Widows下利用OpenSSL生成证书

1.下载OpenSSL的windows版本

32位：openssl-1.0.2a-i386-win32.zip

64位：openssl-1.0.2a-x64_86-win64.zip

下载之后解压即可使用，不过软件缺少配置文件

2.建立配置文件

在解压后的目录, 即openssl.exe所在目录新建配置文件，名为openssl-1.0.2a.cnf，内容如下

# For use with easy-rsa version 2.0 and OpenSSL 1.0.0*

# This definition stops the following lines choking if HOME isn't
# defined.
HOME            = .
RANDFILE        = $ENV::HOME/.rnd
openssl_conf        = openssl_init

[ openssl_init ]
# Extra OBJECT IDENTIFIER info:
#oid_file        = $ENV::HOME/.oid
oid_section        = new_oids
engines            = engine_section

# To use this configuration file with the "-extfile" option of the
# "openssl x509" utility, name here the section containing the
# X.509v3 extensions to use:
# extensions        =
# (Alternatively, use a configuration file that has only
# X.509v3 extensions in its main [= default] section.)

[ new_oids ]

# We can add new OIDs in here for use by 'ca' and 'req'.
# Add a simple OID like this:
# testoid1=1.2.3.4
# Or use config file substitution like this:
# testoid2=${testoid1}.5.6

####################################################################
[ ca ]
default_ca    = CA_default        # The default ca section

####################################################################
[ CA_default ]

dir        = $ENV::KEY_DIR        # Where everything is kept
certs        = $dir            # Where the issued certs are kept
crl_dir        = $dir            # Where the issued crl are kept
database    = $dir/index.txt    # database index file.
new_certs_dir    = $dir            # default place for new certs.

certificate    = $dir/ca.crt         # The CA certificate
serial        = $dir/serial         # The current serial number
crl        = $dir/crl.pem         # The current CRL
private_key    = $dir/ca.key        # The private key
RANDFILE    = $dir/.rand        # private random number file

x509_extensions    = usr_cert        # The extentions to add to the cert

# Extensions to add to a CRL. Note: Netscape communicator chokes on V2 CRLs
# so this is commented out by default to leave a V1 CRL.
# crl_extensions    = crl_ext

default_days    = 3650            # how long to certify for
default_crl_days= 30            # how long before next CRL
default_md    = md5            # use public key default MD
preserve    = no            # keep passed DN ordering

# A few difference way of specifying how similar the request should look
# For type CA, the listed attributes must be the same, and the optional
# and supplied fields are just that :-)
policy        = policy_anything

# For the CA policy
[ policy_match ]
countryName        = match
stateOrProvinceName    = match
organizationName    = match
organizationalUnitName    = optional
commonName        = supplied
name            = optional
emailAddress        = optional

# For the 'anything' policy
# At this point in time, you must list all acceptable 'object'
# types.
[ policy_anything ]
countryName        = optional
stateOrProvinceName    = optional
localityName        = optional
organizationName    = optional
organizationalUnitName    = optional
commonName        = supplied
name            = optional
emailAddress        = optional

####################################################################
[ req ]
default_bits        = 1024
default_keyfile     = privkey.pem
distinguished_name    = req_distinguished_name
attributes        = req_attributes
x509_extensions    = v3_ca    # The extentions to add to the self signed cert

# Passwords for private keys if not present they will be prompted for
# input_password = secret
# output_password = secret

# This sets a mask for permitted string types. There are several options.
# default: PrintableString, T61String, BMPString.
# pkix     : PrintableString, BMPString (PKIX recommendation after 2004).
# utf8only: only UTF8Strings (PKIX recommendation after 2004).
# nombstr : PrintableString, T61String (no BMPStrings or UTF8Strings).
# MASK:XXXX a literal mask value.
string_mask = nombstr

# req_extensions = v3_req # The extensions to add to a certificate request

[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName            = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default        = CN
countryName_min            = 2
countryName_max            = 2

stateOrProvinceName        = State or Province Name (full name)
stateOrProvinceName_default    = LiaoNing

localityName            = Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default        = DaLian

0.organizationName        = Organization Name (eg, company)
0.organizationName_default    = KEY_ORG

# we can do this but it is not needed normally :-)
#1.organizationName        = Second Organization Name (eg, company)
#1.organizationName_default    = World Wide Web Pty Ltd

organizationalUnitName        = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)
#organizationalUnitName_default    =

commonName            = Common Name (eg, your name or your server\'s hostname)
commonName_max            = 64

name                = Name
name_max            = 64

emailAddress            = Email Address
emailAddress_default        = mail@host.domain
emailAddress_max        = 40

# JY -- added for batch mode
organizationalUnitName_default = KEY_OU
commonName_default = KEY_CN
name_default = KEY_NAME

# SET-ex3            = SET extension number 3

[ req_attributes ]
challengePassword        = A challenge password
challengePassword_min        = 4
challengePassword_max        = 20

unstructuredName        = An optional company name

[ usr_cert ]

# These extensions are added when 'ca' signs a request.

# This goes against PKIX guidelines but some CAs do it and some software
# requires this to avoid interpreting an end user certificate as a CA.

basicConstraints=CA:FALSE

# Here are some examples of the usage of nsCertType. If it is omitted
# the certificate can be used for anything *except* object signing.

# This is OK for an SSL server.
# nsCertType            = server

# For an object signing certificate this would be used.
# nsCertType = objsign

# For normal client use this is typical
# nsCertType = client, email

# and for everything including object signing:
# nsCertType = client, email, objsign

# This is typical in keyUsage for a client certificate.
# keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment

# This will be displayed in Netscape's comment listbox.
nsComment            = "Easy-RSA Generated Certificate"

# PKIX recommendations harmless if included in all certificates.
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer:always
extendedKeyUsage=clientAuth
keyUsage = digitalSignature

# This stuff is for subjectAltName and issuerAltname.
# Import the email address.
# subjectAltName=email:copy

# Copy subject details
# issuerAltName=issuer:copy

#nsCaRevocationUrl        = http://www.domain.dom/ca-crl.pem
#nsBaseUrl
#nsRevocationUrl
#nsRenewalUrl
#nsCaPolicyUrl
#nsSslServerName

[ server ]

# JY ADDED -- Make a cert with nsCertType set to "server"
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
nsCertType                     = server
nsComment                      = "Easy-RSA Generated Server Certificate"
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer:always
extendedKeyUsage=serverAuth
keyUsage = digitalSignature, keyEncipherment

[ v3_req ]

# Extensions to add to a certificate request

basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment

[ v3_ca ]

# Extensions for a typical CA

# PKIX recommendation.

subjectKeyIdentifier=hash

authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer:always

# This is what PKIX recommends but some broken software chokes on critical
# extensions.
#basicConstraints = critical,CA:true
# So we do this instead.
basicConstraints = CA:true

# Key usage: this is typical for a CA certificate. However since it will
# prevent it being used as an test self-signed certificate it is best
# left out by default.
# keyUsage = cRLSign, keyCertSign

# Some might want this also
# nsCertType = sslCA, emailCA

# Include email address in subject alt name: another PKIX recommendation
# subjectAltName=email:copy
# Copy issuer details
# issuerAltName=issuer:copy

# DER hex encoding of an extension: beware experts only!
# obj=DER:02:03
# Where 'obj' is a standard or added object
# You can even override a supported extension:
# basicConstraints= critical, DER:30:03:01:01:FF

[ crl_ext ]

# CRL extensions.
# Only issuerAltName and authorityKeyIdentifier make any sense in a CRL.

# issuerAltName=issuer:copy
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer:always

[ engine_section ]
#
# If you are using PKCS#11
# Install engine_pkcs11 of opensc (www.opensc.org)
# And uncomment the following
# verify that dynamic_path points to the correct location
#
#pkcs11 = pkcs11_section

[ pkcs11_section ]
engine_id = pkcs11
dynamic_path = /usr/lib/engines/engine_pkcs11.so
MODULE_PATH = changeme
PIN = 1234
init = 0

3.初始化一些参数

cmd切换到openssl目录，执行以下初始化内容

初始化内容包括，建立keys文件夹，生成index.txt空文本文件，生成serial文件内容为01

rmdir /s /q keys
mkdir keys
copy /Y nul keys\index.txt
echo 01 >keys\serial
SET HOME=.
SET KEY_DIR=keys

4.生成ca证书

这一步生成了2个文件：ca.key为CA的私钥文件，ca.crt为CA的证书文件，这两个文件后面的证书签名做准备

openssl req -days 3650 -nodes -new -x509 -keyout keys\ca.key -out keys\ca.crt -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf

5.生成服务端证书

生成服务器证书请求文件和服务器私钥

openssl req -days 3650 -nodes -new -keyout keys\server.key -out keys\server.csr -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf

CA签名

openssl ca -days 3650 -out keys\server.crt -in keys\server.csr -extensions server -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf

清除.old文件防止将来创建文件出现错误

del /q keys\*.old

6.生成客户端证书

生成客户端证书请求文件和客户端私钥

openssl req -days 3650 -nodes -new -keyout keys\client.key -out keys\client.csr -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf

CA签名

openssl ca -days 3650 -out keys\client.crt -in keys\client.csr -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf

清除.old文件防止将来创建文件出现错误

del /q keys\*.old

生成的证书文件都在keys文件夹中

笔者生成的证书下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/gsls200808/8697633