Spring MVC系列[1]—

1.导入jar包

　　ioc

　　mvc

　　复制spring-mvc.xml到src目录下。

2.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.5"

	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

  <servlet>

  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

  	<init-param>

  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

  		<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>

  	</init-param>

  	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>

  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

  	<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

3.spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"

    xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xsi:schemaLocation="

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd"> 

	<!-- 开启注解扫描 -->

	<context:component-scan base-package="com.java"/>

	<!-- 开启mvc注解扫描 -->

	<mvc:annotation-driven/>

	<!-- 定义视图解析器 -->

	<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>

		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>

	</bean>

</beans>

4.建立Controller类

 package com.java.springmvc;

 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

 @Controller

 public class HelloWorld {

     @RequestMapping("/hello.do")

     public ModelAndView hello(

             HttpServletRequest request,

             HttpServletResponse response)

     throws Exception{

         System.out.println("hello world");

         return new ModelAndView("jsp/hello");

     }

     @RequestMapping("say.do")

     public String say(){

         System.out.println("hello contorller");

         return "jsp/hello";

     }

 }

Controller类

5.在WEB-INF目录下建立jsp目录，建立新的jsp文件

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

  <head>

    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'hello.jsp' starting page</title>

    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">

    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">

    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">

    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">

    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">

    <!--

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">

    -->

  </head>

  <body>

    Hello World! <br>

  </body>

</html>

6.总结

①在xml中指定src目录下的文件用classpath。

②WEB-INF是安全目录。所谓「安全目录」，就是客户端不能访问，但是服务器可以访问的目录。

③创建bean时，容易出现的错误：class=“.class”.应该是class=“”（不带.class）。

④Controller返回应该使用相对路径而不是绝对路径。

⑤MVC基本概念

　　M model
　　　　业务逻辑和数据：实体，dao，service
　　　V view
　　　　jsp，asp
　　C controller
　　　　是沟通Controller和view的桥梁

　　⑥MVC流程：
　　　　request --> HandlerMapping --> controller --> ModelAndView --> VewResolver --> View --> response

　　⑦DispatcherServlet四大组件：
　　　　(1).HandlerMapping
　　　　(2).controller
　　　　(3).ModelAndView
　　　　(4).ViewResolver