IoC组件Unity再续~根据类型字符串动态生产对象

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这个根据类型字符串动态去生产一个接口的对象，在实现项目中用途很广，这即省去了配置config文件的麻烦，又使用生产对象变更可配置，你完全可以把这种多态持久化到数据库里或者XML文件里，在使用时根据类型名称去生产对象的类型实例，非常爽，非常酷，当然也非常实用，大叔一直喜欢小平同志的话：黑猫，白猫，抓住耗子就是好猫！

现在使用我来讲一个例子，也是编程里的一个Hello world的例子，传说有IHello接口，它有China和USA两种实现，什么时候用它们完成由配置决定，程序里不能写死

统一的人类

   public interface IHello
    {
        void HelloWorld();
    }

中国人说HelloWorld

   public class China : IHello
    {

        public void HelloWorld()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("你好，世界！");
        }
    }

美国人说HelloWorld

 public class USA : IHello
    {

        public void HelloWorld()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World！");
        }
    }

我们要想动态生产对象，有很多方法，也有很多第三方的IOC组件，向autofac,castle,unity都可以实现，在大叔框架里，比较青睐于Unity，所以我们还是以Unity为例，来生产一个这个对象

           //IOC上下文，使用using自动进行Dispose
            using (IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer())
            {
                string helloType = "Lind.DDD.Test.China";//从配置文件或者数据库里读取信息
                container.RegisterType(typeof(IHello), Type.GetType(helloType));//注意类型与实现的关系
                var hello = container.Resolve<IHello>();//生产对象
                hello.HelloWorld();//调用方法
            }

结果当前是输出中国人的Hello world!

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有一点要注意一下，对不在本程序集里的类型，需要将程序集名称写清楚，如下

  var t = Type.GetType("Lind.DDD.ConfigConstants.ConfigModel,Lind.DDD");//一般接口
  var tGeneric = Type.GetType("Lind.DDD.Test.Hello`1,Lind.DDD.Test");//泛型接口

再次注意，如果泛型类型中，泛型的参数类型也不在本程序集，则需要使用下载的代码了

  tGeneric = Type.GetType("Lind.DDD.Repositories.Xml.XmlRepository`1,Lind.DDD.Repositories.Xml");//拿到泛型类型
  tGeneric = tGeneric.MakeGenericType(typeof(Lind.DDD.ConfigConstants.ConfigModel));//注册泛型叁数

最后注意，如果你不希望显示的注册泛型参数，也可以使用下载的代码注册方式，更优雅

     tGeneric = Type.GetType("Lind.DDD.Repositories.Xml.XmlRepository`1[[Lind.DDD.ConfigConstants.ConfigModel,Lind.DDD]],Lind.DDD.Repositories.Xml");//拿到泛型类型

对于多语言的系统，也可以根据区域信息动态生产对象，当然IOC是我们使用这些功能的前提和基础！

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