《汇编语言 基于x86处理器》第九章字符串与数组部分的代码

▶ 书中第九章的程序，主要讲了字符串相关的输入、输出，以及冒泡排序、二分搜索

● 代码，Irvine32 中的字符串库函数代码范例

 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc

 .data
 str1    BYTE "abcde////",
 str2    BYTE "ABCDE",
 msg0    BYTE "Upper case: ",
 msg1    BYTE "str1 == str2",
 msg2    BYTE "str1 < str2",
 msg3    BYTE "str1 > str2",
 msg4    BYTE "Length of str1: ",
 msg5    BYTE "Trimming: ", 

 .code
 main PROC
     mov     edx, OFFSET str1
     call    WriteString
     call    crlf

     call    trim_string
     call    upper_case
     call    compare_strings
     call    print_length
     call    waitmsg
     exit
 main ENDP

 trim_string PROC                        ; 去掉结尾的指定字符
     INVOKE  Str_trim, ADDR str1, '/'
     mov     edx, OFFSET msg5
     call    WriteString
     mov     edx, OFFSET str1
     call    WriteString
     call    Crlf
     ret
 trim_string ENDP

 upper_case PROC                         ; 小写转大写
     mov     edx, OFFSET msg0
     call    WriteString
     INVOKE  Str_ucase, ADDR str1
     mov     edx, OFFSET str1
     call    WriteString
     call    Crlf
     ret
 upper_case ENDP

 compare_strings PROC                    ; 比较 str1 和 str2
     INVOKE Str_compare, ADDR str1, ADDR str2
     .IF ZERO?
     mov     edx, OFFSET msg1     ; str1 = str2
     .ELSEIF CARRY?
     mov     edx, OFFSET msg2     ; str1 < str2
     .ELSE
     mov     edx, OFFSET msg3     ; str1 > str2
     .ENDIF
     call    WriteString
     call    Crlf
     ret
 compare_strings  ENDP

 print_length PROC                       ; 获取字符串长度
     mov     edx, OFFSET msg4
     call    WriteString
     INVOKE  Str_length, ADDR str1
     call    WriteDec
     call    Crlf
     ret
 print_length ENDP

 END main

■ 输出结果

abcde////
Trimming: abcde
Upper case: ABCDE
str1 == str2
Length of str1: 

● 用宏来计算矩阵某一行的元素的和

 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc

 mCalc_row_sum MACRO index, arrayOffset, rowSize, eltType
 LOCAL L1                            ; 指定局部循环点
     push    ebx
     push    ecx
     push    esi

     mov     eax, index
     mov     ebx, arrayOffset
     mov     ecx, rowSize

     mul     ecx                     ; eax = 选取行的行偏移
     add     ebx, eax                ; ebx = 选取行的首元素地址
     shr     ecx, (TYPE eltType / ) ; 控制循环次数 byte=0,  word=1,  dword=2
                                     ; 因为循环内数组寻址使用 esi 完成的，ecx 要单独计算
     mov     eax,                   ; 存放和
     mov     esi,                   ; 列下标

 L1:
     IFIDNI <eltType>,  <DWORD>      ; DWORD 使用的寄存器不一样，区别对待
         mov     edx, eltType PTR[ebx + esi*(TYPE eltType)]
     ELSE
         movzx   edx, eltType PTR[ebx + esi*(TYPE eltType)]
     ENDIF

     add     eax, edx
     inc     esi
     loop    L1

     pop     esi
     pop     ecx
     pop     ebx
 ENDM

 .data
 tableB BYTE 10h,  20h,  30h,  40h,  50h
 RowSizeB = ($ - tableB)                     ; 数组定义断开，中间插入一个用于计算数组行宽的常量
     BYTE 60h,  70h,  80h,  90h,  0A0h
     BYTE 0B0h,  0C0h,  0D0h,  0E0h,  0F0h

 tableW WORD 10h,  20h,  30h,  40h,  50h
 RowSizeW = ($ - tableW)
     WORD 60h,  70h,  80h,  90h,  0A0h
     WORD 0B0h,  0C0h,  0D0h,  0E0h,  0F0h

 tableD DWORD 10h,  20h,  30h,  40h,  50h
 RowSizeD = ($ - tableD)
     DWORD 60h,  70h,  80h,  90h,  0A0h
     DWORD 0B0h,  0C0h,  0D0h,  0E0h,  0F0h

 index DWORD                                ; 指定要计算的行号

 .code
 main PROC
     mCalc_row_sum index,  OFFSET tableB,  RowSizeB,  BYTE
     call  WriteHex
     call  Crlf

     mCalc_row_sum index,  OFFSET tableW,  RowSizeW,  WORD
     call  WriteHex
     call  Crlf

     mCalc_row_sum index,  OFFSET tableD,  RowSizeD,  DWORD
     call  WriteHex
     call  Crlf

     call WaitMsg
     exit
 main ENDP

 END main

● 64 位版本，主要区别就是函数声明，使用的寄存器

 ExitProcess PROT
 WriteHex64 PROTO
 Crlf PROTO

 mCalc_row_sum MACRO index, arrayOffset, rowSize, eltType
 LOCAL L1
     push    rbx
     push    rcx
     push    rsi

     mov     rax, index
     mov     rbx, arrayOffset
     mov     rcx, rowSize

     mul     rcx
     add     rbx, rax
     shr     rcx, (TYPE eltType / )       

     mov     rax,
     mov     rsi, 

 L1:
     IFIDNI <eltType>, <DWORD>
         mov     edx,eltType PTR[rbx + rsi*(TYPE eltType)]
     ELSE
         movzx   edx,eltType PTR[rbx + rsi*(TYPE eltType)]
     ENDIF

     add     rax, rdx
     inc     rsi
     loop L1

     pop     rsi
     pop     rcx
     pop     rbx
 ENDM

 .data
 tableB BYTE 10h, 20h, 30h, 40h, 50h
 RowSizeB = ($ - tableB)
     BYTE 60h, 70h, 80h, 90h, 0A0h
     BYTE 0B0h, 0C0h, 0D0h, 0E0h, 0F0h

 tableW WORD 10h, 20h, 30h, 40h, 50h
 RowSizeW = ($ - tableW)
     WORD 60h, 70h, 80h, 90h, 0A0h
     WORD 0B0h, 0C0h, 0D0h, 0E0h, 0F0h

 tableD DWORD 10h, 20h, 30h, 40h, 50h
 RowSizeD = ($ - tableD)
     DWORD 60h, 70h, 80h, 90h, 0A0h
     DWORD 0B0h, 0C0h, 0D0h, 0E0h, 0F0h

 index QWORD 

 .code
 main PROC
     mCalc_row_sum index, OFFSET tableB, RowSizeB, BYTE
     call  WriteHex64
     call  Crlf

     mCalc_row_sum index, OFFSET tableW, RowSizeW, WORD
     call  WriteHex64
     call  Crlf

     mCalc_row_sum index, OFFSET tableD, RowSizeD, DWORD
     call  WriteHex64
     call  Crlf

     mov   ecx,
     call  ExitProcess
 main ENDP

 END

● 代码，冒泡排序，二分搜索

 ; BinarySearchTest.asm，测试函数
 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc
 INCLUDE BinarySearch.inc

 LOWVAL = -
 HIGHVAL = +
 ARRAY_SIZE =         

 .data
 array DWORD ARRAY_SIZE DUP(?)

 .code
 main PROC
     call    Randomize                                           ; 初始化随机数种子
     INVOKE  FillArray, ADDR array, ARRAY_SIZE, LOWVAL, HIGHVAL  ; 用随机数填充数组
     INVOKE  PrintArray, ADDR array, ARRAY_SIZE                  ; 显示数组内容
     call    WaitMsg
     call    Crlf

     INVOKE  BubbleSort, ADDR array, ARRAY_SIZE          ; 冒泡排序
     INVOKE  PrintArray, ADDR array, ARRAY_SIZE
     call    WaitMsg
     call    Crlf

     call    AskForSearchVal                             ; 输入待查找的数字
     INVOKE  BinarySearch, ADDR array, ARRAY_SIZE, eax   ; 二叉搜索
     call    ShowResults                                 ; 输出搜索结果
     call    WaitMsg

     exit
 main ENDP

 AskForSearchVal PROC
 .data
 prompt BYTE "Signed integer to find: ",
 .code
     call    Crlf
     mov     edx, OFFSET prompt
     call    WriteString
     call    ReadInt
     ret
 AskForSearchVal ENDP

 ShowResults PROC
 .data
 msg1 BYTE "Not found.",
 msg2 BYTE "Found at index：",
 .code
 .IF eax == -
     mov     edx, OFFSET msg1
     call    WriteString
 .ELSE
     mov     edx, OFFSET msg2
     call    WriteString
     call    WriteDec
 .ENDIF
     call    Crlf
     ret
 ShowResults ENDP

 END main

 ; FillArray.asm，用 [LowerRange, UpperRange - 1] 之间随机的整数来填充数组
 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc

 .code
 FillArray PROC USES eax edi ecx edx, pArray:PTR DWORD, Count:DWORD, LowerRange:SDWORD, UpperRange:SDWORD          

     mov     edi, pArray
     mov     ecx, Count
     mov     edx, UpperRange
     sub     edx, LowerRange
     cld                         ; 清除方向标志位

 L1:
     mov     eax, edx
     call    RandomRange
     add     eax, LowerRange
     stosd                       ; eax 的值保存到 [edi]
     loop    L1

     ret
 FillArray ENDP

 END

 ; PrintArray.asm，打印数组
 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc

 .code
 PrintArray PROC USES eax ecx edx esi, pArray:PTR DWORD, Count:DWORD

 .data
 comma BYTE ", ",               ; 逗号
 .code
     mov     esi, pArray
     mov     ecx, Count
     cld

 L1:
     lodsd                       ; 读取 [ESI] 给 eax
     call    WriteInt
     mov     edx, OFFSET comma
     call    Writestring
     loop    L1

     call    Crlf
     ret
 PrintArray ENDP

 END

 ; BubbleSort.asm，冒泡排序
 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc

 .code
 BubbleSort PROC USES eax ecx esi, pArray:PTR DWORD, Count:DWORD

     mov     ecx, Count
     dec     ecx             ; 外层循环 ecx -->0

 L1:
     push    ecx             ; 内层循环，保存 ecx
     mov     esi, pArray    

 L2:
     mov     eax, [esi]      ; 取出相邻两个元素作比较
     cmp     [esi + ] ,eax
     jge     L3              ; pArray[esi] < pArray[esi + 1] 跳转，不发生交换
     xchg    eax, [esi+]
     mov    [esi], eax

 L3:
     add    esi,            ; 后移一位
     loop    L2         

     pop    ecx              ; 退到外层循环以前恢复 ecx
     loop L1            

 L4:
     ret
 BubbleSort ENDP

 END

 ; BinarySearch.asm，二分搜索
 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc

 .code
 BinarySearch PROC USES ebx edx esi edi, pArray:PTR DWORD, Count:DWORD, searchVal:DWORD

 LOCAL first:DWORD, last:DWORD, mid:DWORD

     mov     first,
     mov     eax, Count
     dec     eax
     mov     last, eax
     mov     edi, searchVal
     mov     ebx, pArray

 L1:                         ; first <= last
     mov     eax, first
     cmp     eax, last
     jg     L5               ; first > last，退出搜索

     mov     eax, last       ; 计算 mid
     add     eax, first
     shr     eax,
     mov     mid, eax

     mov     esi, mid
     shl     esi,               ; 下标乘以 4，变成数组偏移量
     mov     edx, [ebx + esi]    ; EDX = pArray[mid]

     cmp     edx, edi        ; 比较 edx 和 查找的值
     jge     L2              ; edx >= searchval 跳转
     mov     eax, mid        ; first = mid + 1
     inc     eax
     mov     first, eax
     jmp     L4

 L2:
     cmp     edx,edi         ; 比较 edx 和 查找的值
     jle     L3              ; edx <= searchval 跳转
     mov     eax, mid        ; last = mid - 1
     dec     eax
     mov     last, eax
     jmp     L4

 L3:
     mov     eax, mid        ; edx == searchval
     jmp     L9              ; 返回，eax即为找到的下标

 L4:
     jmp     L1              ; 调整过 first 或 last，继续搜索

 L5:
     mov     eax, -         ; 没找到
 L9:
     ret
 BinarySearch ENDP

 END