TMS320F28335项目开发记录6_28335之cmd文件具体解释

1.CMD文件的作用

CMD文件的作用就像仓库的货物摆放记录一样，为程序代码和数据分配指定的空间。

2.C语言生成的段

C语言生成的段大致分为两大类：初始化和未初始化，已初始化的段含有真正的指令和数据，未初始化段仅仅是保留变量的地址空间。已初始化段通常放在程序空间，未初始化段通常放在数据空间。

已初始化段：

.text——C语言编译生成的汇编指令代码存放于此

.cinit——存放初始化的全局和静态变量

.const——字符串常量和const定义的全局和静态变量

.econst——字符串常量和far const定义的全局和静态变量

.print——全局构造器(C++)程序列表

.switch——存放switch语句产生的常数表格

以.const段为例：

const int a = 10;  //注意必须是全局的 假设声明为局部const初始化变量，不会放在.const段，局部变量都是执行时放在.bss段中
char * p = "ABC";
数组和结构体的初始值——是局部变量时。产生的是.const，假设是全局变量，产生的是.cinit

未初始化段：

.bss——为全局变量和局部变量保留的空间，程序上电时，.cinit空间中的数据复制出来并存放在.bss空间中

.ebss——为使用大寄存器模式时预留的全局和局部变量空间，程序上电时，.cinit空间中的数据复制出来并存放在.bss空间中

.stack——堆栈空间，主要用于函数传递变量或为局部变量分配空间

.system——为动态存储分配保留的空间(malloc)。假设有宏函数，此空间被占用

.esystem——为动态存储分配保留的空间(far malloc)。假设有far函数，此空间会被占用

3.自己定义段

上面的都是官方预先定义好的。我们能够定义自己的段么？能够。使用例如以下语句:

#pragma CODE_SECTION(symbol, "section name");
#pragma DATA_SECTION(symbol, "section name");

symbol——符号。能够是函数名/变量名

section name——自己定义的段名

CODE_SECTION用来定义代码段

DATA_SECTION用来定义数据段

注意：

不能再函数体内声明#pragma；

必须在符号被定义和使用之前声明#pragma

样例：

#pragma DATA_SECTION(data, "data_name");
char data[100];

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4.CMD文件

在DSP28335project文件中（不用BIOS产生CMD文件），手写CMD文件一般有两个，RAM里调试时用的两个CMD文件分别为DSP2833x_Headers_nonBIOS.cmd和28335_RAM_lnk.cmd，烧写到flash里时用的两个CMD文件分别为DSP2833x_Headers_nonBIOS.cmd和F28335.cmd，当中DSP2833x_Headers_nonBIOS.cmd文件能够在全部project文件中通用。主要作用是把外设寄存器产生的数据段映射到相应的存储空间，能够跟DSP2833x_GlobalVariableDefs.c文件对比一下看看。

在我的上一篇文章中也有提到。

事实上我们也不须要具体的知道怎样编写cmd文件，能够照着原有的改动就能够了。

以下是官方28335_RAM_lnk.cmd,普通情况下直接用TI给的，不须要做改动就可以满足调试用，模式较固定，当然你也能够做对应的改动用到哪块RAM存储空间。在CMD文件中做对应的分配就可以。

MEMORY
{
PAGE 0 :
   /* BEGIN is used for the "boot to SARAM" bootloader mode      */

   BEGIN      : origin = 0x000000, length = 0x000002     /* Boot to M0 will go here                      */
   RAMM0      : origin = 0x000050, length = 0x0003B0
   RAML0      : origin = 0x008000, length = 0x001000
   RAML1      : origin = 0x009000, length = 0x001000
   RAML2      : origin = 0x00A000, length = 0x001000
   RAML3      : origin = 0x00B000, length = 0x001000
   ZONE7A     : origin = 0x200000, length = 0x00FC00    /* XINTF zone 7 - program space */
   CSM_RSVD   : origin = 0x33FF80, length = 0x000076     /* Part of FLASHA.  Program with all 0x0000 when CSM is in use. */
   CSM_PWL    : origin = 0x33FFF8, length = 0x000008     /* Part of FLASHA.  CSM password locations in FLASHA            */
   ADC_CAL    : origin = 0x380080, length = 0x000009
   RESET      : origin = 0x3FFFC0, length = 0x000002
   IQTABLES   : origin = 0x3FE000, length = 0x000b50
   IQTABLES2  : origin = 0x3FEB50, length = 0x00008c
   FPUTABLES  : origin = 0x3FEBDC, length = 0x0006A0
   BOOTROM    : origin = 0x3FF27C, length = 0x000D44

PAGE 1 :
   /* BOOT_RSVD is used by the boot ROM for stack.               */
   /* This section is only reserved to keep the BOOT ROM from    */
   /* corrupting this area during the debug process              */

   BOOT_RSVD  : origin = 0x000002, length = 0x00004E     /* Part of M0, BOOT rom will use this for stack */
   RAMM1      : origin = 0x000400, length = 0x000400     /* on-chip RAM block M1 */
   RAML4      : origin = 0x00C000, length = 0x001000
   RAML5      : origin = 0x00D000, length = 0x001000
   RAML6      : origin = 0x00E000, length = 0x001000
   RAML7      : origin = 0x00F000, length = 0x001000
   ZONE7B     : origin = 0x20FC00, length = 0x000400     /* XINTF zone 7 - data space */
}

SECTIONS
{
   /* Setup for "boot to SARAM" mode:
      The codestart section (found in DSP28_CodeStartBranch.asm)
      re-directs execution to the start of user code.  */
   codestart        : > BEGIN,     PAGE = 0
   ramfuncs         : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   .text            : > RAML1,     PAGE = 0
   .cinit           : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   .pinit           : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   .switch          : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0

   .stack           : > RAMM1,     PAGE = 1
   .ebss            : > RAML4,     PAGE = 1
   .econst          : > RAML5,     PAGE = 1
   .esysmem         : > RAMM1,     PAGE = 1

   IQmath           : > RAML1,     PAGE = 0
   IQmathTables     : > IQTABLES,  PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD

   /* Uncomment the section below if calling the IQNexp() or IQexp()
      functions from the IQMath.lib library in order to utilize the
      relevant IQ Math table in Boot ROM (This saves space and Boot ROM
      is 1 wait-state). If this section is not uncommented, IQmathTables2
      will be loaded into other memory (SARAM, Flash, etc.) and will take
      up space, but 0 wait-state is possible.
   */
   /*
   IQmathTables2    : > IQTABLES2, PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD
   {

              IQmath.lib<IQNexpTable.obj> (IQmathTablesRam)

   }
   */

   FPUmathTables    : > FPUTABLES, PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD

   DMARAML4         : > RAML4,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML5         : > RAML5,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML6         : > RAML6,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML7         : > RAML7,     PAGE = 1

   ZONE7DATA        : > ZONE7B,    PAGE = 1

   .reset           : > RESET,     PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used                    */
   csm_rsvd         : > CSM_RSVD   PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used for SARAM examples */
   csmpasswds       : > CSM_PWL    PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used for SARAM examples */

   /* Allocate ADC_cal function (pre-programmed by factory into TI reserved memory) */
   .adc_cal     : load = ADC_CAL,   PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD

}

/*
//===========================================================================
// End of file.
//===========================================================================
*/

以下是官方F28335.cmd；

编写用于flash烧写的F28335.cmd文件时相对来说较复杂些，依据不同的情况须要做一些改动。

1 不须要把部分代码copy到RAM里，普通情况不须要外扩RAM等时直接用TI的F28335.cmd就可以。

2 须要把部分代码从flash 拷贝到RAM里，如延时函数DSP2833x_usDelay.asm等。这时CMD文件须要做对应的改动，详细參考博文：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_762cf5f80101asmq.html

3 从时间开销方面考虑，须要把整个程序从flash拷贝到RAM里，这时程序及CMD文件都要做对应的改动。详细參考博文http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_762cf5f80101apfx.html

MEMORY
{
PAGE 0:    /* Program Memory */
           /* Memory (RAM/FLASH/OTP) blocks can be moved to PAGE1 for data allocation */

   ZONE0       : origin = 0x004000, length = 0x001000     /* XINTF zone 0 */
   RAML0       : origin = 0x008000, length = 0x001000     /* on-chip RAM block L0 */
   RAML1       : origin = 0x009000, length = 0x001000     /* on-chip RAM block L1 */
   RAML2       : origin = 0x00A000, length = 0x001000     /* on-chip RAM block L2 */
   RAML3       : origin = 0x00B000, length = 0x001000     /* on-chip RAM block L3 */
   ZONE6       : origin = 0x0100000, length = 0x100000    /* XINTF zone 6 */
   ZONE7A      : origin = 0x0200000, length = 0x00FC00    /* XINTF zone 7 - program space */
   FLASHH      : origin = 0x300000, length = 0x008000     /* on-chip FLASH */
   FLASHG      : origin = 0x308000, length = 0x008000     /* on-chip FLASH */
   FLASHF      : origin = 0x310000, length = 0x008000     /* on-chip FLASH */
   FLASHE      : origin = 0x318000, length = 0x008000     /* on-chip FLASH */
   FLASHD      : origin = 0x320000, length = 0x008000     /* on-chip FLASH */
   FLASHC      : origin = 0x328000, length = 0x008000     /* on-chip FLASH */
   FLASHA      : origin = 0x338000, length = 0x007F80     /* on-chip FLASH */
   CSM_RSVD    : origin = 0x33FF80, length = 0x000076     /* Part of FLASHA.  Program with all 0x0000 when CSM is in use. */
   BEGIN       : origin = 0x33FFF6, length = 0x000002     /* Part of FLASHA.  Used for "boot to Flash" bootloader mode. */
   CSM_PWL     : origin = 0x33FFF8, length = 0x000008     /* Part of FLASHA.  CSM password locations in FLASHA */
   OTP         : origin = 0x380400, length = 0x000400     /* on-chip OTP */
   ADC_CAL     : origin = 0x380080, length = 0x000009     /* ADC_cal function in Reserved memory */

   IQTABLES    : origin = 0x3FE000, length = 0x000b50     /* IQ Math Tables in Boot ROM */
   IQTABLES2   : origin = 0x3FEB50, length = 0x00008c     /* IQ Math Tables in Boot ROM */
   FPUTABLES   : origin = 0x3FEBDC, length = 0x0006A0     /* FPU Tables in Boot ROM */
   ROM         : origin = 0x3FF27C, length = 0x000D44     /* Boot ROM */
   RESET       : origin = 0x3FFFC0, length = 0x000002     /* part of boot ROM  */
   VECTORS     : origin = 0x3FFFC2, length = 0x00003E     /* part of boot ROM  */

PAGE 1 :   /* Data Memory */
           /* Memory (RAM/FLASH/OTP) blocks can be moved to PAGE0 for program allocation */
           /* Registers remain on PAGE1                                                  */

   BOOT_RSVD   : origin = 0x000000, length = 0x000050     /* Part of M0, BOOT rom will use this for stack */
   RAMM0       : origin = 0x000050, length = 0x0003B0     /* on-chip RAM block M0 */
   RAMM1       : origin = 0x000400, length = 0x000400     /* on-chip RAM block M1 */
   RAML4       : origin = 0x00C000, length = 0x001000     /* on-chip RAM block L1 */
   RAML5       : origin = 0x00D000, length = 0x001000     /* on-chip RAM block L1 */
   RAML6       : origin = 0x00E000, length = 0x001000     /* on-chip RAM block L1 */
   RAML7       : origin = 0x00F000, length = 0x001000     /* on-chip RAM block L1 */
   ZONE7B      : origin = 0x20FC00, length = 0x000400     /* XINTF zone 7 - data space */
   FLASHB      : origin = 0x330000, length = 0x008000     /* on-chip FLASH */
}

/* Allocate sections to memory blocks.
   Note:
         codestart user defined section in DSP28_CodeStartBranch.asm used to redirect code
                   execution when booting to flash
         ramfuncs  user defined section to store functions that will be copied from Flash into RAM
*/ 

SECTIONS
{

   /* Allocate program areas: */
   .cinit              : > FLASHA      PAGE = 0
   .pinit              : > FLASHA,     PAGE = 0
   .text               : > FLASHA      PAGE = 0
   codestart           : > BEGIN       PAGE = 0
   ramfuncs            : LOAD = FLASHD,
                         RUN = RAML0,
                         LOAD_START(_RamfuncsLoadStart),
                         LOAD_END(_RamfuncsLoadEnd),
                         RUN_START(_RamfuncsRunStart),
                         PAGE = 0

   csmpasswds          : > CSM_PWL     PAGE = 0
   csm_rsvd            : > CSM_RSVD    PAGE = 0

   /* Allocate uninitalized data sections: */
   .stack              : > RAMM1       PAGE = 1
   .ebss               : > RAML4       PAGE = 1
   .esysmem            : > RAMM1       PAGE = 1

   /* Initalized sections go in Flash */
   /* For SDFlash to program these, they must be allocated to page 0 */
   .econst             : > FLASHA      PAGE = 0
   .switch             : > FLASHA      PAGE = 0      

   /* Allocate IQ math areas: */
   IQmath              : > FLASHC      PAGE = 0                  /* Math Code */
   IQmathTables     : > IQTABLES,  PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD 

   /* Uncomment the section below if calling the IQNexp() or IQexp()
      functions from the IQMath.lib library in order to utilize the
      relevant IQ Math table in Boot ROM (This saves space and Boot ROM
      is 1 wait-state). If this section is not uncommented, IQmathTables2
      will be loaded into other memory (SARAM, Flash, etc.) and will take
      up space, but 0 wait-state is possible.
   */
   /*
   IQmathTables2    : > IQTABLES2, PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD
   {

              IQmath.lib<IQNexpTable.obj> (IQmathTablesRam)

   }
   */

   FPUmathTables    : > FPUTABLES, PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD 

   /* Allocate DMA-accessible RAM sections: */
   DMARAML4         : > RAML4,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML5         : > RAML5,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML6         : > RAML6,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML7         : > RAML7,     PAGE = 1

   /* Allocate 0x400 of XINTF Zone 7 to storing data */
   ZONE7DATA        : > ZONE7B,    PAGE = 1

   /* .reset is a standard section used by the compiler.  It contains the */
   /* the address of the start of _c_int00 for C Code.   /*
   /* When using the boot ROM this section and the CPU vector */
   /* table is not needed.  Thus the default type is set here to  */
   /* DSECT  */
   .reset              : > RESET,      PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT
   vectors             : > VECTORS     PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT

   /* Allocate ADC_cal function (pre-programmed by factory into TI reserved memory) */
   .adc_cal     : load = ADC_CAL,   PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD

}

/*
//===========================================================================
// End of file.
//===========================================================================
*/

详细的project实例。以后会给出；