python导入和导出excel，以文件流形式返回前端

一、导入excel

1. 安装依赖包

pip install xlrd

2. 读取excel

getColIndex(colList:list,colName:str):
    try:
        return colList.index(colName)
    except:
        return -1

def readExcel():
    filePath = 'data/excel.xls'
    # 获取workbook，只支持xls
    workbook = xlrd.open_workbook_xls(filePath)
    # 获取第一个sheet，多个的话可以自行遍历
    sheet = workbook.sheets()[0]

    # 获取excel列头信息
    colList = sheet.row_calues(0)
    # 获取所有行(包含列头)
    allRows = sheet.nrows
    for i in range(allRows):
        # 忽略第一行列头
        if i == 0:
        continue

        # 获取要处理的行数据
        rowData = sheet.row_calues(i)
        # 获取行数据中具体某一列的值
        colIndex = getColIndex(colList, 'name')
        # 如果存在该列明
        if eolIndex > -1:
            nameValue = rowData[colIndex]
        else:
            nameValue = rowData[colIndex]

        print(nameValue)

二、导出excel

1. 安装依赖包

pip install xlwt

pip install flask

2. 写入Excel数据返回前端

import xlwt
from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/api/exceptExcel', methods=['get'])
def exceptExcel():
    # xlwt库将数据导入Excel
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    # 添加一个表 参数为表名
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1')
    # 写列头，参数依次代表行，列，内容，格式(可省略，默认文本格式输出)
    worksheet.write(0, 0, '列头1')
    worksheet.write(0, 0, '列头2')
    worksheet.write(0, 0, '列头3')
    # 写入数据行
    worksheet.write(1, 0, '1')
    worksheet.write(1, 1, '2')
    worksheet.write(1, 2, '3')

    # xlwt不支持xlsx,只支持xls
    # filePath = 'excel/excelTest.xls'
    # 保存文件到本地
    # workbook.save(filePath)

    # 文件流的形式保存到内存
    stream = io.BytesIO()
    workbook.save(stream)
    fileData = stream.getvalue()
    stream.close()

    # 读取保存的文件
    # fileData = open(filePath, 'rb').read()

    # app是Falsk实例 Flask(__name__)
    response = app.make_response(fileData)
    response.headers["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename=excel.xls'
    response.headers["Content-Type"] = 'application/x-xlsx'
    return response

3. xlwt 官方说明文档

https://pypi.org/project/xlrd

https://pypi.org/project/xlwt