Springboot - 学习笔记 ②

前言

这一篇是关于spring boot中的配置（configuration）的介绍，我们接下来要说的男主就是 “application.properties”。

“男神”默认是生成在“/src/main/resources”下，结构如下图所示：

它是spring boot的核心配置文件，几乎囊括了spring boot 所有的配置。所以首先，我们先列出来它所涉及到的所有的配置项：

#########COMMON SPRING BOOT PROPERTIES

######========CORE PROPERTIES===========

#SPRING CONFIG (ConfigFileApplicationListener)

spring.config.name= # config file name (default to 'application')
spring.config.location= # location of config file

#PROFILES
spring.profiles= # comma list of active profiles

#APPLICATION SETTINGS (SpringApplication)
spring.main.sources=
spring.main.web-environment= # detect by default
spring.main.show-banner=true
spring.main....= # see class for all properties

#LOGGING
logging.path=/var/logs
logging.file=myapp.log
logging.config=

#IDENTITY (ContextIdApplicationContextInitializer)
spring.application.name=
spring.application.index=

#EMBEDDED SERVER CONFIGURATION (ServerProperties)
server.port=8080
server.address= # bind to a specific NIC
server.session-timeout= # session timeout in seconds
server.context-path= # the context path, defaults to '/'
server.servlet-path= # the servlet path, defaults to '/'
server.tomcat.access-log-pattern= # log pattern of the access log
server.tomcat.access-log-enabled=false # is access logging enabled
server.tomcat.protocol-header=x-forwarded-proto # ssl forward headers
server.tomcat.remote-ip-header=x-forwarded-for
server.tomcat.basedir=/tmp # base dir (usually not needed, defaults to tmp)
server.tomcat.background-processor-delay=30; # in seconds
server.tomcat.max-threads = 0 # number of threads in protocol handler
server.tomcat.uri-encoding = UTF-8 # character encoding to use for URL decoding

#SPRING MVC (HttpMapperProperties)
http.mappers.json-pretty-print=false # pretty print JSON
http.mappers.json-sort-keys=false # sort keys
spring.mvc.locale= # set fixed locale, e.g. enUK
spring.mvc.date-format= # set fixed date format, e.g. dd/MM/yyyy
spring.mvc.message-codes-resolver-format= # PREFIXERRORCODE / POSTFIXERROR_CODE
spring.view.prefix= # MVC view prefix
spring.view.suffix= # ... and suffix
spring.resources.cache-period= # cache timeouts in headers sent to browser
spring.resources.add-mappings=true # if default mappings should be added

#THYMELEAF (ThymeleafAutoConfiguration)
spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/
spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html
spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML5
spring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8
spring.thymeleaf.content-type=text/html # ;charset=<encoding> is added
spring.thymeleaf.cache=true # set to false for hot refresh

#FREEMARKER (FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration)
spring.freemarker.allowRequestOverride=false
spring.freemarker.allowSessionOverride=false
spring.freemarker.cache=true
spring.freemarker.checkTemplateLocation=true
spring.freemarker.contentType=text/html
spring.freemarker.exposeRequestAttributes=false
spring.freemarker.exposeSessionAttributes=false
spring.freemarker.exposeSpringMacroHelpers=false
spring.freemarker.prefix=
spring.freemarker.requestContextAttribute=
spring.freemarker.settings.*=
spring.freemarker.suffix=.ftl
spring.freemarker.templateEncoding=UTF-8
spring.freemarker.templateLoaderPath=classpath:/templates/
spring.freemarker.viewNames= # whitelist of view names that can be resolved

#GROOVY TEMPLATES (GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration)
spring.groovy.template.allowRequestOverride=false
spring.groovy.template.allowSessionOverride=false
spring.groovy.template.cache=true
spring.groovy.template.configuration.*= # See Groovy's TemplateConfiguration
spring.groovy.template.contentType=text/html
spring.groovy.template.prefix=classpath:/templates/
spring.groovy.template.suffix=.tpl
spring.groovy.template.templateEncoding=UTF-8
spring.groovy.template.viewNames= # whitelist of view names that can be resolved

#VELOCITY TEMPLATES (VelocityAutoConfiguration)
spring.velocity.allowRequestOverride=false
spring.velocity.allowSessionOverride=false
spring.velocity.cache=true
spring.velocity.checkTemplateLocation=true
spring.velocity.contentType=text/html
spring.velocity.dateToolAttribute=
spring.velocity.exposeRequestAttributes=false
spring.velocity.exposeSessionAttributes=false
spring.velocity.exposeSpringMacroHelpers=false
spring.velocity.numberToolAttribute=
spring.velocity.prefix=
spring.velocity.properties.*=
spring.velocity.requestContextAttribute=
spring.velocity.resourceLoaderPath=classpath:/templates/
spring.velocity.suffix=.vm
spring.velocity.templateEncoding=UTF-8
spring.velocity.viewNames= # whitelist of view names that can be resolved

#INTERNATIONALIZATION (MessageSourceAutoConfiguration)
spring.messages.basename=messages
spring.messages.cacheSeconds=-1
spring.messages.encoding=UTF-8

#SECURITY (SecurityProperties)
security.user.name=user # login username
security.user.password= # login password
security.user.role=USER # role assigned to the user
security.require-ssl=false # advanced settings ...
security.enable-csrf=false
security.basic.enabled=true
security.basic.realm=Spring
security.basic.path= # /**
security.headers.xss=false
security.headers.cache=false
security.headers.frame=false
security.headers.contentType=false
security.headers.hsts=all # none / domain / all
security.sessions=stateless # always / never / if_required / stateless
security.ignored=false

#DATASOURCE (DataSourceAutoConfiguration & DataSourceProperties)
spring.datasource.name= # name of the data source
spring.datasource.initialize=true # populate using data.sql
spring.datasource.schema= # a schema (DDL) script resource reference
spring.datasource.data= # a data (DML) script resource reference
spring.datasource.platform= # the platform to use in the schema resource (schema-${platform}.sql)
spring.datasource.continueOnError=false # continue even if can't be initialized
spring.datasource.separator=; # statement separator in SQL initialization scripts
spring.datasource.driverClassName= # JDBC Settings...
spring.datasource.url=
spring.datasource.username=
spring.datasource.password=
spring.datasource.max-active=100 # Advanced configuration...
spring.datasource.max-idle=8
spring.datasource.min-idle=8
spring.datasource.initial-size=10
spring.datasource.validation-query=
spring.datasource.test-on-borrow=false
spring.datasource.test-on-return=false
spring.datasource.test-while-idle=
spring.datasource.time-between-eviction-runs-millis=
spring.datasource.min-evictable-idle-time-millis=
spring.datasource.max-wait-millis=

#MONGODB (MongoProperties)
spring.data.mongodb.host= # the db host
spring.data.mongodb.port=27017 # the connection port (defaults to 27107)
spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost/test # connection URL
spring.data.mongo.repositories.enabled=true # if spring data repository support is enabled

#JPA (JpaBaseConfiguration, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration)
spring.jpa.properties.*= # properties to set on the JPA connection
spring.jpa.openInView=true
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.database-platform=
spring.jpa.database=
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=false # ignored by Hibernate, might be useful for other vendors
spring.jpa.hibernate.naming-strategy= # naming classname
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto= # defaults to create-drop for embedded dbs
spring.data.jpa.repositories.enabled=true # if spring data repository support is enabled

#SOLR (SolrProperties})
spring.data.solr.host=http://127.0.0.1:8983/solr
spring.data.solr.zkHost=
spring.data.solr.repositories.enabled=true # if spring data repository support is enabled

#ELASTICSEARCH (ElasticsearchProperties})
spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-name= # The cluster name (defaults to elasticsearch)
spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-nodes= # The address(es) of the server node (comma-separated; if not specified starts a client node)
spring.data.elasticsearch.local=true # if local mode should be used with client nodes
spring.data.elasticsearch.repositories.enabled=true # if spring data repository support is enabled

#FLYWAY (FlywayProperties)
flyway.locations=classpath:db/migrations # locations of migrations scripts
flyway.schemas= # schemas to update
flyway.initVersion= 1 # version to start migration
flyway.prefix=V
flyway.suffix=.sql
flyway.enabled=true
flyway.url= # JDBC url if you want Flyway to create its own DataSource
flyway.user= # JDBC username if you want Flyway to create its own DataSource
flyway.password= # JDBC password if you want Flyway to create its own DataSource

#LIQUIBASE (LiquibaseProperties)
liquibase.change-log=classpath:/db/changelog/db.changelog-master.yaml
liquibase.contexts= # runtime contexts to use
liquibase.default-schema= # default database schema to use
liquibase.drop-first=false
liquibase.enabled=true

#JMX
spring.jmx.enabled=true # Expose MBeans from Spring

#ABBIT (RabbitProperties)
spring.rabbitmq.host= # connection host
spring.rabbitmq.port= # connection port
spring.rabbitmq.addresses= # connection addresses (e.g. myhost:9999,otherhost:1111)
spring.rabbitmq.username= # login user
spring.rabbitmq.password= # login password
spring.rabbitmq.virtualhost=
spring.rabbitmq.dynamic=

#REDIS (RedisProperties)
spring.redis.host=localhost # server host
spring.redis.password= # server password
spring.redis.port=6379 # connection port
spring.redis.pool.max-idle=8 # pool settings ...
spring.redis.pool.min-idle=0
spring.redis.pool.max-active=8
spring.redis.pool.max-wait=-1

#ACTIVEMQ (ActiveMQProperties)
spring.activemq.broker-url=tcp://localhost:61616 # connection URL
spring.activemq.user=
spring.activemq.password=
spring.activemq.in-memory=true # broker kind to create if no broker-url is specified
spring.activemq.pooled=false

#HornetQ (HornetQProperties)
spring.hornetq.mode= # connection mode (native, embedded)
spring.hornetq.host=localhost # hornetQ host (native mode)
spring.hornetq.port=5445 # hornetQ port (native mode)
spring.hornetq.embedded.enabled=true # if the embedded server is enabled (needs hornetq-jms-server.jar)
spring.hornetq.embedded.serverId= # auto-generated id of the embedded server (integer)
spring.hornetq.embedded.persistent=false # message persistence
spring.hornetq.embedded.data-directory= # location of data content (when persistence is enabled)
spring.hornetq.embedded.queues= # comma separate queues to create on startup
spring.hornetq.embedded.topics= # comma separate topics to create on startup
spring.hornetq.embedded.cluster-password= # customer password (randomly generated by default)

#JMS (JmsProperties)
spring.jms.pub-sub-domain= # false for queue (default), true for topic

#SPRING BATCH (BatchDatabaseInitializer)
spring.batch.job.names=job1,job2
spring.batch.job.enabled=true
spring.batch.initializer.enabled=true
spring.batch.schema= # batch schema to load

#AOP
spring.aop.auto=
spring.aop.proxy-target-class=

#FILE ENCODING (FileEncodingApplicationListener)
spring.mandatory-file-encoding=false

#SPRING SOCIAL (SocialWebAutoConfiguration)
spring.social.auto-connection-views=true # Set to true for default connection views or false if you provide your own

#SPRING SOCIAL FACEBOOK (FacebookAutoConfiguration)
spring.social.facebook.app-id= # your application's Facebook App ID
spring.social.facebook.app-secret= # your application's Facebook App Secret

#SPRING SOCIAL LINKEDIN (LinkedInAutoConfiguration)
spring.social.linkedin.app-id= # your application's LinkedIn App ID
spring.social.linkedin.app-secret= # your application's LinkedIn App Secret

#SPRING SOCIAL TWITTER (TwitterAutoConfiguration)
spring.social.twitter.app-id= # your application's Twitter App ID
spring.social.twitter.app-secret= # your application's Twitter App Secret

#SPRING MOBILE SITE PREFERENCE (SitePreferenceAutoConfiguration)
spring.mobile.sitepreference.enabled=true # enabled by default

#SPRING MOBILE DEVICE VIEWS (DeviceDelegatingViewResolverAutoConfiguration)
spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.enabled=true # disabled by default
spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.normalPrefix=
spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.normalSuffix=
spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.mobilePrefix=mobile/
spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.mobileSuffix=
spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.tabletPrefix=tablet/
spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.tabletSuffix=

######========ACTUATOR PROPERTIES===========

#MANAGEMENT HTTP SERVER (ManagementServerProperties)
management.port= # defaults to 'server.port'
management.address= # bind to a specific NIC
management.contextPath= # default to '/'

#ENDPOINTS (AbstractEndpoint subclasses)
endpoints.autoconfig.id=autoconfig
endpoints.autoconfig.sensitive=true
endpoints.autoconfig.enabled=true
endpoints.beans.id=beans
endpoints.beans.sensitive=true
endpoints.beans.enabled=true
endpoints.configprops.id=configprops
endpoints.configprops.sensitive=true
endpoints.configprops.enabled=true
endpoints.configprops.keys-to-sanitize=password,secret
endpoints.dump.id=dump
endpoints.dump.sensitive=true
endpoints.dump.enabled=true
endpoints.env.id=env
endpoints.env.sensitive=true
endpoints.env.enabled=true
endpoints.health.id=health
endpoints.health.sensitive=false
endpoints.health.enabled=true
endpoints.info.id=info
endpoints.info.sensitive=false
endpoints.info.enabled=true
endpoints.metrics.id=metrics
endpoints.metrics.sensitive=true
endpoints.metrics.enabled=true
endpoints.shutdown.id=shutdown
endpoints.shutdown.sensitive=true
endpoints.shutdown.enabled=false
endpoints.trace.id=trace
endpoints.trace.sensitive=true
endpoints.trace.enabled=true

#MVC ONLY ENDPOINTS
endpoints.jolokia.path=jolokia
endpoints.jolokia.sensitive=true
endpoints.jolokia.enabled=true # when using Jolokia
endpoints.error.path=/error

#JMX ENDPOINT (EndpointMBeanExportProperties)
endpoints.jmx.enabled=true
endpoints.jmx.domain= # the JMX domain, defaults to 'org.springboot'
endpoints.jmx.unique-names=false
endpoints.jmx.enabled=true
endpoints.jmx.staticNames=

#JOLOKIA (JolokiaProperties)
jolokia.config.*= # See Jolokia manual

#REMOTE SHELL
shell.auth=simple # jaas, key, simple, spring
shell.command-refresh-interval=-1
shell.command-path-pattern= # classpath:/commands/, classpath:/crash/commands/
shell.config-path-patterns= # classpath:/crash/
shell.disabled-plugins=false # don't expose plugins
shell.ssh.enabled= # ssh settings ...
shell.ssh.keyPath=
shell.ssh.port=
shell.telnet.enabled= # telnet settings ...
shell.telnet.port=
shell.auth.jaas.domain= # authentication settings ...
shell.auth.key.path=
shell.auth.simple.user.name=
shell.auth.simple.user.password=
shell.auth.spring.roles=

#GIT INFO
spring.git.properties= # resource ref to generated git info properties file

啰嗦了一大堆，无非就是想说明这个配置文件很强大！很强大！ 接下来，我们通过3个栗子来说明配置文件的用法。

Case1 - 修改系统配置

首先，我们先来试试如何修改系统的配置并且应用到我们的webservice上面。

我们尝试修改两项内容：

1. service port: 将默认的端口号t改为“8099”

2. context path: 将service的默认路径“\”修改为“\config”

server.port=8099
server.context-path=/config

现在，编写创建一个新的Spring boot 项目，并且编写一个新的controller;

package com.example.tuo.HelloSpringBoot.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class SpringConfigController {

    @RequestMapping("/default")
    public String fetchDefaultConfig(){
        return "Get default config done!";
    }
}

之后，我们启动spring boot 程序，在浏览器中输入URL = http://localhost:8099/config/default，之后就可以看到如下结果：

Case2 - 获取/使用配置项

Spring boot 为我们提供了更为简单的方式来获取配置项的值. 首先在application.properties文件里面加入我们自定义的配置项，例如：

myName=Tony

在controller类中，重新添加一个path,用来返回MyName的值：

@Value("${myName}")
private String myNameStr;

@RequestMapping("/name")
public String getMyName(){
    return myNameStr;
}

我们现在来使用浏览器验证新的接口：

Case3 - 构造/使用配置类

在这里，我们要将一组配置项封装成为一个类（确切的说是JavaBean），并且使用“Component”注解来注入。

首先，我们在配置文件（application.properties）里面加入一组关于MySQL连接的配置项，如下：

mysql.jdbcName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
mysql.dbUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot
mysql.userName=root
mysql.password=root

然后，我们封装出一个类“MysqlProperties.java”,用来标识出对应的配置项，内容为：

package com.example.tuo.HelloSpringBoot.Controller;

@Component
 @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="mysql")

public class MySqlPropertyies {

    private String jdbcName;
    private String dbUrl;
    private String userName;
    private String password;
    public String getJdbcName() {
        return jdbcName;
    }
    public void setJdbcName(String jdbcName) {
        this.jdbcName = jdbcName;
    }
    public String getDbUrl() {
        return dbUrl;
    }
    public void setDbUrl(String dbUrl) {
        this.dbUrl = dbUrl;
    }
    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }
    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }    

}

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="mysql") 用来指定配置项的前缀；注意，类的字段名称需要和配置项的名称匹配！！

接下来，我们在controller里面使用注解来读取配置项：

    @Resource
    private MySqlPropertyies mysqlProperties;

    @RequestMapping("/mysqlproperty")
    public String getMySqlProperty(){
        return "mysql.jdbcName:"+mysqlProperties.getJdbcName()+"<br/>"
                  +"mysql.dbUrl:"+mysqlProperties.getDbUrl()+"<br/>"
                  +"mysql.userName:"+mysqlProperties.getUserName()+"<br/>"
                  +"mysql.password:"+mysqlProperties.getPassword()+"<br/>";
    }

最后，我们来验证一下：

Well，我们能够顺利的获取配置项的内容啦！！这一次就到这里啦，感谢大家的观看，bye~~