作者: 负雪明烛
id: fuxuemingzhu
个人博客: http://fuxuemingzhu.cn/


[LeetCode]

题目地址:https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-depth-of-binary-tree/

Total Accepted: 70767 Total Submissions: 243842 Difficulty: Easy

题目描述

Given a binary tree, find its minimum depth.

The minimum depth is the number of nodes along the shortest path from the root node down to the nearest leaf node.

Note: A leaf is a node with no children.

Example:

Given binary tree [3,9,20,null,null,15,7],

    3
/ \
9 20
/ \
15 7

return its minimum depth = 2.

题目大意

求根节点到最近的叶子节点的高度。

解题方法

DFS

运用递归,递归当前和 左子树和右子树的深度,某节点的左右子树都是空的时候,说明是叶子。计算根节点到此叶子的深度。

注意:如果是叶子,那么此叶子的深度是1.

同时注意:如果有一方的某一子树为空,那么它的深度为0,但不应该进入树的深度的计算当中去。

Better solution:用HashMap存储已经遍历过的树,减少空间复杂度。实现效率的提高。

  1. 当root为空的时候直接返回0,因为MIN赋值很大,所以如果不单独预判的话会返回MIN
  2. 判断树的深度应该到叶子节点,也就是左右子结点都为空的那个结点
  3. 树的深度的根节点深度为1

递归解法如下:

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode(object):
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.left = None
# self.right = None class Solution(object):
def minDepth(self, root):
"""
:type root: TreeNode
:rtype: int
"""
if not root: return 0
que = collections.deque()
que.append(root)
depth = 1
while que:
size = len(que)
for _ in range(size):
node = que.popleft()
if not node: continue
if not node.left and not node.right:
return depth
que.append(node.left)
que.append(node.right)
depth += 1
return depth

BFS

其实BFS更简单,因为发现这层有个叶子的话,就直接返回就行了。

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode(object):
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.left = None
# self.right = None class Solution(object):
def minDepth(self, root):
"""
:type root: TreeNode
:rtype: int
"""
if not root: return 0
left = self.minDepth(root.left)
right = self.minDepth(root.right)
if not left:
return right + 1
if not right:
return left + 1
return 1 + min(left, right)

日期

2015/9/17 10:49:04
2018 年 11 月 24 日 —— 周六快乐

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