C#文件加密解密

加密后内容

代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace FileEncryption
{
    public partial class frmMain : Form
    {
        public frmMain()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        string root = Application.StartupPath;
        string inFile, outFile;

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            inFile = root + @"\test.txt";
            outFile = root + @"\test.txt.加密文件";
            EncryptFile(inFile, outFile, password);//加密文件
            File.Delete(inFile);
            MessageBox.Show("加密成功");
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            inFile = root + @"\test.txt.加密文件";
            outFile = root + @"\test.txt";
            DecryptFile(inFile, outFile, password);//解密文件
            File.Delete(inFile);
            MessageBox.Show("解密成功");
        }

        string password = "test@2023";

        private const ulong FC_TAG = 0xFC010203040506CF;

        private const int BUFFER_SIZE = 128 * 1024;

        /// <summary>
        /// 加密文件随机数生成
        /// </summary>
        private RandomNumberGenerator rand = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();

        /// <summary>
        /// 异常处理类
        /// </summary>
        public class CryptoHelpException : ApplicationException
        {
            public CryptoHelpException(string msg) : base(msg) { }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 生成指定长度的随机Byte数组
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="count">Byte数组长度</param>
        /// <returns>随机Byte数组</returns>
        private byte[] GenerateRandomBytes(int count)
        {
            byte[] bytes = new byte[count];
            rand.GetBytes(bytes);
            return bytes;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 检验两个Byte数组是否相同
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="b1">Byte数组</param>
        /// <param name="b2">Byte数组</param>
        /// <returns>true－相等</returns>
        private bool CheckByteArrays(byte[] b1, byte[] b2)
        {
            if (b1.Length == b2.Length)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < b1.Length; ++i)
                {
                    if (b1[i] != b2[i])
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 创建加密对象以执行Rijndael算法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="password">密码</param>
        /// <param name="salt"></param>
        /// <returns>加密对象</returns>
        private SymmetricAlgorithm CreateRijndael(string password, byte[] salt)
        {
            PasswordDeriveBytes pdb = new PasswordDeriveBytes(password, salt, "SHA256", 1000);
            SymmetricAlgorithm sma = Rijndael.Create();
            sma.KeySize = 256;
            sma.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
            sma.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
            return sma;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 加密文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inFile">待加密文件</param>
        /// <param name="outFile">加密后输入文件</param>
        /// <param name="password">加密密码</param>
        public void EncryptFile(string inFile, string outFile, string password)
        {
            using (FileStream fin = File.OpenRead(inFile),
                fout = File.OpenWrite(outFile))
            {
                long lSize = fin.Length; // 输入文件长度
                int size = (int)lSize;
                byte[] bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE]; // 缓存
                int read = -1; // 输入文件读取数量
                int value = 0;

                // 获取IV和salt
                byte[] IV = GenerateRandomBytes(16);
                byte[] salt = GenerateRandomBytes(16);

                // 创建加密对象
                SymmetricAlgorithm sma = CreateRijndael(password, salt);
                sma.IV = IV;

                // 在输出文件开始部分写入IV和salt
                fout.Write(IV, 0, IV.Length);
                fout.Write(salt, 0, salt.Length);

                // 创建散列加密
                HashAlgorithm hasher = SHA256.Create();
                using (CryptoStream cout = new CryptoStream(fout, sma.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write),
                    chash = new CryptoStream(Stream.Null, hasher, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
                {
                    BinaryWriter bw = new BinaryWriter(cout);
                    bw.Write(lSize);

                    bw.Write(FC_TAG);

                    // 读写字节块到加密流缓冲区
                    while ((read = fin.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) != 0)
                    {
                        cout.Write(bytes, 0, read);
                        chash.Write(bytes, 0, read);
                        value += read;
                    }
                    // 关闭加密流
                    chash.Flush();
                    chash.Close();

                    // 读取散列
                    byte[] hash = hasher.Hash;

                    // 输入文件写入散列
                    cout.Write(hash, 0, hash.Length);

                    // 关闭文件流
                    cout.Flush();
                    cout.Close();
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 解密文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inFile">待解密文件</param>
        /// <param name="outFile">解密后输出文件</param>
        /// <param name="password">解密密码</param>
        public void DecryptFile(string inFile, string outFile, string password)
        {
            // 创建打开文件流
            using (FileStream fin = File.OpenRead(inFile),
                fout = File.OpenWrite(outFile))
            {
                int size = (int)fin.Length;
                byte[] bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
                int read = -1;
                int value = 0;
                int outValue = 0;

                byte[] IV = new byte[16];
                fin.Read(IV, 0, 16);
                byte[] salt = new byte[16];
                fin.Read(salt, 0, 16);

                SymmetricAlgorithm sma = CreateRijndael(password, salt);
                sma.IV = IV;

                value = 32;
                long lSize = -1;

                // 创建散列对象, 校验文件
                HashAlgorithm hasher = SHA256.Create();

                using (CryptoStream cin = new CryptoStream(fin, sma.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Read),
                    chash = new CryptoStream(Stream.Null, hasher, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
                {
                    // 读取文件长度
                    BinaryReader br = new BinaryReader(cin);
                    lSize = br.ReadInt64();
                    ulong tag = br.ReadUInt64();

                    if (FC_TAG != tag)
                        throw new CryptoHelpException("文件被破坏");

                    long numReads = lSize / BUFFER_SIZE;

                    long slack = (long)lSize % BUFFER_SIZE;

                    for (int i = 0; i < numReads; ++i)
                    {
                        read = cin.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
                        fout.Write(bytes, 0, read);
                        chash.Write(bytes, 0, read);
                        value += read;
                        outValue += read;
                    }

                    if (slack > 0)
                    {
                        read = cin.Read(bytes, 0, (int)slack);
                        fout.Write(bytes, 0, read);
                        chash.Write(bytes, 0, read);
                        value += read;
                        outValue += read;
                    }

                    chash.Flush();
                    chash.Close();

                    fout.Flush();
                    fout.Close();

                    byte[] curHash = hasher.Hash;

                    // 获取比较和旧的散列对象
                    byte[] oldHash = new byte[hasher.HashSize / 8];
                    read = cin.Read(oldHash, 0, oldHash.Length);
                    if ((oldHash.Length != read) || (!CheckByteArrays(oldHash, curHash)))
                        throw new CryptoHelpException("文件被破坏");
                }

                if (outValue != lSize)
                    throw new CryptoHelpException("文件大小不匹配");
            }
        }

    }
}

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