DRF基类APIView提供的Request、Response和序列化器的综合使用

关于DRF基类APIView提供的Request和Response对象的作用，可以看我的另一篇博文：https://www.cnblogs.com/chichung/p/9939864.html

综合使用：

from django.http import HttpResponse
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from user.models import Department
from user.serializers import DepartmentSerializer

class DepartmentListAPIView(APIView):
    def get(self,request):
        """查询多条数据"""
        dep = Department.objects.all()
        # 创建序列化器对象
        serializer = DepartmentSerializer(instance=dep,many=True)
        # 序列化：对象->字典
        data_dict = serializer.data
        # DRF的Response对象可以把字典转换为请求头指定的格式返回
        return Response(data=data_dict)

    def post(self,request):
        """新增一条数据"""
        # DRF的Request对象直接把接受到的值转换为字典
        data_dict = request.data
        # 创建序列化器对象
        serializer = DepartmentSerializer(instance=None,data=data_dict)
        # 校验校验不通过，抛异常(反序列化的功能)
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        # 反序列化，把字典的数据存进数据库
        serializer.save()
        # restful风格，新增要返回新增数据的那一列内容。用了序列化，把对象转换为字典，同时Response处理。
        return Response(data=serializer.data)

class DepartmentDetailAPIView(APIView):
    def get(self,request,pk):
        """查询一条数据"""
        # 查询出该条数据的对象
        try:
            dep = Department.objects.get(id=pk)
        except Department.DoesNotExist:
            return HttpResponse(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)
        # 创建序列化器对象
        serializer = DepartmentSerializer(instance=dep)
        # 序列化，把对象转换为字典，同时Response根据请求头返回相应的格式
        return Response(data=serializer.data)

    def post(self,request,pk):
        """修改部门"""
        # DRF的Request对象直接把接受到的值转换为字典
        data_dict = request.data
        # 查询出要修改的数据
        try:
            dep = Department.objects.get(id=pk)
        except Department.DoesNotExist:
            return HttpResponse(status=404)
        # 创建序列化器对象
        serializer = DepartmentSerializer(instance=dep,data=data_dict)
        # 反序列化，校验参数是否正确，若不正确，抛异常
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        # 反序列化，把字典的数据存进数据库
        serializer.save()
        # 序列化，把对象转换为字典。同时DRF的Response对象根据请求头返回相应的格式
        return Response(serializer.data)

    def delete(self,request,pk):
        """删除一个部门"""
        try:
            dep = Department.objects.get(id=pk)
        except Department.DoesNotExist:
            return HttpResponse(status=404)
        dep.delete()
        return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

相应路由的配置：

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^departments$',views.DepartmentListAPIView.as_view()),
    url(r'^departments/(?P<pk>\d+)$',views.DepartmentDetailAPIView.as_view())
]