《汇编语言 基于x86处理器》第十章结构和宏部分的代码

▶ 书中第十章的程序，主要讲了结构与宏的使用

● 代码，使用结构，对比是否对齐的性能差距

 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc
 INCLUDE macros.inc

 structN STRUCT                      ; 非对齐的结构
     Lastname BYTE  DUP()         ;
     Years    WORD                  ;
     SalaryHistory DWORD , , ,   ;
 structN ENDS                        ; 48 Byte

 structA STRUCT                      ; 对齐的结构
     Lastname BYTE  DUP()         ;
     ALIGN    WORD                   ; +2
     Years    WORD                  ;
     ALIGN    DWORD                  ; +2
     SalaryHistory DWORD , , ,   ;
 structA ENDS                        ; 52 Byte

 .data
 ALIGN DWORD                         ; 对齐到双字
 startTime DWORD ?
 empBad structN <>
 emp structA <>

 .code
 main PROC
     call    GetMSeconds
     mov     startTime, eax
     mov     ecx, 0FFFFFFFFh
 L1:
     mov     empBad.Years,
     mov     empBad.SalaryHistory,
     loop    L1

     call    GetMSeconds
     sub     eax, startTime
     mWrite  "Time without align: "
     call    WriteDec
     call    Crlf

     call    GetMSeconds
     mov     startTime, eax
     mov     ecx, 0FFFFFFFFh
 L2:
     mov     emp.Years,
     mov     emp.SalaryHistory,
     loop    L2

     call    GetMSeconds        ; get starting time
     sub     eax, startTime
     mWrite  "Time with align: "
     call    WriteDec            ; display elapsed time
     call    Crlf

     call    WaitMsg
     exit
 main ENDP

 END main

■ 输出结果，反复测试，时间差大概在 70 ms 左右

Time without align:
Time with align: 

● 调用 win32 API 显示时间，并放到终端中的指定位置

 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc

 COMMENT !
 SmallWin.inc 中关于结构 COORD 和 SYSTEMTIME 的定义
 COORD STRUCT
   X     WORD ?
   Y     WORD ?
 COORD ENDS

 SYSTEMTIME STRUCT
     wYear           WORD ?
     wMonth          WORD ?
     wDayOfWeek      WORD ?
     wDay            WORD ?
     wHour           WORD ?
     wMinute         WORD ?
     wSecond         WORD ?
     wMilliseconds   WORD ?
 SYSTEMTIME ENDS
 !

 .data
 sysTime SYSTEMTIME <>
 XYPos   COORD <, >
 consoleHandle DWORD ?
 colonStr BYTE ":",
 TheTimeIs BYTE "The time is ", 

 .code
 main PROC
     INVOKE  GetStdHandle, STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE  ; 获取标准输出句柄，返回值在 eax，转入变量 consoleHandle
     mov     consoleHandle, eax

     INVOKE  SetConsoleCursorPosition,  consoleHandle,  XYPos ; 设置终端光标位置

     INVOKE  GetLocalTime, ADDR sysTime                       ; 获取当前时间

     movzx   eax, sysTime.wHour          ; 小时
     call    WriteDec
     mov     edx, offset colonStr        ; ":"
     call    WriteString
     movzx   eax, sysTime.wMinute        ; 分钟
     call    WriteDec
     call    WriteString                 ; ":"
     movzx   eax, sysTime.wSecond        ; 秒
     call    WriteDec

     call    Crlf
     call    WaitMsg
     exit
 main ENDP

 END main

● 使用宏包装以后的汇编 Wraps.asm，主要展示了 Macros.inc 的作用

 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc
 INCLUDE Macros.inc

 .data
 array DWORD , , , , , , ,
 string1 BYTE  DUP(?)
 string2  BYTE  DUP(?)

 .code
 main PROC
     mGotoxy ,                                         ; 调整终端光标位置，并输出指定字符串
     mWrite <"Macro Program sample:", 0dh, 0ah>

     mGotoxy ,
     mWrite <"Go to Row 5, col 0.", 0dh, 0ah>
     call Crlf

     mWrite "Input string 1: "                           ; 输入两个字符串，然后一并输出
     mReadString string1
     call Crlf

     mWrite "Input string 2:"
     mReadString string2
     call Crlf

     mWrite "Output the strings:"
     mWriteString string1
     mWriteSpace
     mWriteString string2
     call Crlf

     mDumpMem OFFSET array, LENGTHOF array,  TYPE array  ; 输出数组

     call waitmsg
     exit
 main ENDP

 END main

● 代码，使用 WHILE 伪指令在编译阶段进行计算

 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc

 .data
 val1  =                ; 先给三个常量，然后再定义成变量
 val2  =
 val3 = val1 + val2
 DWORD val1
 DWORD val2
 DWORD val3

 WHILE val3 LT 00010000h ; 使用 WHILE 在编辑阶段进行展开和计算
     val1 = val2
     val2 = val3
     val3 = val1 + val2
 ENDM

 .code
 main PROC
     mov     eax, val3   ; 结果放进 eax 用于输出
     call    WriteDec
     call    crlf
     call    WaitMsg
     exit
 main ENDP

 END main

● 代码，使用 REPEAT 生成单链表

 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc

 ListNode STRUCT                                 ; 链表节点结构
   NodeData DWORD ?
   NextPtr  DWORD ?
 ListNode ENDS

 TotalNodeCount =
 NULL =
 Counter = 

 .data
 LinkedList LABEL PTR ListNode
 REPT TotalNodeCount
     Counter = Counter +
     ListNode <Counter,  ($ + Counter * SIZEOF ListNode)>    ; 设置 next 指针要计算偏移量
     ;ListNode <Counter,  ($ + SIZEOF ListNode)>             ; 没有偏移量，next 指针指向自身，错误
 ENDM
 ListNode <, >                                 ; 尾节点

 .code
 main PROC
     mov     esi, OFFSET LinkedList

 NextNode:                                       ; 打印链表
     mov     eax, (ListNode PTR [esi]).NextPtr   ; 检测是否是尾节点
     cmp     eax, NULL                           ; next 指针为空，说明已经到尾部了
     je      quit

     mov     eax, (ListNode PTR [esi]).NodeData  ; 打印节点保存的值
     call    WriteDec
     call    Crlf

     mov     esi, (ListNode PTR [esi]).NextPtr   ; 移向下一节点
     jmp     NextNode

 quit:
     call    WaitMsg
     exit
 main ENDP

 END main