oracle本机登录不上dba的权限不足错误

说明：因遇到“sqlplus / as sysdba”登录oracle时遇到权限不足（ora-01031）错误；百度到以下资料，原文链接：

http://www.xifenfei.com/2011/11/sqlnet-authentication_services%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E.html

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES参数说明

发表于 2011 年 11 月 11 日 由 惜分飞

联系：手机(+86 13429648788) QQ(107644445)

标题：SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES参数说明

作者：惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]

一、官方文档说明

作用

Use the parameter SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES to enable one or more authentication services.

If authentication has been installed,

it is recommended that this parameter be set to either none or to one of the authentication methods.

 

默认值

None

 

一般可选值

NONE for no authentication methods. A valid username and password can be used to access the database.

ALL for all authentication methods

NTS for Windows NT native authentication(An authentication method that enables

a client single login access to a Windows NT server and a database running on the server)

为了加深对这几个参数的理解，通过实验证明，这几个参数在不同的系统中的作用

二、win系统

Microsoft Windows [版本 6.1.7601]

版权所有 (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。

 

C:\Windows\system32>e:

 

E:\>cd E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN

 

#sqlnet.ora文件不存在情况

E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>dir sqlnet.ora

 驱动器 E 中的卷没有标签。

 卷的序列号是 38D0-2A35

 

 E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN 的目录

 

找不到文件

 

E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:13:57 2011

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

ERROR:

ORA-01031: 权限不足

 

 

请输入用户名:

 

#NTS情况

E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>more sqlnet.ora

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(NTS)

 

E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:16:20 2011

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

 

连接到:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,

Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options

 

#NONE情况

E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>more sqlnet.ora

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(NONE)

 

E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:17:18 2011

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

ERROR:

ORA-01031: 权限不足

 

 

请输入用户名:

 

#ALL情况

E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>more sqlnet.ora

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(ALL)

 

E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:18:02 2011

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

ERROR:

ORA-12641: 验证服务无法初始化

 

 

请输入用户名:

三、linux系统

[oracle@report ~]$ cd /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/

#NTS情况

[oracle@report admin]$ more sqlnet.ora

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NTS)

[oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:03:51 2011

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

 

ERROR:

ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

 

 

Enter user-name:

 

#NONE情况

[oracle@report admin]$ more sqlnet.ora

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NONE)

[oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:04:31 2011

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

 

ERROR:

ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

 

 

Enter user-name:

 

#ALL情况

[oracle@report admin]$ more sqlnet.ora

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (ALL)

[oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:05:07 2011

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

 

 

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

 

#不存在sqlnet.ora文件情况

[oracle@report admin]$ ll sqlnet.ora

ls: sqlnet.ora: No such file or directory

[oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:05:41 2011

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

 

 

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

四、补充说明
1、在win系统中使用all，提示ORA-12641，不是很清楚原因
2、在nts只有在win系统中有用，linux中无用
3、当不存在sqlnet.ora文件时，linux中可以正常登录，win中不能

• Linux/Win中ORACLE_SID错误时表现
• 远程访问ASM
• Easy Connect Naming Method与EZCONNECT关系
• sqlplus版本不正确，导致ORA-12560
• ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol
• sys用户密码含$ sqlplus登录数据库诡异事件分析
• Alert Log Errors: 12170 TNS-12535/TNS-00505: Operation Timed Out
• dns解析导致opiodr aborting process unknown ospid (7266) as a result of ORA-609类似错误
• 使用dblink导致scn发现改变
• Data pump 中network_link参数的使用续(登录用户和源端用户不一致处理)
• SP2-1503 SP2-0152 错误解决
• Data pump 中network_link参数的使用