spark 累加历史 + 统计全部 + 行转列

spark 累加历史主要用到了窗口函数，而进行全部统计，则需要用到rollup函数

1  应用场景：

　　1、我们需要统计用户的总使用时长（累加历史）

　　2、前台展现页面需要对多个维度进行查询，如：产品、地区等等

　　3、需要展现的表格头如： 产品、2015-04、2015-05、2015-06

2 原始数据：

product_code |event_date |duration |
-------------|-----------|---------|
1438         |2016-05-13 |165      |
1438         |2016-05-14 |595      |
1438         |2016-05-15 |105      |
1629         |2016-05-13 |12340    |
1629         |2016-05-14 |13850    |
1629         |2016-05-15 |227      |

3 业务场景实现

3.1 业务场景1：累加历史：

如数据源所示：我们已经有当天用户的使用时长，我们期望在进行统计的时候，14号能累加13号的，15号能累加14、13号的，以此类推

3.1.1 spark-sql实现

//spark sql 使用窗口函数累加历史数据
sqlContext.sql(
"""
  select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc) as sum_duration
  from userlogs_date
""").show
+-----+----------+------------+
|pcode|event_date|sum_duration|
+-----+----------+------------+
| 1438|2016-05-13|         165|
| 1438|2016-05-14|         760|
| 1438|2016-05-15|         865|
| 1629|2016-05-13|       12340|
| 1629|2016-05-14|       26190|
| 1629|2016-05-15|       26417|
+-----+----------+------------+

3.1.2 dataframe实现

//使用Column提供的over 函数，传入窗口操作
import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions._
val first_2_now_window = Window.partitionBy("pcode").orderBy("event_date")
df_userlogs_date.select(
    $"pcode",
    $"event_date",
    sum($"duration").over(first_2_now_window).as("sum_duration")
).show

+-----+----------+------------+
|pcode|event_date|sum_duration|
+-----+----------+------------+
| 1438|2016-05-13|         165|
| 1438|2016-05-14|         760|
| 1438|2016-05-15|         865|
| 1629|2016-05-13|       12340|
| 1629|2016-05-14|       26190|
| 1629|2016-05-15|       26417|
+-----+----------+------------+

 3.1.3 扩展 累加一段时间范围内

实际业务中的累加逻辑远比上面复杂，比如，累加之前N天，累加前N天到后N天等等。以下我们来实现：

　3.1.3.1 累加历史所有：

select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc) as sum_duration from userlogs_date
select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc rows between unbounded preceding and current row) as sum_duration from userlogs_date
Window.partitionBy("pcode").orderBy("event_date").rowsBetween(Long.MinValue,0)
Window.partitionBy("pcode").orderBy("event_date")
上边四种写法完全相等

3.1.3.2 累加N天之前，假设N=3

select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc rows between 3 preceding and current row) as sum_duration from userlogs_date
Window.partitionBy("pcode").orderBy("event_date").rowsBetween(-3,0) 

  3.1.3.3 累加前N天，后M天: 假设N=3 M=5 

select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc rows between 3 preceding and 5 following ) as sum_duration from userlogs_date
Window.partitionBy("pcode").orderBy("event_date").rowsBetween(-3,5)
3.1.3.4 累加该分区内所有行

select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc rows between unbounded preceding and unbounded following ) as sum_duration from userlogs_date

Window.partitionBy("pcode").orderBy("event_date").rowsBetween(Long.MinValue,Long.MaxValue)

总结如下：

preceding：用于累加前N行（分区之内）。若是从分区第一行头开始，则为 unbounded。 N为：相对当前行向前的偏移量
following ：与preceding相反，累加后N行（分区之内）。若是累加到该分区结束，则为 unbounded。N为：相对当前行向后的偏移量
current row：顾名思义，当前行，偏移量为0

说明：上边的前N，后M，以及current row均会累加该偏移量所在行

3.1.3.4 实测结果

累加历史：分区内当天及之前所有 写法1：select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc) as sum_duration from userlogs_date

+-----+----------+------------+
|pcode|event_date|sum_duration|
+-----+----------+------------+
| 1438|2016-05-13|         165|
| 1438|2016-05-14|         760|
| 1438|2016-05-15|         865|
| 1629|2016-05-13|       12340|
| 1629|2016-05-14|       26190|
| 1629|2016-05-15|       26417|
+-----+----------+------------+

累加历史：分区内当天及之前所有 写法2：select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc rows between unbounded preceding and current row) as sum_duration from userlogs_date

+-----+----------+------------+
|pcode|event_date|sum_duration|
+-----+----------+------------+
| 1438|2016-05-13|         165|
| 1438|2016-05-14|         760|
| 1438|2016-05-15|         865|
| 1629|2016-05-13|       12340|
| 1629|2016-05-14|       26190|
| 1629|2016-05-15|       26417|
+-----+----------+------------+

累加当日和昨天：select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc rows between 1 preceding and current row) as sum_duration from userlogs_date

+-----+----------+------------+
|pcode|event_date|sum_duration|
+-----+----------+------------+
| 1438|2016-05-13|         165|
| 1438|2016-05-14|         760|
| 1438|2016-05-15|         700|
| 1629|2016-05-13|       12340|
| 1629|2016-05-14|       26190|
| 1629|2016-05-15|       14077|
+-----+----------+------------+

累加当日、昨日、明日：select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc rows between 1 preceding and 1 following ) as sum_duration from userlogs_date

+-----+----------+------------+
|pcode|event_date|sum_duration|
+-----+----------+------------+
| 1438|2016-05-13|         760|
| 1438|2016-05-14|         865|
| 1438|2016-05-15|         700|
| 1629|2016-05-13|       26190|
| 1629|2016-05-14|       26417|
| 1629|2016-05-15|       14077|
+-----+----------+------------+

累加分区内所有：当天和之前之后所有：select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) over (partition by pcode order by event_date asc rows between unbounded preceding and unbounded following ) as sum_duration from userlogs_date

+-----+----------+------------+
|pcode|event_date|sum_duration|
+-----+----------+------------+
| 1438|2016-05-13|         865|
| 1438|2016-05-14|         865|
| 1438|2016-05-15|         865|
| 1629|2016-05-13|       26417|
| 1629|2016-05-14|       26417|
| 1629|2016-05-15|       26417|
+-----+----------+------------+

3.2 业务场景2：统计全部

3.2.1 spark sql实现

//spark sql 使用rollup添加all统计
sqlContext.sql(
"""
  select pcode,event_date,sum(duration) as sum_duration
  from userlogs_date_1
  group by pcode,event_date with rollup
  order by pcode,event_date
""").show()

+-----+----------+------------+
|pcode|event_date|sum_duration|
+-----+----------+------------+
| null|      null|       27282|
| 1438|      null|         865|
| 1438|2016-05-13|         165|
| 1438|2016-05-14|         595|
| 1438|2016-05-15|         105|
| 1629|      null|       26417|
| 1629|2016-05-13|       12340|
| 1629|2016-05-14|       13850|
| 1629|2016-05-15|         227|
+-----+----------+------------+

3.2.2 dataframe函数实现

//使用dataframe提供的rollup函数，进行多维度all统计
df_userlogs_date.rollup($"pcode", $"event_date").agg(sum($"duration")).orderBy($"pcode", $"event_date")

+-----+----------+-------------+
|pcode|event_date|sum(duration)|
+-----+----------+-------------+
| null|      null|        27282|
| 1438|      null|          865|
| 1438|2016-05-13|          165|
| 1438|2016-05-14|          595|
| 1438|2016-05-15|          105|
| 1629|      null|        26417|
| 1629|2016-05-13|        12340|
| 1629|2016-05-14|        13850|
| 1629|2016-05-15|          227|
+-----+----------+-------------+

  3.3 行转列 ->pivot

pivot目前还没有sql语法，先用df语法吧

val userlogs_date_all = sqlContext.sql("select dcode, pcode,event_date,sum(duration) as duration from userlogs group by dognum, pcode,event_date ")
userlogs_date_all.registerTempTable("userlogs_date_all")
val dates = userlogs_date_all.select($"event_date").map(row => row.getAs[String]("event_date")).distinct().collect().toList
userlogs_date_all.groupBy($"dcode", $"pcode").pivot("event_date", dates).sum("duration").na.fill().show

+-----------------+-----+----------+----------+----------+----------+
|            dcode|pcode|--|--|--|--|
+-----------------+-----+----------+----------+----------+----------+
|         F2429186| |         |         |       |         |
|        AI2342441| |         |         |         |       |
|       A320018711| |         |       |         |         |
|         H2635817| |         |       |         |         |
|         D0288196| |         |       |         |         |
|         Y0242218| |         |      |         |         |
|         H2392574| |         |         |       |         |
|         D2245588| |         |         |         |         |
|         Y2514906| |         |         |       |         |
|         H2540419| |         |       |       |         |
|         R2231926| |         |         |       |         |
|         H2684591| |         |       |         |         |
|         A2548470| |         |       |         |         |
|         GH000309| |         |         |         |         |
|         H2293216| |         |         |         |       |
|         R2170601| |         |         |         |         |
|B2365238;B2559538| |         |         |         |         |
|         BQ005465| |         |         |       |        |
|        AH2180324| |         |       |       |        |
|         H0279306| |         |       |         |         |
+-----------------+-----+----------+----------+----------+----------+

附录

下面是这两个函数的官方api说明：

org.apache.spark.sql.scala

def rollup(col1: String, cols: String*): GroupedData

Create a multi-dimensional rollup for the current DataFrame using the specified columns, so we can run aggregation on them. See GroupedData for all the available aggregate functions.
This is a variant of rollup that can only group by existing columns using column names (i.e. cannot construct expressions).

// Compute the average for all numeric columns rolluped by department and group.
df.rollup("department", "group").avg()

// Compute the max age and average salary, rolluped by department and gender.
df.rollup($"department", $"gender").agg(Map(
  "salary" -> "avg",
  "age" -> "max"
))

def rollup(cols: Column*): GroupedData
Create a multi-dimensional rollup for the current DataFrame using the specified columns, so we can run aggregation on them. See GroupedData for all the available aggregate functions.
df.rollup($"department", $"group").avg()

// Compute the max age and average salary, rolluped by department and gender.
df.rollup($"department", $"gender").agg(Map(
  "salary" -> "avg",
  "age" -> "max"
))

org.apache.spark.sql.Column.scala

def over(window: WindowSpec): Column
Define a windowing column.

val w = Window.partitionBy("name").orderBy("id")
df.select(
  sum("price").over(w.rangeBetween(Long.MinValue, 2)),
  avg("price").over(w.rowsBetween(0, 4))
)