C++ 容器对象vector和list 的使用

在<<c++ primer>>第四版Exercise Section 9.3.4 的Exercise 9.20 是这样的一道题目：编写程序判断一个vector<int> 容器包含的元素是否与list<int> 容器完全相同。测试代码如下：

 #include "stdafx.h"
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 #include <list>
 #include <deque>
 #include <vector>

 using namespace std;

 int main()
 {
     vector<int> vect;
     list<int> li;
     int vect_copy[] = {,,,,,,};
     int li_copy[] = {,,,,,,};
     vect.insert(vect.begin(),vect_copy, vect_copy+);
     li.insert(li.begin(),li_copy,li_copy+);

     if (vect.size() != li.size())
     {
         cout << "it is different." << endl;
         return ;
     }

     for (vector<int>::iterator begin = vect.begin(); begin != vect.end(); ++begin)
     {
         bool flag = false;
         for (list<int>::iterator begin_li = li.begin(); begin_li != li.end(); ++begin_li)
         {
             if (*begin == *begin_li)
             {
                 flag = true;
                 continue;
             }
         }
         if (flag)
         {

         }
         else
         {
             cout << *begin << " in vect is not in the list " << endl;
         }
     }
     system("PAUSE");
     return ;
 }

容器对象有一个Insert成员函数，是用于在容器中插入元素使用，第一个参数是插入的位置，是个迭代器，后面两个参数是需要插入的元素迭代器开始和结尾。因为数组名是一个指针，因此这里也直接传入了数组名。

另外，这里有两个循环，分别遍历vector和list.

获取元素操作如下：

 #include "stdafx.h"
 #include <vector>
 #include <iostream>

 using namespace std;

 int main()
 {
     vector<int> vect;
     int arry[] = {,,,,,};
     vector<int> vect2;
     vect.insert(vect.begin(),arry,arry+);
     cout << vect[] << endl;
     cout << vect.front() << endl;
     cout << *vect.begin() << endl;
     cout << vect2[] << endl;
     system("PAUSE");
     return ;
 }

这里需要留意的是，如果容器对象为空，则必须要先进行判断，否则操作未定义。如上代码是不能运行的。

删除元素的操作如下，这里的代码分别删除容器中的偶数和奇数。删除后打印容器。

 #include "stdafx.h"
 #include <vector>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <list>

 using namespace std;

 int main()
 {
     int ia[] = {,,,,,,,,,,};
     list<int> li;
     vector<int> vect;
     li.insert(li.begin(),ia,ia+);
     vect.insert(vect.begin(),ia,ia+);

     // to operate the list object.
     for (auto begin = li.begin(); begin != li.end();)
     {
         if ((*begin)% == )
         {
             begin = li.erase(begin);
             continue;
         }
         ++begin;
     }

     cout << "To print the list with odd number:" << endl;

     // print the list.
     for (auto begin = li.begin(); begin != li.end(); ++begin)
     {
         cout << *begin << endl;
     }

     // to operate vector
     for (vector<int>::iterator begin = vect.begin(); begin != vect.end();)
     {
         if (*begin % )
         {
             begin = vect.erase(begin);
             continue;
         }
         ++begin;
     }

     cout << "To print the vector with with even number:" << endl;
     for (vector<int>::iterator begin = vect.begin(); begin != vect.end();++begin)
     {
         cout << *begin << endl;
     }

     system("PAUSE");
     return ;
 }

删除特定元素操作如下：

 #include "stdafx.h"
 #include <vector>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <list>
 #include <string>

 using namespace std;

 int main()
 {
     string arry[] = {"zhi","haha","heihei","hehe","huhu"};
     list<string> li;
     li.insert(li.begin(),arry,arry+sizeof(arry)/sizeof(*arry));
     list<string>::iterator ite = find(li.begin(),li.end(),"haha");
     li.erase(ite);

     for (list<string>::iterator begin = li.begin(); begin != li.end(); ++begin)
     {
         cout << *begin << endl;
     }
     system("PAUSE");
     return ;
 }

赋值操作如下，将一个vector中的元素拷贝到一个List 容器中。

 #include "stdafx.h"
 #include <vector>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <list>
 #include <string>

 using namespace std;

 int main()
 {
     list<char*> li;
     vector<string> vect;

     char *listarry[] = {"hello","world","Li","Zhi"};
     string stringarry[] = {"heihei","haha","hehe","huhu"};
     li.insert(li.begin(), listarry, listarry+);
     vect.insert(vect.begin(), stringarry, stringarry+);

     cout << "The vector is : " << endl;
     for (vector<string>::iterator begin = vect.begin(); begin != vect.end(); ++begin)
     {
         cout << *begin << endl;
     }

     cout << "The list is : " << endl;
     for (list<char*>::iterator begin = li.begin(); begin != li.end(); ++begin)
     {
         cout << *begin << endl;
     }

     vect.assign(li.begin(),li.end());

     cout << "after update. The vector is : " << endl;
     for (vector<string>::iterator begin = vect.begin(); begin != vect.end(); ++begin)
     {
         cout << *begin << endl;
     }

     system("PAUSE");
     return ;
 }