Linux下MySQL、Apache、PHP源码安装全程实录（CentOS 6.4）

转自http://www.zjmainstay.cn/lamp-config

本文记录了我自己配置LAMP的全过程，借此记录一下，同时希望能够帮助一下需要帮助的LINUX新人，跟我一起学习，一起进步。

MySQL安装全过程

• 源码包来自：http://distfiles.macports.org/mysql5/
• $cd ~/Download
• $wget http://distfiles.macports.org/mysql5/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz
• $chmod +x mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz
• $tar zxvf mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz
• $cd mysql-5.1.60
• $su
• 输入密码：
• #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=all --with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/var/mysql.sock --with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so
• #make
• 提示错误：exec: g++: not found
• 原因：缺少gcc-c++
• 解决：yum install gcc-c++
• #yum install gcc-c++
• #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=all --with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/var/mysql.sock --with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so
• #make
• 提示错误：configure: error: No curses/termcap library found
• 原因：缺少ncurses-devel
• 解决：yum install ncurses-devel
• #yum install ncurses-devel
• #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=all --with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/var/mysql.sock --with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so
• #make
• #make install
• `make install 假错`
• make[4]: Entering directory /mysql-test 运行到这句会有不动几分钟，等待就好。
• 安装成功结束
• 复制my.cnf
• #cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
• 初始化数据库
• #cd /usr/local/mysql/
• #./bin/mysql_install_db
• 添加mysql用户组
• #groupadd mysql
• 添加mysql用户，位于mysql用户组
• #useradd -g mysql mysql
• 给mysql用户一个密码
• #passwd mysql
• 把mysql目录的拥有者设置成mysql
• #chown -R mysql:mysql *
• 把mysql启动拷贝到系统默认的目录下
• #cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
• 启动mysql服务
• #/etc/init.d/mysql start
• 创建root用户
• #/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456
• 登陆mysql管理
• #./bin/mysql -uroot -p123456

Apache安装全过程

1. CentOS会自带apache服务，自带apache可以使用service httpd start启动，
2. 程序目录位于/var/www/html/下面，这里移除系统自带Apache
3. #rpm -e httpd
4. 提示gnome-user-share依赖
5. 下面忽略依赖删除Apache
6. #rpm -e --nodeps httpd
7. 源码包来自：
8. http://www.apache.org/底部
9. HTTP Server (http://httpd.apache.org/)
10. #exit
11. $cd ~/Download
12. $wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.2.25.tar.gz
13. $tar zxvf httpd-2.2.25.tar.gz
14. $cd httpd-2.2.25
15. $su
16. 输入密码：
17. #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-track-vars --enable-cgi --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/apache/conf --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-proxy --enable-ssl
18. 提示错误：configure: error: ...No recognized SSL/TLS toolkit detected
19. 原因：确实SSL
20. 解决：yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
21. #yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
22. #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-track-vars --enable-cgi --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/apache/conf --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-proxy --enable-ssl
23. #make
24. #make install
25. 安装完成
26. 启动Apache服务器
27. #/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
28. 浏览器访问http://localhost可以看到“It Works!”
29. 程序目录为：/usr/local/apache/htdocs/
30. 创建service httpd start启动
31. #cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd

PHP安装全过程

• 源码包来自http://php.net/downloads.php
• $cd ~/Download
• $wget http://us1.php.net/get/php-5.3.27.tar.gz/from/cn2.php.net/mirror
• $tar zxvf php-5.3.27.tar.gz
• $cd php-5.3.27
• $su
• 输入密码：
• #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mbstring --with-incov --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib --enable-pdo --enable-ssl
• 提示错误：configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
• 原因：缺少libxml2-devel
• 解决：yum install libxml2-devel
• #yum install libxml2-devel
• #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mbstring --with-incov --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib --enable-pdo --enable-ssl
• 提示错误：configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
• easy.h should be in /include/curl/
• 原因：curl-devel没安装
• 解决：yum install curl-devel
• #yum install curl-devel
• #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mbstring --with-incov --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib --enable-pdo --enable-ssl
• 错误：configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
• 解决：yum install libjpeg-devel libpng-devel
• #yum install libjpeg-devel libpng-devel
• #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mbstring --with-incov --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/local/lib --enable-pdo --enable-ssl
• 错误：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
• 解决：CentOS使用yun install libmcrypt安装提示没包，因此需要下载libmcrypt源码包，手动安装
• 项目地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/
• 回到Download目录
• #cd ..
• #wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
• #tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
• #cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
• #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
• #make
• #make install
• 重新进入php目录
• #cd ../php-5.3.27
• #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mbstring --with-incov --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/local/lib --enable-pdo --enable-ssl
• #make
• #make install
• #cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
• #vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
• 1、在最后加入（:$（冒号$）可以跳到文件最后一行）：
• AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
• 2、修改文件访问顺序（Line 168）：
• DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
• 提示：vi +168 /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 可以打开文件，并且指针停留在168行，:set nu（冒号set nu）可以显示行号。
• 安装成功Apache已经启动了服务器，现在关闭，然后重新启动，使用restart我遇见了php依然没识别的问题，所以最好用stop停止再启动
• #/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl stop
• #/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
• 创建第一PHP文件
• #vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/index.php
• <?php
• phpinfo();
• ?>
• 在浏览器访问http://localhost 会看到phpinfo输出的信息，证明php成功解析。
• PHP解析成功后还需要测试PHP和MySQL数据库连通情况
• 前面没有启动mysql则使用 /etc/init.d/mysql start启动服务器
• #/etc/init.d/mysql start
• #/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456
• mysql>show databases;
• mysql>use test;
• mysql>CREATE TABLE tb_test(
• >id int(11) auto_increment not null,
• >name varchar(255) not null,
• >PRIMARY KEY(id)
• >);
• mysql>INSERT INTO tb_test(name) VALUES('hzg'),('Zjmainstay');
• mysql>SELECT * FROM tb_test;
• 确认数据库表tb_test有两行数据即可。
• 创建PHP测试程序db_test.php
• #vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/db_test.php
• <?php
• $db = mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456") or die("Can not connect database!");
• mysql_select_db("test", $db) or die("Can not select database!");
• mysql_query("set names utf8", $db) or die("Can not set names!");
• $sql = "SELECT * FROM tb_test";
• $res = mysql_query($sql, $db);
• if(!$res){
• die("Query error" . mysql_error($db));
• }else {
• $format = 'Id=%s, Name=%s<br />';
• while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($res)){
• echo sprintf($format, $row['id'], $row['name']);
• }
• }
• ?>
• 保存，并在浏览器端执行http://localhost/db_test.php
• 提示错误：Can not connect to local MySQL server through socket '/usr/local/mysql/var/mysql.sock'
• 将localhost改成127.0.0.1后运行正常
• 原因：var目录没权限，无法写入mysql.sock
• 解决：chmod 0755 /usr/local/mysql/var/
• #ls /usr/local/mysql/var/
• 打印结果为空
• 授权0755
• #chmod 0755 /usr/local/mysql/var/
• 授权成功重启服务
• #/etc/init.d/mysql restart
• 再次查看var目录
• #ls /usr/local/mysql/var/
• 可以看到此时有数据了，而且有mysql.sock
• 再次运行localhost为服务器的db_test.php程序，执行成功。