Docker容器

Docker容器

Docker容器

1. 容器基本操作

启动容器：

1.docker run IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
2.

演示：

1.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ docker run centos echo 'hello world'
2.hello world
3.

启动交互式容器：

1.docker run -i -t IMAGE /bin/bash
2.   -i --interactive=true|false 默认是false
3.   -t --tty=true|false 默认是false

演示：

1.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ docker run -i -t centos /bin/bash
2.[root@1b2ad927e99b /]# ps -ef
3.UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
4.root         1     0  0 08:27 ?        00:00:00 /bin/bash
5.root        15     1  0 08:28 ?        00:00:00 ps -ef
6.[root@1b2ad927e99b /]# exit
7.exit
8.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ 
9.

这样我们就进入了刚刚启动的交互式容器中，然后退出交互式容器

查看容器：

1.docker ps [-a] [-l]
2.    -a ：列出所有容器
3.    -l ：列出最新创建的容器

演示：

1.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ docker ps
2.CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
3.#什么也没有显示，因为刚才运行的容器在运行后就停止了，ps没有任何参数时，默认返回正在运行的容器
4.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ docker ps -a
5.CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
6.1b2ad927e99b        centos                         "/bin/bash"              4 minutes ago       Exited (0) 3 minutes ago                       high_engelbart
7.b739cc3b468e        centos                         "echo 'hello world'"     8 minutes ago       Exited (0) 8 minutes ago                       compassionate_wozniak
8.f896b1aa1b9a        kiwenlau/hadoop-slave:0.1.0    "/bin/sh -c ''/root/s"   2 weeks ago         Exited (137) 2 weeks ago                       slave2
9.34f2c96104bd        kiwenlau/hadoop-slave:0.1.0    "/bin/sh -c ''/root/s"   2 weeks ago         Exited (137) 2 weeks ago                       slave1
10.9b3c668bbbf3        kiwenlau/hadoop-master:0.1.0   "/bin/sh -c ''/root/s"   2 weeks ago         Exited (137) 2 weeks ago                       master
11.7f6a984f7891        centos:hadoop                  "/bin/bash"              2 weeks ago         Exited (0) 2 weeks ago                         distracted_rosalind
12.977107b28f11        centos:hadoop                  "/bin/bash"              2 weeks ago         Exited (0) 2 weeks ago                         goofy_rosalind
13.26fdf0632dc4        centos                         "/bin/bash"              2 weeks ago         Exited (0) 2 weeks ago                         modest_sammet
14.60bf9249027a        centos                         "/bin/bash"              2 weeks ago         Exited (0) 2 weeks ago                         hungry_hopper
15.38e8d75dc3d0        ubuntu:14.04                   "/bin/bash"              2 weeks ago         Exited (130) 2 weeks ago                       angry_blackwell
16.9415009d239c        fedora                         "/bin/bash"              2 weeks ago         Exited (0) 2 weeks ago                         trusting_hodgkin
17.#-a返回所有容器的信息
18.

inspect返回容器详细信息

1.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ docker inspect 1b2ad927e99b837e5840b38cc36dbb7f661354a713bd27dbb478efe7928bf227 
2.[
3.{
4.    "Id": "1b2ad927e99b837e5840b38cc36dbb7f661354a713bd27dbb478efe7928bf227",
5.    "Created": "2015-12-22T08:27:14.348973558Z",
6.    "Path": "/bin/bash",
7.    "Args": [],
8.    "State": {
9.        "Running": false,
10.        "Paused": false,
11.        "Restarting": false,
12.        "OOMKilled": false,
13.        "Dead": false,
14.        "Pid": 0,
15.        "ExitCode": 0,
16.        "Error": "",
17.        "StartedAt": "2015-12-22T08:27:15.989546491Z",
18.        "FinishedAt": "2015-12-22T08:28:11.729801895Z"
19.    },
20.    "Image": "14dab3d4037239f08fb78310885f0ffd09adb3e2c6161ad72e36adb81661703f",
21.    "NetworkSettings": {
22.        "Bridge": "",
23.        "EndpointID": "",
24.        "Gateway": "",
25.        "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
26.        "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
27.        "HairpinMode": false,
28.        "IPAddress": "",
29.        "IPPrefixLen": 0,
30.        "IPv6Gateway": "",
31.        "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
32.        "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
33.        "MacAddress": "",
34.        "NetworkID": "",
35.        "PortMapping": null,
36.        "Ports": null,
37.        "SandboxKey": "",
38.        "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
39.        "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null
40.    },
41.    "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1b2ad927e99b837e5840b38cc36dbb7f661354a713bd27dbb478efe7928bf227/resolv.conf",
42.    "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1b2ad927e99b837e5840b38cc36dbb7f661354a713bd27dbb478efe7928bf227/hostname",
43.    "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1b2ad927e99b837e5840b38cc36dbb7f661354a713bd27dbb478efe7928bf227/hosts",
44.    "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1b2ad927e99b837e5840b38cc36dbb7f661354a713bd27dbb478efe7928bf227/1b2ad927e99b837e5840b38cc36dbb7f661354a713bd27dbb478efe7928bf227-json.log",
45.    "Name": "/high_engelbart",
46.    "RestartCount": 0,
47.    "Driver": "devicemapper",
48.    "ExecDriver": "native-0.2",
49.    "MountLabel": "",
50.    "ProcessLabel": "",
51.    "AppArmorProfile": "",
52.    "ExecIDs": null,
53.    "HostConfig": {
54.        "Binds": null,
55.

自定义容器名：

1.docker run --name=自定义名 -i -t IMAGE /bin/bash

那么我们在运行inspect命令就可以使用这个容器

重新启动停止的容器：

1.docker start [-i] 容器名

删除停止的容器：

1.docker rm 容器名

2. 守护式容器

上面我们运行了交互式容器，运行后就停止。但是有些情况下，我们需要一个长时间运行、没有交互式对话的容器，这就是守护式容器。它非常适合运行应用程序和服务。

以守护形式运行容器：

• docker run -i -t IMAGE /bin/bash
• 在运行交互式容器的时候以Ctrl+P和Ctrl+Q的组合键退出容器
• 演示：

1.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ docker run -i -t centos /bin/bash
2.[root@26b420bf9124 /]# #【Ctrl+P然后Ctrl+Q】[KANO@kelvin ~]$ docker ps
3.CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
4.26b420bf9124        centos              "/bin/bash"         12 seconds ago      Up 10 seconds                           tender_hypatia
5.

如果要再次进入到容器中，需要附加到运行中的容器：

1.docker attach 容器名

演示：

1.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ docker attach 26b420bf9124ce5ab264ac04279b11fff4ec9db82a72012023526a6547de0186 
2.
3.[root@26b420bf9124 /]# 
4.

启动守护式容器：

1.docker run -d 镜像名 [COMMAND] [ARG...]

-d：表示启动容器时以后台方式启动

查看容器日志：

1.docker logs [-f] [-t] [--tail] 容器名
2.   -f --follows=true|false 默认为false #跟踪日志变化返回结果
3.   -t --timestamps=true|false 默认为false #加上时间戳
4.   --tail="all" #返回结尾处多少数量的日志

查看容器内进程：

1.docker top 容器名

在运行中的容器内启动新进程：

1.docker exec [-d] [-i] [-t] 容器名 [COMMAND] [ARG...]

停止守护式容器：

1.docker stop 容器名

或者

1.docker kill 容器名

更多帮助可查看Docker文档：

1.man docker-run
2.man docker-logs
3.man docker-top
4.man docker-exec
5....