hdu-1198 Farm Irrigation---并查集+模拟（附测试数据）

题目链接：

http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=1198

题目大意：

有如上图11种土地块，块中的绿色线条为土地块中修好的水渠，现在一片土地由上述的各种土地块组成，需要浇水，问需要打多少口井。

例如下面这个土地块

ADC

FJK
IHE

then the water pipes are distributed like

解题思路：

首先模拟A-K的四个不同的方向，用了一个数组表示从A-K的四个方向是否有水管

然后枚举每个点的四个方向上可到达的地方，如果连通就合并并查集，最后根节点的数目就是连通块的数目（DFS也可以做，判断连通块即可）

 #include<bits/stdc++.h>
 using namespace std;
 typedef long long ll;
 const int maxn =  + ;
 int p[maxn];
 char Map[][];
 int dir[][] = {,-,-,,,,,};//分别是左(0)，上(1)，右(2)，下(3)
 int G[][]={
     ,,,,
     ,,,,
     ,,,,
     ,,,,
     ,,,,
     ,,,,
     ,,,,
     ,,,,
     ,,,,
     ,,,,
     ,,,,
 };
 void init()
 {
     for(int i = ; i < maxn; i++)p[i] = i;
 }
 int Find(int x)
 {
     return x == p[x] ? x : p[x] = Find(p[x]);
 }
 void Union(int x, int y)
 {
     x = Find(x);
     y = Find(y);
     if(x != y)
     {
         p[x] = y;
     }
 }
 int main()
 {
     int n, m;
     freopen("out.txt", "w", stdout);
     while(cin >> n >> m && ( n + m > ))
     {
         init();
         for(int i = ; i < n; i++)
         {
             cin >> Map[i];
         }
         for(int i = ; i < n; i++)
         {
             for(int j = ; j < m; j++)
             {
                 int c = Map[i][j] - 'A';
                 for(int k = ; k < ; k++)//枚举四个方向
                 {
                     if(!G[c][k])continue;//判断该方向是否存在水管
                     int x = i + dir[k][];
                     int y = j + dir[k][];
                     if(x <  || x >= n || y <  || y >= m)continue;
                     int d = Map[x][y] - 'A';
                     if(!G[d][(k + ) % ])continue;//这里是判断（x，y）处是否有和k方向相对的方向的水管
                     Union(i * m + j, x * m + y);//这里是编号i*m+j，一开始写错成i*n+j
                 }
             }
         }
         int flag = ;
         for(int i = ; i < n * m; i++)
         {
             if(p[i] == i)flag++;//根节点的数目也就是连通块的数目
         }
         cout<<flag<<endl;
     }
     return ;
 }

测试数据：

 JBHFFKBAHHFIGHDHJ
 CHHIKGHIFGHCBJKKC
 EJHFEHFGHAFAFEFBD
 KGAAGHIHKDFCKJKDK
 BBGIFFCEGGFGFABEF
 GFHEAIEEADDFIEHIC
 AIHHEBFCHJAKDIEBG
 CJCDGFJFHEGBKHJKH
 AHCAAKHKBBKJJJGGB
 HJJHFIBDAKEHEFHGD
 CJJICAAJJEJIHJDEK
 FKKIKJBKGKKJEEFIC
 IIGJJIDFHKFDCKJDK
 KBKFHKHDCJIDJBFDF
 KBHBFJEIFFKFGCAIG
 CKJEBHICKEGABEIHC
 EJECEHIDDKJAIDEAG
 KGIJAAJDHABDEIGCF
 FIFJECCEKDAAKCACG
 HIAFBCCDFIIKCAJBB
 AAKGGBBDHAHJIIIEB
 FCBIFKACGFEHIECII
 IFBEKFGKFGADIHICH
 HIJHFFEIHDGKEAKIE
 GHCHDKBIECFJEFKHA
 KHCHCDAGJDJEAKJJD
 DKIKAJCCACJBCEDKD
 IGHKIGDHBBFGJGKJK
 DFGDIAJJHIIGCIFCC
 AIGJJKKJJDJEEJFAE
 CIEFBGGCBDFAFFEBK
 EEAIDJEEEBDGKCFBG
 DFJFACCJIGJHBDAGK
 CEJFDBHCGDGHADAKB
 IAJBKKHDEEAIJICBA
 CBKFKEBJFJGJBDECH
 EIFHJCBCBJKKIDDJA
 GIABAIIDHEBIHGIDF
 FFHFCFJAIFFEIJEJG
 KAFFDFEIECBEFKCEK
 ICKGEAFCJFIEHBHCG

 GKDKJKAGKAICDIJBGACJ
 AHCBFGDCEDKGEAFKIBAA
 JHCBAJFFEIFFFCKEHJJB
 IEHDIDJCHGIBKGFDJGJC
 IAGEBDGCJBKAIHGCBAHE
 EGHFJIKEHCEFFFGJBBEF
 DKDFABABFFADDKJEJJGB
 CEIKJHCDKGIAFACFJDKG
 JAGAAIIDCKKFCCJBCCAF

 AFEGEAGEKAHBCJDII
 KAGCGJBEDJGIADCGA
 CFGECKBGJHIBIBGKD
 ICAFDEBHDBDFEDGGK
 HDIJCJFCHJHFEGHIE
 DBKJFFHBGFGGAEHED
 JGGECHJGCJHAGHGDK
 EKHBEHDGADFKJKECD
 DFKFIIFJFKJKDBDHI
 HAFKCCDFDIKCJBBGA
 GFHFFFEKHCKABAJEE
 HKECDKCACJKACHGAK
 DHJEKABBKGIGFCJAC
 JIFHJJBGDAFFGAJII
 CCHCADJFHECGCBIDE
 KKEKJBABDABJDBACH
 CCEKGGIFFCFJEAKJB
 ADIKJAFEBKCJIHFFE
 KKGCBJCJDIDBGFDCF
 JFBFAAJFHBABCDHAF
 AIHFBJDIFGKIAGIIG
 GABJIFFFKEFIABBGH
 BFKEAEEHJJJEFBJFA
 FJHIHDCDHIJEBHJIF

 IECKGJFBJFBDFBBECKEKGGGEKAA
 FCHKJFDEAHGFIHHGIJJGCBEEEHG
 GIEADGFJBIDIEKBDIGAJAFFGFEA
 GCDIBKEJGFIJHKHABAJAHBDDBIK
 FBCFCEGEDIBJIJDIKAGEBCHBCIH
 KAEIKCBCEGGGHBIICFBAEIJFDEC
 FDGEFKIHHGEHIDDKDBEEFCBFGKI
 HDFAJBDDGHFFAHBJAHKAJCEECBF
 BDDGFCFKCCIACKGEDBFJBDFDDFA
 ABECCDFDAKDACBBBJBEGEABFIIK
 BHHKHAGDKGDFDKGEEFEFICEGBHE
 HFFKFCEFCDDFADAAAFFBCJIKKJJ
 IEJGAHEBKIKBIFHBFBECJEHJHEC
 JDHHHDECGCIJDFCDFGHCDJECCKG
 DFEEGCJKHHCCCFEKKEIEEJIAKEA
 BDIGGFKCHDKJAHCCIGBFIKAAIEC
 KBECAFKFJBICDIEKEBIAGDCKFAH
 FCJJEHCJCKFHIHFEFKCEJGDDIEH
 BACDHJDAAIDABGFDKGEEBKKEKKJ
 JHFHCGCBDBFIIFFAHFAFJGGAIFB
 DHEDBHBFCFGEKGGDEFJFAHKDBBD
 EGDDJIFEHIBDAIBIEHHFKDEIDAB
 BGCCKBFBCBKKIFCAIJIECHICHEB
 KCFKGABEKEFJFGBKGEAEFCJFIGH
 BHFCEEJKBKGDBBJEEHKBFHDBGFF
 CFHEDFEDJFKJECIAKBIEJAKHABD
 DFEAFCEFEBHBEAKIDFDKEJAICCD
 EJGDIHDHIBBEDFHKJEIFCCDHACC
 GJGAIDBJDCGKKKHBAIDAAEACEDA
 JCHFFAHCKGFFBCIFKGCAJAJKBBH
 GHACAHIDBBIBCAAEHJBHGJGGIHI
 KECKGDJGAIDIIDBJJFDKJBIHIFA
 EGJKFCJAHHIIBJHIADJBAHHCDAH
 AGDKCHCCECHHCAKCACHFJHIFJEA

 GJAGCCED
 DAKIBIAH
 FAEFHFKA
 KCCEDIIJ
 ECAIDGJE
 JJBAJDFI
 HFIBJEJG
 KEIGFDIC
 CBGFFCKK
 ICAGAFGH
 HCEKFBBE
 DFDDACDC
 BEADDBKF
 CAKBCEID
 IHKJFIHD
 KBIHCCHK
 BKBDBCGG
 EHFKJKJC
 IHEAKAKH
 DDHKKFBD
 BHGKBCEI
 EIJEICIH
 HFHGGKJF
 KJBJCHKC
 ADBEGCDH
 KIADDADJ
 KJBEEBII
 JFHKGBHK
 CHJGKJJB
 GEDECEED
 BCJDIGBK
 DIGDHFIE
 ADIEFJGH
 BAKACBDH
 HBDBEJGD
 BJICHIAH
 ADIJEKID
 HBEAHCBA
 HIHCAKEK
 CJHKCGBC
 BKEEEKCJ

 AGEEBDBKHKECEFBBCDIBHDDD
 IGFGGKFEFHBFHCAHIBJEEDBG
 BAJHKKEFEDKCIJIBECDBDBKH
 JHHDCHJDHDIGHJKFHEHIGHKA
 IEHCGKGJFFBEJDCHGEDIBDFH
 CDHHBAGABFBDAFCJIBJDDKCC
 CIJIFHFGHCCEECBGHEBCGDCI
 FBCFIIJFHBJFKGJHAKBHGJIK
 DGEFKHGJJCEFFKHKGGBCKIIH
 IFGJCDGCDHIHBEDCJECHJBBJ

 KKBFAGDHJEEGHFIDKFBBBB
 BKIIBJIKJFJHJJDBDBJIHI
 HCBGEDAEHHFCFJJAIDEKIG
 JEDFBDGDHKDBIHEJCCFAKJ
 CFJAAFIEKGKHCCAIHEBKBH
 CBCEIEHBGIAKHAFHEAAHKK
 ECDHIEHCBGAFIECFHCEBFG
 BGBBFJJIJKKDCCKGBJJABH
 AGBHCKJBDHBIBBHHIGGEGC
 HJKDFKAKKHGJKKEHJCIGIB
 DAFAEEFGDGKBFHJKHEIBBK
 FBGBEEDDAEHHIIIHHFHBKJ
 IJCEDACCJAFEGEEFHBKIEH
 ADKEFBAFDDDCACIAIJCEIB
 HBKGDDBBFIGHKEDGHECGJI
 FDBACAADDKADFCFIHAIDKH
 FBIFJBDCJGJAIBBKFBDFJH
 KAEKBAJBGBAHDEFHBBHKJI
 HJGJBJHBKBJHAFBACEBJDF

 FBDBDHKDJBEGJIJHKDJFAHCKCBEDDDICECG
 DKKAGKFHKIJCAHBDFDFBDKDEIEHFDIEABCG
 GGHKFIFFKGEAKEBKHDFHIADCHGABEDAHJIE
 KDHJFKFEKHIAJKJIFJKBGFECGJFHCEIECBB
 BAGGKCKGBBKIECEIBCCAGEFIHKICKDHFKCG
 FJICKFJGDAAAGCGJEIIHFCIHDJJCBCHIFAH
 CEKGCHKFJAECKCIAGAEGGAKCHBBJCIKBCDD
 DBIGHDKCFJIKEIBKAKAKCEGDCHJEBCHAJIA
 HKIDEIDDKCGHJAAJDBFEIJFDFEAEIIFHFEB
 DAFIGJGAKECEGFGGCIGGEFCFIFAAKGDJDGA
 ABIJEBEEJAHHKCKDFJFCFDGBADIJJBKGKCI
 JIKIBJIHBDFDHEFCFFGHJCDDBIEDGDKGBIA
 KDFBGBBHCFJEFHCGJIFBHCADKCDJIDJFGCE
 ABAGDCHEAJJEDFEIFICCDKFJGKJGGIGJDJB
 BEGHHIHGCEDEBBJKHHEJEKDFFHJKIEAIAAE
 DGFDICAEEICGJHCJEAACFHFGKFEBBAGEAHA
 IKIDCIJJIEIKBCCFFFHJCJBDADHHJHCGJAJ
 AFKHJKKKAFEFFAHJKKCCGJGIKKHKIGGADCF
 JGCABJGJEAGHIBHGBGDCAFGGBJFDDAAHJCA
 JHBCKGIHIAJFBFEBKFGGKAAKHEDGABHEKGF
 HEIEIDGJJDAIHDAGGCKCEDFEKIGHCGFBFBK
 JAGKDHFDBCJKCDKBHAIHBKDJDBKDCHDKDEK
 DBJAFIABDDKECJHGEAKJAJKCKDFIJAAEGKB
 ABGBHGKHAJGBAGFEIJBIKJBHCJGGEADCIFB
 CIJFGAGIDKADJBHDBJJGKGBKGAHBDHIHBAK
 EIBCHHEAEJCFKBGFJJIAKHGAEAGBGEGCGGC
 HDGKDBKBHJFIJCJFKKKIBGBIIFDBFJAIKIB
 IDHGAFGDKICBEECHBKKKGDIBHDGAKBEFFCH
 EBGHAJFJAEAHIEHFJHBIKJKJDJDHGAHBKCC
 KDIJAAAFKAKDJJEHFIGKIHJHFCKHKGGEGDF
 GKEKHFDEEFCHKFBEGIFKGFICDFDBGIDBGBE
 JEDKJKHFGHDIBJBKDHDICJCFIHKDFFCHBGA
 DDHKGKFKBEBACKCJHADJFHHKBHJBFHFFHGA

 IHBGKHAEJKCDJDDEEHGHCCABIBIKG
 KGJIBGACAJCCGKJHBJGBFBBDEBDKI
 ICAHBGBBEFKFEEKACBIFIFGHICHCA
 DHKCBJGFEFJHAFKKEKKBGJIGCGDEB
 AFFDEKFBKBDIGGKAGIHIBGGKDABBK
 JFIACGCFDIJHHGIDJKCFBEEEKAEIH
 GIDICCGFFDFHIFBBDJECFHKGIHGCE
 CEBABFIJDCIFHFKBAIJJGGCFKBEKC
 FHIEKJKICFJEIKEGKIBGEAJADIHIF
 EBKBHIIFEBBAGIBHIAJKBFJDDCFEG
 CADAICKIJBHHEFIKIJHDEBBAEFGJI
 JGEBHCDGIJDIKFCJBIHFHCFKBCGJK
 DFJKCFABBIFFECHHGCKIHHKFJHBDJ
 ACGCHJDKJGJFIGKFBIGKDBDBCKCBK
 GKJHCIJGFHDHJAGACHFIFIAJBFGFK
 FGJEAFIGBHGFBJBIJFJAHDDGCHIBK
 FIFIEGHJIKFHJACAJKKCEFIGDHJGE
 FBHDFKGDJJIKHKDCIJDIBFJHCFJAK
 GGBDICEDIAEBFJIIIDHBKKBHHFKEB
 JACKFBIHDCIGDBEGCDJFCKBDECACF
 KHFIJBHKCCFCKECAJBKHHJACKEIGD
 KFEAFBEIJEJHGGDAEIDJHAAHJEDFK
 IGJEIAIJJKDKDCDDADJEGDCGCFDGE
 GCIFJKCKHICIJKADADEGGFDCJFCDI
 CEAHIBIDAEIACICKKHBJFGJGCECJE
 HBKGFGCABDABCEKJCICFJDDJBJACI
 JHGDJAKCHHEADHEJAJHABDCDJHBJI
 EHJKCIEKACKJDJCAABGEAFJDKAAGC
 DDKKJHDDDGJIADDDGEKEEJAJDEGDD

 KAFKGFKCFABFGCHBGEAHBCBBDHKBBDHIJEJIIACHDCBICDAH
 AHIEDHBIEGIIKBAEHJJFJDBGBIKKHBAFDADCAIEEJFGCAKEK
 KCDDJCDEBGHGDCFFKIIEBEJHDDAHCIDGADGHAAIFDHACJCFH
 DFJHDJCEAGGEAICHEHGDKFCIGKDKEFCFFFIJKHGGECGIKKKA
 AJACFFJJFCDGDIGAGCHJGKAHGEFIECACKIBGAAIBHDHIEGAF
 GJIBDFIBHAGAFIDGKFGHCJAJICDJIBJEAJDAEBKGCFIJDEGC
 HBABAJCHGFKGIBGBIEJDEHJAKFFHFBBHHHAIJIEDGKKBDKIJ
 KIKJDKBIGCJAAIJHDAGFBEEKEFKGDHJDABCIGGBKDEFJDCKB
 FDFJADGHAFFEFKIDKJBGIEHDCDGKJBICHCIAKDGBAKGCFKDI
 IHJHAKDHGEJHHGGFEIHIFBEGHAJKGAEJDCAKHJKABJKGBBKB
 GHBAHCIFFJGFBCACABIDFKGHHDJDKGEEIAIKKEGFHGFEBBCD
 HIBADGAAHJAIAGGKCDHIBAAEKKCAHGEDDKEHHFFJGIJAHICE
 CFGCAIBCDDECDJHKCJGJDKCBHDAHIKDJKAJJDADCFEKJKAFA
 GCDEFHEJAIAJDGFDDADJGEIAJCKBICDGABKEDAFFGBIIHDBE
 AIFDACKBJHBEEGIJDFBCJEKFBHICGGBFJCHIBJCIJIJCHAEF
 KBEFKDCIEEDEBKIIBGDHGJFHGKCHJGCJFIGIDACBIGCJHKEK
 CIICHEEIBGHHFCICKGECHJFBFKHBAKEGBCKCHKHKCKFDHJDG
 GIKABBAIKJJDEECKBEECEHBHECDEGDICCGAGCCHCJAADBIFK

 

答案：