MinIO入门

MinIO 是一种高性能、S3 兼容的对象存储。

官方资料

• 中国官网
• 代码仓库
• 安装和部署MinIO
  • 单节点单硬盘部署MinIO
  • 单节点多硬盘部署MinIO
  • 多节点多硬盘部署
  • 站点复制概述
• 管理现有的MinIO部署
  • 扩展一个分布式MinIO部署
  • 升级部署MinIO
  • 关闭服务器池
  • 从网关或文件系统模式迁移
• 核心运营概念
  • 部署架构
  • 可用性和弹性
  • Erasure Coding(纠删码)
  • 阈值和限制
• 监控和警报
  • 指标和警报
    • 使用Prometheus进行监控和报警
    • 使用 InfluxDB进行监控和报警
  • 将服务器或审计日志发布到外部服务
  • 健康检查 API
  • 使用Grafana监控MinIO服务器
• 外部身份管理
  • 配置MinIO以使用Active Directory / LDAP进行身份验证
  • 配置 MinIO 以使用 Keycloak 进行身份验证
  • 配置MinIO以使用OpenID进行身份验证
• 数据加密（SSE）
  • 使用Hashicorp Vault Root KMS进行服务器端对象加密
  • 使用AWS Secrets Manager根KMS的服务器端对象加密
  • 使用GCP Secret Manager根密钥管理系统的服务器端对象加密
  • 使用Azure Key Vault根密钥管理服务的服务器端对象加密
• 网络加密（TLS）
• 部署检查清单
  • Hardware Checklist
  • 安全检查清单
  • 软件检查清单
• 硬件故障和恢复办法
  • 硬盘故障恢复
  • 节点故障恢复
  • 站点故障恢复
• 故障排除
  • 加密文件
• MinIO客户端
• MinIO Admin Client
• MinIO服务器命令介绍

---

安装MinIO服务器，执行如下命令。

mkdir -p ~/software/minio
cd ~/software/minio
mkdir -p data
mkdir -p config

wget https://dl.minio.org.cn/server/minio/release/linux-amd64/minio
chmod +x minio

启动MinIO服务，执行如下命令。

export MINIO_ROOT_USER=admin
export MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD=admin1234
./minio server ~/software/minio/data \
    --console-address ":9001" \
    --config-dir ~/software/minio/config

控制台的输出，如下：

Formatting 1st pool, 1 set(s), 1 drives per set.
WARNING: Host local has more than 0 drives of set. A host failure will result in data becoming unavailable.
MinIO Object Storage Server
Copyright: 2015-2023 MinIO, Inc.
License: GNU AGPLv3 <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html>
Version: RELEASE.2023-11-20T22-40-07Z (go1.21.4 linux/amd64)

Status:         1 Online, 0 Offline.
S3-API: http://192.168.0.109:9000  http://127.0.0.1:9000
RootUser: admin
RootPass: admin1234

Console: http://192.168.0.109:9001 http://127.0.0.1:9001
RootUser: admin
RootPass: admin1234

Command-line: https://min.io/docs/minio/linux/reference/minio-mc.html#quickstart
   $ mc alias set 'myminio' 'http://192.168.0.109:9000' 'admin' 'admin1234'

Documentation: https://min.io/docs/minio/linux/index.html
Warning: The standard parity is set to 0. This can lead to data loss.

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ You are running an older version of MinIO released 3 weeks before the latest release ┃
┃ Update: Run `mc admin update`                                                        ┃
┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛

安装MinIO客户端，执行如下命令：

cd ~/software/minio
wget https://dl.minio.org.cn/client/mc/release/linux-amd64/mc
chmod +x mc

创建一个别名，执行如下命令：

./mc alias set 'myminio' 'http://192.168.0.109:9000' 'admin' 'admin1234'

控制台的输出，如下：

mc: Configuration written to `/home/jackie/.mc/config.json`. Please update your access credentials.
mc: Successfully created `/home/jackie/.mc/share`.
mc: Initialized share uploads `/home/jackie/.mc/share/uploads.json` file.
mc: Initialized share downloads `/home/jackie/.mc/share/downloads.json` file.
Added `myminio` successfully.

查看mc的帮助，执行如下命令：

./mc -help

控制台的输出，如下：

NAME:
  mc - MinIO Client for object storage and filesystems.

USAGE:
  mc [FLAGS] COMMAND [COMMAND FLAGS | -h] [ARGUMENTS...]

COMMANDS:
  alias      manage server credentials in configuration file
  ls         list buckets and objects
  mb         make a bucket
  rb         remove a bucket
  cp         copy objects
  mv         move objects
  rm         remove object(s)
  mirror     synchronize object(s) to a remote site
  cat        display object contents
  head       display first 'n' lines of an object
  pipe       stream STDIN to an object
  find       search for objects
  sql        run sql queries on objects
  stat       show object metadata
  tree       list buckets and objects in a tree format
  du         summarize disk usage recursively
  retention  set retention for object(s)
  legalhold  manage legal hold for object(s)
  support    support related commands
  license    license related commands
  share      generate URL for temporary access to an object
  version    manage bucket versioning
  ilm        manage bucket lifecycle
  quota      manage bucket quota
  encrypt    manage bucket encryption config
  event      manage object notifications
  watch      listen for object notification events
  undo       undo PUT/DELETE operations
  anonymous  manage anonymous access to buckets and objects
  tag        manage tags for bucket and object(s)
  diff       list differences in object name, size, and date between two buckets
  replicate  configure server side bucket replication
  admin      manage MinIO servers
  idp        manage MinIO IDentity Provider server configuration
  update     update mc to latest release
  ready      checks if the cluster is ready or not
  ping       perform liveness check
  od         measure single stream upload and download
  batch      manage batch jobs

GLOBAL FLAGS:
  --autocompletion              install auto-completion for your shell
  --config-dir value, -C value  path to configuration folder (default: "/home/jackie/.mc") [$MC_CONFIG_DIR]
  --quiet, -q                   disable progress bar display [$MC_QUIET]

检查MinIO服务，执行如下命令：

./mc ping myminio

控制台的输出，如下：

  1: http://192.168.0.109:9000:9000   min=1.55ms     max=1.55ms     average=1.55ms     errors=0   roundtrip=1.55ms
  2: http://192.168.0.109:9000:9000   min=0.73ms     max=1.55ms     average=1.14ms     errors=0   roundtrip=0.73ms
  3: http://192.168.0.109:9000:9000   min=0.39ms     max=1.55ms     average=0.89ms     errors=0   roundtrip=0.39ms
  4: http://192.168.0.109:9000:9000   min=0.39ms     max=1.55ms     average=0.83ms     errors=0   roundtrip=0.65ms
  5: http://192.168.0.109:9000:9000   min=0.39ms     max=1.55ms     average=0.78ms     errors=0   roundtrip=0.60ms
  6: http://192.168.0.109:9000:9000   min=0.39ms     max=1.55ms     average=0.75ms     errors=0   roundtrip=0.62ms

检查别名的配置，执行如下命令：

./mc admin info myminio

控制台的输出，如下：

●  192.168.0.109:9000
   Uptime: 2 minutes
   Version: 2023-11-20T22:40:07Z
   Network: 1/1 OK
   Drives: 1/1 OK
   Pool: 1

Pools:
   1st, Erasure sets: 1, Drives per erasure set: 1

1 drive online, 0 drives offline

创建一个桶，执行命令如下：

./mc mb myminio/bkt1

控制台的输出，如下：

Bucket created successfully `myminio/bkt1`.

上传一个文件，执行命令如下：

./mc cp ./minio myminio/bkt1/a1.txt

控制台的输出，如下：

/home/jackie/software/minio/minio:   91.57 MiB / 91.57 MiB ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 4.78 MiB/s 19s

至此，使用单节点单硬盘方式部署MinIO即完成，可以开始后续的探索。