mimics yum's command line behaviour.
* Yum itself has two types of groups. "Package groups" are specified in the rpm itself while "environment groups" are specified in a
separate file (usually by the distribution). Unfortunately, this division becomes apparent to ansible users because ansible needs
to operate on the group of packages in a single transaction and yum requires groups to be specified in different ways when used in
that way. Package groups are specified as "@development-tools" and environment groups are "@^gnome-desktop-environment". Use the
"yum group list hidden ids" command to see which category of group the group you want to install falls into.
* The yum module does not support clearing yum cache in an idempotent way, so it was decided not to implement it, the only method is
to use shell and call the yum command directly, namely "shell: yum clean all"
https://github.com/ansible/ansible/pull/31450#issuecomment-352889579

REQUIREMENTS: yum

AUTHOR: Ansible Core Team, Seth Vidal (@skvidal), Eduard Snesarev (@verm666), Berend De Schouwer (@berenddeschouwer), Abhijeet Kasurde (@Akasurde), Adam Miller (@maxamillion)
METADATA:
status:
- stableinterface
supported_by: core

EXAMPLES:

- name: install the latest version of Apache
yum:
name: httpd
state: latest

- name: ensure a list of packages installed
yum:
name: "{{ packages }}"
vars:
packages:
- httpd
- httpd-tools

- name: remove the Apache package
yum:
name: httpd
state: absent

- name: install the latest version of Apache from the testing repo
yum:
name: httpd
enablerepo: testing
state: present

- name: install one specific version of Apache
yum:
name: httpd-2.2.29-1.4.amzn1
state: present

- name: upgrade all packages
yum:
name: '*'
state: latest

- name: upgrade all packages, excluding kernel & foo related packages
yum:
name: '*'
state: latest
exclude: kernel*,foo*

- name: install the nginx rpm from a remote repo
yum:
name: http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm
state: present

- name: install nginx rpm from a local file
yum:
name: /usr/local/src/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm
state: present

- name: install the 'Development tools' package group
yum:
name: "@Development tools"
state: present

- name: install the 'Gnome desktop' environment group
yum:
name: "@^gnome-desktop-environment"
state: present

- name: List ansible packages and register result to print with debug later.
yum:
list: ansible
register: result

- name: Install package with multiple repos enabled
yum:
name: sos
enablerepo: "epel,ol7_latest"

- name: Install package with multiple repos disabled
yum:
name: sos
disablerepo: "epel,ol7_latest"

- name: Install a list of packages
yum:
name:
- nginx
- postgresql
- postgresql-server
state: present

- name: Download the nginx package but do not install it
yum:
name:
- nginx
state: latest
download_only: true