MySQL单机上多实例安装

首先安装mysql，不要启动MySQL，先配置vim /etc/my.cnf。
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/bin/mysqladmin
log = /opt/testdb/logs/mysql/mysqld_multi/mysqld_multi.log

[mysqld1]
datadir=/opt/testdb/mysql3306
socket=/opt/testdb/mysql3306/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
skip-name-resolve
default-time-zone='+8:00'

port = 3306
secure_file_priv = /opt/testdb/mysql_data
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_open_files=1024
skip-external-locking
net_buffer_length = 8K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
lower_case_table_names = 1

wait_timeout=1800
interactive_timeout = 1800
key_buffer_size = 512M
back_log = 500
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 6000
table_open_cache = 2048
max_allowed_packet = 32M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size= 128
query_cache_limit = 8M
tmp_table_size = 256M
read_buffer_size=8M
sort_buffer_size=8M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 102400M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_log_buffer_size=20M
read_rnd_buffer_size=32M

slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /opt/testdb/logs/mysql/3306/mysqld3306_slow.log
long_query_time = 10
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1
log_output = 'FILE'

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
sync_binlog=8

log-error=/opt/testdb/logs/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysqld3306.pid

server-id=36
binlog_ignore_db=mysql
relay_log = relay-bin
log-bin=/opt/testdb/logs/mysql/3306/mysql_R3306.log

[mysqld2]
datadir=/opt/testdb/mysql3307
socket=/opt/testdb/mysql3307/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
skip-name-resolve
default-time-zone='+8:00'

port = 3307
secure_file_priv = /opt/testdb/mysql_data
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_open_files=1024
skip-external-locking
net_buffer_length = 8K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
lower_case_table_names = 1

wait_timeout=1800
interactive_timeout = 1800
key_buffer_size = 512M
back_log = 500
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 6000
table_open_cache = 2048
max_allowed_packet = 32M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size= 128
query_cache_limit = 8M
tmp_table_size = 256M
read_buffer_size=8M
sort_buffer_size=8M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 20480M
innodb_log_buffer_size=20M
read_rnd_buffer_size=32M

slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /opt/testdb/logs/mysql/3307/mysqld3307_slow.log
long_query_time = 10
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1
log_output = 'FILE'

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
sync_binlog=8

log-error=/opt/testdb/logs/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysqld3307.pid

server-id=37
relay-log = relay-bin
log-slave-updates = 1
binlog_ignore_db=mysql
log-bin=/opt/testdb/logs/mysql/3307/mysql_R3307.log

注意其中innodb_buffer_pool_size配置，这里使用的引擎是Innodb。
在/opt/sdb下新建mysql3306和mysql3307两个文件夹：/opt/testdb/mysql3306， /opt/testdb/mysql3307
分别提权：
chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/testdb/mysql3306
chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/testdb/mysql3307
到mysqld目录下，cd /usr/sbin
初始化，执行
mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/testdb/mysql3306 --user=mysql，保存临时密码
同样执行，mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/testdb/mysql3307 --user=mysql，保存临时密码
运行MySQL，mysqld_multi start 1-2，同时启动
登陆MySQL，修改密码，mysql -uroot -p -S /opt/testdb/mysql3306/mysql.sock (或者mysql -uroot -p -P3306)
登陆后修改密码：
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' identified by '12345678';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
添加远程/登陆用户
grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* totestDB@'%' identified by '12345678';
查看MySQL_multi状态，mysqld_multi report
关闭musqld_multi，mysqladmin -h172.16.2.64 -P3306 -uroot -p12345678 shutdown