SpringMVC学习（一）：搭建SpringMVC-注解-非注解

文章参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/Sinte-Beuve/p/5730553.html

一、环境搭建：

目录结构：

引用的JAR包：

如果是Maven搭建的话pom.xml配置依赖如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.yoki.edu</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringMvcTest</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>SpringMvcTest Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <!--项目依赖 -->
    <dependencies>
        <!--日志包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--j2ee相关包 servlet、jsp、jstl-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mysql驱动包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.35</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--spring相关包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--其他需要的包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>SpringMvcTest</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

二、代码的编写：

web.xml文件的配置：

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
    <!--配置首页-->
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <!--配置springmvc DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <!--指定SpringMVC的配置文件，如果不配置这一项默认为"[servlet-name]-servlet.xml"-->
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

spring-mvc.xml文件的配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--启用spring的一些annotation -->
    <context:annotation-config/>

    <!-- 配置注解驱动 可以将request参数与绑定到controller参数上 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 自动扫描该包，使SpringMVC认为包下用了@controller注解的类是控制器 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="org.yoki.edu">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!--HandlerMapping 无需配置，springmvc可以默认启动-->

    <!--静态资源映射-->
    <!--本项目把静态资源放在了WEB-INF的statics目录下，资源映射如下-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/css/"/>-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/js/"/>-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/image/"/>-->

    <!--但是项目部署到linux下发现WEB-INF的静态资源会出现无法解析的情况，但是本地tomcat访问正常，因此建议还是直接把静态资源放在webapp的statics下，映射配置如下-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/statics/css/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/statics/js/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/statics/image/"/>

    <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，即在模型视图名称添加前后缀(如果最后一个还是表示文件夹,则最后的斜杠不要漏了) 使用JSP-->
    <!-- 默认的视图解析器 在上边的解析错误时使用 (默认使用html)- -->
    <bean id="defaultViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/><!--设置JSP文件的目录位置-->
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- springmvc文件上传需要配置的节点-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="20971500"/>
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    <property name="resolveLazily" value="true"/>
    </bean>

    <!--非注解方式配置Controller-->
    <!-- MVC 配置 -->
    <bean id="noAnnocationController" class="org.yoki.edu.controller.NoAnnocationController">
        <!-- <property name="commandClass">
            <value>com.vo.User</value>
        </property>     -->
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
        <property name="mappings">
            <props>
                <prop key="noAnnocation">noAnnocationController</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

配置log4j.properties：

日志文件是debug中一个必不可少的工具，因此添加了log4j日志包。配置文件如下。

#配置根Logger 后面是若干个Appender
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,A1,R
#log4j.rootLogger=INFO,A1,R

# ConsoleAppender 输出
log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} [%c]-[%p] %m%n

# File 输出 一天一个文件,输出路径可以定制,一般在根路径下
log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.R.File=log.txt
log4j.appender.R.MaxFileSize=500KB
log4j.appender.R.MaxBackupIndex=
log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n

Controller层AnnocationController.java文件的编写：

package org.yoki.edu.controller;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * Created by SunnyWen on 2017/6/3.
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/annocation")
public class AnnocationController {

    //添加一个日志器
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AnnocationController.class);

    //映射一个action
    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public  String index(){
        //输出日志文件
        logger.info("the first jsp pages");
        //返回一个index.jsp这个视图
        return "index_annocation";
    }

}

Controller层NoAnnocationController.java文件的编写：

package org.yoki.edu.controller;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Created by SunnyWen on 2017/6/3.
 */
public class NoAnnocationController implements Controller {

    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
        //返回ModelAndView
         ModelAndView modelAndView =  new ModelAndView();
        //相当 于request的setAttribut，在jsp页面中通过itemsList取数据
        modelAndView.addObject("nameString", "yoki");
        //指定视图
        modelAndView.setViewName("index_noAnnocation");
        return modelAndView;
    }
}

/WEB-INF/index.jsp

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
</body>
</html>

/WEB-INF/view/index_annocation.jsp

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello! This AnnocationController !!</h2>
</body>
</html>

/WEB-INF/view/index_noAnnocation.jsp

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello! This noAnnocationController !!</h2>
</body>
</html>

3、打包放入web容器中运行

　　

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