浅谈scrapy框架安装使用

Scrapy笔记: 一 安装:

1. pip3 install wheel

   1. pip3 install lxml

      1. pip3 install pyopenssl

      2. pip3 install -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ pypiwin32

      3. 下载文件(twisted): https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#twisted pip3 install 文件路径\Twisted-19.2.0-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl 6.pip3 install scrapy 7.scrapy 测试安装是否成功 Scrapy 1.6.0 - no active project ...

二 scrapy命令 全局(所有路径下都可以使用): bench Run quick benchmark test fetch Fetch a URL using the Scrapy downloader

      # 会把爬虫程序创建在当前目录下
      genspider     Generate new spider using pre-defined templates
​
      # 可以在当前目录下启动爬虫程序
      runspider     Run a self-contained spider (without creating a project)
​
      runspider 爬虫程序的绝对路径
​
      settings      Get settings values
      shell         Interactive scraping console
​
      # 创建scrapy项目
      startproject  Create new project
      version       Print Scrapy version
      view
​
局部(在scrapy项目中可以使用):
      bench         Run quick benchmark test
      # 监测语法
      check         Check spider contracts
      # 根据爬虫程序的name 启动爬虫程序
      crawl         Run a spider
​
      # ！！！！！！！重点使用它！！！！！！！
      scrapy crawl name
​
      edit          Edit spider
      fetch         Fetch a URL using the Scrapy downloader
      genspider     Generate new spider using pre-defined templates
      # 查看所有的爬虫程序
      list          List available spiders
​
      parse         Parse URL (using its spider) and print the results
​
      runspider     Run a self-contained spider (without creating a project)
​
      settings      Get settings values
      shell         Interactive scraping console
      startproject  Create new project
      version       Print Scrapy version
      view          Open URL in browser, as seen by Scrapy

三 创建scrapy项目 Django: # 创建项目 django-admin startproject P1 cd P1

    # 创建实例
    python3 manage.py app01
    python3 manage.py bbs

Scrapy:
    # 创建项目
    scrapy startproject spider_project
    cd spider_project
​
    # 创建爬虫程序
    scrapy genspider chouti chouti.com
​
    # 执行爬虫程序
    scrapy crawl chouti
​
    # 取消日志
    scrapy crawl --nolog chouti
​
settings：
    # 不遵循反爬协议
    ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

main.py
    from scrapy.cmdline import execute
    # execute(['scrapy', 'crawl', 'baidu'])
    execute("scrapy crawl --nolog chouti".split(' '))

main.py
    from scrapy.cmdline import execute
    # execute(['scrapy', 'crawl', 'baidu'])
    execute("scrapy crawl --nolog chouti".split(' '))

Spiders.chouti.py
​
    class ChoutiSpider(scrapy.Spider):
        def parse(self, response):
        def parse_user_index(self, response):

items.py
    # 新闻items类
    class SpiderNewListItem(scrapy.Item):
        # define the fields for your item here like:
        # 新闻链接
        new_url = scrapy.Field()
        # 新闻文本
        new_text = scrapy.Field()
        # 点赞数
        nice_num = scrapy.Field()
        # 新闻ID
        new_id = scrapy.Field()
        # 评论数
        commit_num = scrapy.Field()
        # 新闻详情
        new_content = scrapy.Field()
        # 发表新闻用户的主页
        user_link = scrapy.Field()

    # 新闻items类
    class SpiderUserListItem(scrapy.Item):
        # define the fields for your item here like:
        # 新闻链接
        new_url = scrapy.Field()
        # 新闻文本
        new_text = scrapy.Field()
        # 点赞数
        nice_num = scrapy.Field()
        # 新闻ID
        new_id = scrapy.Field()
        # 评论数
        commit_num = scrapy.Field()
        # 新闻详情
        new_content = scrapy.Field()
        # 用户名
        user_name = scrapy.Field()
​
pipelines.py
​
    class SpiderNewListPipeline(object):
        def __init__(self, ip, port, mongo_db):
            self.ip = ip
            self.port = port
            self.mongo_db = mongo_db

    # 必须配置才可以启动ITEM_PIPELINES
    ITEM_PIPELINES = {
       'spider_project.pipelines.SpiderNewListPipeline': 300,
       'spider_project.pipelines.SpiderUserListPipeline': 301,
    }
​
    # MongoDB配置信息
    IP = 'localhost'
    PORT = 27017
    DB = 'chouti'