在Azure虚拟机上安装SQL server

Azure虽然向用户提供SQL paas服务，但是大多数用户还是习惯在用虚拟机自己搭建SQL server，这样的好处是便于后期最大化的扩展，所以鉴于这些情况，所以觉得有必要写这篇博客。

首先，我们要建立一台虚拟机，鉴SQL server对虚拟机内存的要求最低为3GB，所以笔者建议虚拟机选择A3或者A4，当然也可以选择A1的虚拟机，然后再升为A3或者A4，因为本次环境只是测试，这里我就直接建立A3虚拟机，OS为centos7.1

第一步，建立虚拟机，过程省略，有不会的读者自行百度，结果如下

第二步，登陆虚拟机，切换到root用户

[yangyang@sqlserver1 ~]$ sudo su - root

We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:

    #) Respect the privacy of others.
    #) Think before you type.
    #) With great power comes great responsibility.

[sudo] password for yangyang:
Sorry, try again.
[sudo] password for yangyang:
[root@sqlserver1 ~]# 

第三步，获得yum源，yum的repo文件地址

下载到本地

[root@sqlserver1 ~]# wget https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/mssql-server.repo
---- ::--  https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/mssql-server.repo
Resolving packages.microsoft.com (packages.microsoft.com)... 13.75.127.55
Connecting to packages.microsoft.com (packages.microsoft.com)|13.75.127.55|:... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response...  OK
Length:  [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: 鈓ssql-server.repo?

%[======================================>]          --.-K/s   in 0s      

-- :: (13.7 MB/s) - 鈓ssql-server.repo?saved [/]

[root@sqlserver1 ~]# 

接下来把文件复制到/etc/yum.repos.d目录

[root@sqlserver1 ~]# cp mssql-server.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/

更新yum信息

[root@sqlserver1 ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base                                                     | 3.6 kB     :
extras                                                   | 3.4 kB     :
openlogic                                                | 1.3 kB     :
packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server                      | 2.9 kB     :
updates                                                  | 3.4 kB     :
(/): base//x86_64/group_gz                             |  kB   :
(/): base//x86_64/primary_db                           | 5.6 MB   :
(/): base//x86_64/other_db                             | 2.4 MB   :
(/): base//x86_64/filelists_db                         | 6.6 MB   :
(/): extras//x86_64/prestodelta                        |   kB   :
(/): extras//x86_64/filelists_db                       |  kB   :
(/): extras//x86_64/primary_db                         |  kB   :
(/): extras//x86_64/other_db                           |  kB   :
(/): openlogic//x86_64/filelists                       | 8.8 kB   :
(/): openlogic//x86_64/primary                        |   kB   :
(/): openlogic//x86_64/other                          | 4.0 kB   :
(/): packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server/primary_db    | 3.2 kB   :
(/): packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server/other_db      |   B   :
(/): packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server/filelists_db  | 1.8 kB   :
(/): updates//x86_64/prestodelta                      |  kB   :
(/): updates//x86_64/filelists_db                     |  kB   :
(/): updates//x86_64/primary_db                       | 1.2 MB   :
(/): updates//x86_64/other_db                         |   MB   :
Determining fastest mirrors
openlogic                                                                 /
openlogic                                                                 /
openlogic                                                                 /
Metadata Cache Created

第四步，通过yum安装sql server

yum查找mssql的相关信息

[root@sqlserver1 ~]# yum search mssql
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
============================== N/S matched: mssql ==============================
mssql-server.x86_64 : Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Relational Database Engine
mssql-server-ha.x86_64 : Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Relational Database Engine

  Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.

我们可以看到有两个版本，ha应该是做高可用性的版本，所以我们选择安装第一个

[root@sqlserver1 ~]# yum install mssql-server -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mssql-server.x86_64 :14.0.100.187- will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package      Arch   Version          Repository                           Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 mssql-server x86_64 14.0.100.187-   packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server  M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install   Package

Total download size:  M
Installed size:  M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64//packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server/packages/mssql-server-14.0.100.187-.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID be1229cf: NOKEY
Public key for mssql-server-14.0.100.187-.x86_64.rpm is not installed
mssql-server-14.0.100.187-.x86_64.rpm                     |  MB   :
Retrieving key from https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc
Importing GPG key 0xBE1229CF:
 Userid     : "Microsoft (Release signing) <gpgsecurity@microsoft.com>"
 Fingerprint: bc52  b50d 79e3 39d3 721c eb3e 94ad be12 29cf
 From       : https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mssql-server-14.0.100.187-.x86_64                           / 

+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Please run /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr-setup to complete the setup of |
|                  Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R).                      |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+

  Verifying  : mssql-server-14.0.100.187-.x86_64                           / 

Installed:
  mssql-server.x86_64 :14.0.100.187-                                          

Complete!

看到上面的结果表示安装完成

第五步，配置SQL server

[root@sqlserver1 ~]# cd /opt/mssql/bin
[root@sqlserver1 bin]# pwd
/opt/mssql/bin
[root@sqlserver1 bin]# ./sqlservr-setup
Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Setup

You can abort setup at anytime by pressing Ctrl-C. Start this program
with the --help option for information about running it in unattended
mode.

The license terms for this product can be downloaded from
http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746388 and found
in /usr/share/doc/mssql-server/LICENSE.TXT.

Do you accept the license terms? If so, please type "YES": YES

Please enter a password for the system administrator (SA) account:
Please confirm the password for the system administrator (SA) account: 

Setting system administrator (SA) account password...

Do you wish to start the SQL Server service now? [y/n]: y
Do you wish to enable SQL Server to start on boot? [y/n]: y
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mssql-server.service'
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server-telemetry.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mssql-server-telemetry.service'

Setup completed successfully.
[root@sqlserver1 bin]# 

这样就配置成功了

第六步，检查状态

[root@sqlserver1 bin]# systemctl status mssql-server
mssql-server.service - Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Database Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu -- :: UTC; 5min ago
 Main PID:  (sqlservr)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mssql-server.service
           忖1629 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr
           忖1639 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr

Jan  :: sqlserver1 sqlservr[]: -- ::34.22 spid6s    ....
Jan  :: sqlserver1 sqlservr[]: -- ::34.86 spid6s    ....
Jan  :: sqlserver1 sqlservr[]: -- ::34.87 spid20s   ....
Jan  :: sqlserver1 sqlservr[]: -- ::34.87 spid20s   ....
Jan  :: sqlserver1 sqlservr[]: -- ::34.92 spid20s   ....
Jan  :: sqlserver1 sqlservr[]: -- ::35.01 spid5s    ....
Jan  :: sqlserver1 sqlservr[]: -- ::35.99 spid38s    ...
Jan  :: sqlserver1 systemd[]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-serve...e'
Jan  :: sqlserver1 systemd[]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-serve...e'
Jan  :: sqlserver1 systemd[]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-serve...e'
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

可以从上图看出SQL server已经在运行，这一步说明SQL server已经完全安装成功了

但是接下来我们还要做一个工作，就是检查，我们需要使用SQL ToolTs，sqlcmd是mssql ODBC的一个工具，可以通过yum的repo直接yum安装

首先下载yum的repo

[root@sqlserver1 bin]# cd /root/
[root@sqlserver1 ~]#  wget https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo
---- ::--  https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo
Resolving packages.microsoft.com (packages.microsoft.com)... 13.75.127.55
Connecting to packages.microsoft.com (packages.microsoft.com)|13.75.127.55|:... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response...  OK
Length:  [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: 鈖rod.repo?

%[======================================>]          --.-K/s   in 0s      

-- :: (31.7 MB/s) - 鈖rod.repo?saved [/]

[root@sqlserver1 ~]# mv prod.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@sqlserver1 ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base                                                     | 3.6 kB     :
extras                                                   | 3.4 kB     :
openlogic                                                | 1.3 kB     :
packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server                      | 2.9 kB     :
packages-microsoft-com-prod                              | 2.9 kB     :
updates                                                  | 3.4 kB     :
(/): packages-microsoft-com-prod/filelists_db            | 3.2 kB   :
(/): packages-microsoft-com-prod/other_db                |   kB   :
(/): packages-microsoft-com-prod/primary_db              | 6.7 kB   :
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Metadata Cache Created

接下来进行安装

[root@sqlserver1 ~]#  yum install mssql-tools
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mssql-tools.x86_64 :14.0.1.246- will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: msodbcsql for package: mssql-tools-14.0.1.246-.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package msodbcsql.x86_64 :13.1.1.0- will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC-utf16 for package: msodbcsql-13.1.1.0-.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libodbcinst.so.()(64bit) for package: msodbcsql-13.1.1.0-.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package unixODBC-utf16.x86_64 :2.3.- will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libltdl.so.()(64bit) for package: unixODBC-utf16-2.3.-.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libtool-ltdl.x86_64 :2.4.-.el7_2 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package          Arch     Version          Repository                     Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 mssql-tools      x86_64   14.0.1.246-     packages-microsoft-com-prod    k
Installing for dependencies:
 libtool-ltdl     x86_64   2.4.-.el7_2   base                            k
 msodbcsql        x86_64   13.1.1.0-       packages-microsoft-com-prod   3.9 M
 unixODBC-utf16   x86_64   2.3.-          packages-microsoft-com-prod    k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install   Package (+ Dependent packages)

Total download size: 4.5 M
Installed size: 4.5 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(/): libtool-ltdl-2.4.-.el7_2.x86_64.rpm              |   kB   :
(/): mssql-tools-14.0.1.246-.x86_64.rpm                 |  kB   :
(/): unixODBC-utf16-2.3.-.x86_64.rpm                   |  kB   :
(/): msodbcsql-13.1.1.0-.x86_64.rpm                     | 3.9 MB   :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                              3.0 MB/s | 4.5 MB  :
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : libtool-ltdl-2.4.-.el7_2.x86_64                           /
  Installing : unixODBC-utf16-2.3.-.x86_64                                /
The license terms for this product can be downloaded from
http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746838 and found in
/usr/share/doc/msodbcsql/LICENSE.TXT . By entering 'YES',
you indicate that you accept the license terms.

Do you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO)
YES
  Installing : msodbcsql-13.1.1.0-.x86_64                                  /
The license terms for this product can be downloaded from
http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746949 and found in
/usr/share/doc/mssql-tools/LICENSE.txt . By entering 'YES',
you indicate that you accept the license terms.

Do you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO)
YES
  Installing : mssql-tools-14.0.1.246-.x86_64                              /
  Verifying  : libtool-ltdl-2.4.-.el7_2.x86_64                           /
  Verifying  : msodbcsql-13.1.1.0-.x86_64                                  /
  Verifying  : mssql-tools-14.0.1.246-.x86_64                              /
  Verifying  : unixODBC-utf16-2.3.-.x86_64                                / 

Installed:
  mssql-tools.x86_64 :14.0.1.246-                                             

Dependency Installed:
  libtool-ltdl.x86_64 :2.4.-.el7_2       msodbcsql.x86_64 :13.1.1.0-
  unixODBC-utf16.x86_64 :2.3.-           

Complete!

安装成功，接下来测试连接

登陆，输入刚刚的密码，并创建数据库test

[root@sqlserver1 ~]# sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA
Password:
> create database test;
> go
> use test;
> go
Changed database context to 'test'.

查看数据库

> select name from sys.databases;
> go
name
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
master
tempdb
model
msdb
test                                                                                                                            

( rows affected)

创建表yytable，并插入数据，最后进行查询

> create table yytable ( id int, name varchar(), gender varchar(), age int)
> go
> insert into yytable values (, 'yangyang','male',);
> go

( rows affected)
> select * from yytable;
> go
id          name                 gender               age
----------- -------------------- -------------------- -----------
           yangyang             male                          

( rows affected)
> 

说明该步骤成功，且SQL server也可以使用了