spring mvc:练习：javaConfig配置和注解

Spring4 MVC HelloWorld 注释/JavaConfig为示例，一步一步以简单的方式学习Spring4 MVC 的注解，项目设置，代码，部署和运行。

我们已经使用XML配置开发了一个Hello World Web应用程序。但是，XML不是配置Spring应用程序的唯一途径。或者，我们可以使用Java配置来配置应用程序.

我们将再次创建一个Hello world的例子，但这个时候我们使用Java配置。我们将删除上面提到的XML文件，并通过它们对应的Java替换这些XML配置。

目录结构：

访问路径是：http://localhost:8080/gugua5/

包名：springmvc

HelloController.java

package springmvc.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;

@Controller

@RequestMapping(value="/")

public class HelloWorldController {

	@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)

	public String sayHello(ModelMap model)

	{

		model.addAttribute("greeting", "hello world from spring mvc 4");

		return "hello_say";

	}

	@RequestMapping(value="/helloagain", method=RequestMethod.GET)

	public String sayHelloAgain(ModelMap model)

	{

		model.addAttribute("greeting", "hello world again, spring mvc 4");

		return "hello_say";

	}

}

配置jsp视图路径,以及包下的controller/bean等自动引入,webmvc开启

package springmvc.configuration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;

@Configuration

@EnableWebMvc

@ComponentScan(basePackages="springmvc")

public class HelloWorldConfiguration {

	@Bean

	public ViewResolver viewResolver()

	{

		InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();

		viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);

		viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");

		viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");

		return viewResolver;

	}

}

初始化WebApplicationInitializer

可以用AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer 来替代WebApplicationInitializer

package springmvc.configuration;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

public class HelloWorldInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

	@Override

	protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {

		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

		return new Class[] { HelloWorldConfiguration.class };

	}

	@Override

	protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {

		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

		return null;

	}

	@Override

	protected String[] getServletMappings() {

		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

		return new String [] { "/" };

	}

}

jsp:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"  pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

<title>javaconfiguration</title>

</head>

<body>

${greeting} 

</body>

</html>

我们来说一说pom.xml配置

以 Spring Java为基础的配置取决于Servlet 3.0 的API，因此，我们需要包含的依赖在 pom.xml 中。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>gugua4</groupId>

  <artifactId>gugua5</artifactId>

  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <name>gugua5 Maven Webapp</name>

  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

   <properties>

  	<springVersion>4.3.5.RELEASE</springVersion>

  	<hibernate.validator>5.1.2.Final</hibernate.validator> <!-- hibernate.validator -->

  	<javax.validation>1.1.0.Final</javax.validation> <!--  JSR303 的验证注解 -->

  	<mysqlVersion>5.0.11</mysqlVersion>

  	<commonsDbcpVersion>1.4</commonsDbcpVersion>

  	<aspectjweaverVersion>1.8.13</aspectjweaverVersion>

  	<commonsLoggingVersion>1.2</commonsLoggingVersion>

  </properties>

  <dependencies>

     <!-- spring-test支持 -->

    <dependency>

    	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

    	<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>

    	<version>${springVersion}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>junit</groupId>

      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

      <version>4.11</version>

      <scope>test</scope>

    </dependency>

    <!-- spring模块库 -->

    <dependency>

    	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

    	<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>

    	<version>${springVersion}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

    	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

    	<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>

    	<version>${springVersion}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

    	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

    	<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>

    	<version>${springVersion}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

    	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

    	<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

    	<version>${springVersion}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

	    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

	    <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>

	    <version>${springVersion}</version>

	</dependency>

	<!-- (aop)@Aspect注解及代理 -->

	<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->

	<dependency>

	    <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>

	    <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>

	    <version>1.6.8</version>

	</dependency>

	<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/cglib/cglib-nodep -->

	<dependency>

	    <groupId>cglib</groupId>

	    <artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>

	    <version>2.1_3</version>

	</dependency>

    <!-- 依赖的持久化类库 -->

    <dependency>

    	<groupId>mysql</groupId>

    	<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

    	<version>5.1.8</version>

    </dependency>

	<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-tx -->

	<dependency>

	    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

	    <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>

	    <version>3.0.5.RELEASE</version>

	</dependency>

    <!-- io流/上传类插件 -->

	<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->

	<dependency>

	    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>

	    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>

	    <version>2.5</version>

	</dependency>

	<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->

	<dependency>

	    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>

	    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>

	    <version>1.3.2</version>

	</dependency>

     <!-- 连接池 -->

    <dependency>

    	<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>

    	<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>

    	<version>${commonsDbcpVersion}</version>

    </dependency>

    <!-- 公共基础类（字符处理，数组，日期，范围） -->

	<dependency>

	    <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>

	    <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>

	    <version>3.0</version>

	</dependency>

	 <!-- jsp依赖的web模块库 -->

	 <dependency>

	   <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

	   <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>

	   <version>2.0</version>

	   <scope>provided</scope>

	</dependency>

	<dependency>

         <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

         <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>

         <version>1.2</version>

         <scope>runtime</scope>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

         <groupId>taglibs</groupId>

         <artifactId>standard</artifactId>

         <version>1.1.2</version>

     </dependency>

    <!-- servlet(HttpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse) -->

    <dependency>

	    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

		<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>

		<version>3.1.0</version>

	    <!--

	    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>

	    <version>2.5</version>

	    <scope>provided</scope>

	    -->

	</dependency>

	<!-- jsr303 validation dependencies/ JSR303 的验证注解-->

		<dependency>

			<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>

			<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>

			<version>${javax.validation}</version>

		</dependency>

		<!-- hibernate validation 数据验证-->

		<dependency>

			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>

			<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>

			<version>${hibernate.validator}</version>

		</dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>

  <!-- javaConfig配置 -->

  	<pluginManagement>

  		<plugins>

  			<plugin>

  				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

  				<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>

  				<version>2.6</version>

  				<configuration>

  					<!-- jsp目录 -->

  					<warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>

  					<warName>gugua5</warName>

  					<!-- 取消xml配置：web.xml -->

  					<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>

  				</configuration>

  			</plugin>

  		</plugins>

  	</pluginManagement>

    <finalName>gugua5</finalName>

  </build>

</project>

重点是此段代码：

<build>

  <!-- javaConfig配置 -->

  	<pluginManagement>

  		<plugins>

  			<plugin>

  				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

  				<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>

  				<version>2.6</version>

  				<configuration>

  					<!-- jsp目录 -->

  					<warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>

  					<warName>gugua5</warName>

  					<!-- 取消xml配置：web.xml -->

  					<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>

  				</configuration>

  			</plugin>

  		</plugins>

  	</pluginManagement>

    <finalName>gugua5</finalName>

  </build>

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