CMDB资产管理系统开发【day25】:Django 自定义用户认证

官方文档：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/auth/customizing/#substituting-a-custom-user-model

Django 自带的用户认证系统已经可以满足大部分的情况，但也可以进行自定义来满足某些特定的需求。
Django 支持使用其他的认证系统、也可以扩展Django的User模块，还可以完全自定义新的认证模块。

定义用户认证模块，定义用户表的各个字段信息。

写在单独的文件中(官方是写在models.py文件中，所以后边要在models.py导入该文件)

# custom_auth.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import (
    BaseUserManager, AbstractBaseUser
)

class MyUserManager(BaseUserManager):   # 定义创建登录用户和超级用户时需要的字段
    def create_user(self, email, name, password=None):
        """
        Creates and saves a User with the given email, date of
        birth and password.
        """
        if not email:
            raise ValueError('Users must have an email address')

        user = self.model(
            email=self.normalize_email(email),
            name=name,
        )

        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

    def create_superuser(self, email, name, password):
        """
        Creates and saves a superuser with the given email, date of
        birth and password.
        """
        user = self.create_user(
            email,
            password=password,
            name=name,
        )
        user.is_admin = True
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

class MyUser(AbstractBaseUser): # 定义自己的用户表
    email = models.EmailField(
        verbose_name='email address',
        max_length=255,
        unique=True,
    )
    name = models.DateField()
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    objects = MyUserManager()

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'    # 定义使用哪个字段作为用户名来登录
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['name']  # 不能为空的字段

    def get_full_name(self):
        # The user is identified by their email address
        return self.email

    def get_short_name(self):
        # The user is identified by their email address
        return self.email

    def __str__(self):              # __unicode__ on Python 2
        return self.email

    def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
        "Does the user have a specific permission?"
        # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
        return True

    def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
        "Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"
        # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
        return True

    @property
    def is_staff(self):
        "Is the user a member of staff?"
        # Simplest possible answer: All admins are staff
        return self.is_admin

settings.py中添加AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'myapp.MyUser'

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'myapp.MyUser'

如果要使用自定义的认证，必须在settings.py中指定使用的用户表。

在models.py文件中导入自定义的认证模块

# models.py
from custom_auth import UserProfile

生成数据库

$ python manage.py makemigrations
$ python manage.py migrate 

创建登录用户

$ python manage.py createsuperuser

Admin 的控制台

在admin.py中导入UserProfile

from django.contrib import admin
import models
from custom_auth import UserProfile

admin.site.register(models.UserProfile)

这时，登录后台，就可以看到用户表。

问题，登录后台时，发现用户的密码是明文显示的MD5值，而且创建了新用户，密码未进行加密处理，无法登录。

使用Django的管理员注册此自定义用户模型

在admin.py 文件中

from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField

from customauth.models import MyUser

class UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
    """A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
    fields, plus a repeated password."""
    password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
    password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password confirmation', widget=forms.PasswordInput)

    class Meta:
        model = MyUser
        fields = ('email', 'name')

    def clean_password2(self):
        # Check that the two password entries match
        password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
        password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
        if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
        return password2

    def save(self, commit=True):
        # Save the provided password in hashed format
        user = super(UserCreationForm, self).save(commit=False)
        user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])
        if commit:
            user.save()
        return user

class UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
    """A form for updating users. Includes all the fields on
    the user, but replaces the password field with admin's
    password hash display field.
    """
    password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()

    class Meta:
        model = MyUser
        fields = ('email', 'password', 'name', 'is_active', 'is_admin')

    def clean_password(self):
        # Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value.
        # This is done here, rather than on the field, because the
        # field does not have access to the initial value
        return self.initial["password"]

class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
    # The forms to add and change user instances
    form = UserChangeForm
    add_form = UserCreationForm

    # The fields to be used in displaying the User model.
    # These override the definitions on the base UserAdmin
    # that reference specific fields on auth.User.
    list_display = ('email', 'name', 'is_admin')
    list_filter = ('is_admin',)
    fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('email', 'password')}),
        ('Personal info', {'fields': ('name',)}),
        ('Permissions', {'fields': ('is_admin',)}),
    )
    # add_fieldsets is not a standard ModelAdmin attribute. UserAdmin
    # overrides get_fieldsets to use this attribute when creating a user.
    add_fieldsets = (
        (None, {
            'classes': ('wide',),
            'fields': ('email', 'name', 'password1', 'password2')}
        ),
    )
    search_fields = ('email',)
    ordering = ('email',)
    filter_horizontal = ()

# Now register the new UserAdmin...
admin.site.register(MyUser, UserAdmin)
# ... and, since we're not using Django's built-in permissions,
# unregister the Group model from admin.
admin.site.unregister(Group)