(转)Android SearchView 搜索框

如果对这个效果感觉不错, 请往下看.

背景: 天气预报app, 本地数据库存储70个大中城市的基本信息, 根据用户输入的或通过搜索框选取的城市, 点击查询按钮后, 异步请求国家气象局数据, 得到返回的json解析并显示.

1. AndroidManifest.xml文件

1. <uses-sdk
2. android:minSdkVersion="11"
3. android:targetSdkVersion="16" />
4. <application>
5. <activity
6. android:name="com.lichen.weather.WeatherActivity"
7. android:launchMode="singleTop"
8. android:label="@string/app_name" >
9. <intent-filter>
10. <!-- 省略 -->
11. </intent-filter>
12. <!-- 关注1 -->
13. <!-- Receives the search request. -->
14. <intent-filter>
15. <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEARCH" />
16. <!-- No category needed, because the Intent will specify this class component-->
17. </intent-filter>
18. <!-- Points to searchable meta data. -->
19. <meta-data android:name="android.app.searchable"
20. android:resource="@xml/searchable" />
21. <!-- /关注1 -->
22. </activity>
23. <provider android:name="com.lichen.db.CityContentProvider"
24. android:authorities="com.lichen.cityprovider"
25. android:label="@string/app_name"></provider>
26. <!-- 关注2 -->
27. <!-- Points to searchable activity so the whole app can invoke search. -->
28. <meta-data android:name="android.app.default_searchable"
29. android:value="com.lichen.weather.WeatherActivity" />
30. <!-- /关注2 -->
31. </application>

2. menu菜单

1. <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
2. <item android:id="@+id/search"
3. android:title="@string/menu_search"
4. android:showAsAction="collapseActionView|ifRoom"
5. android:actionViewClass="android.widget.SearchView" />
6. </menu>

3. 然后在res目录下新建xml/searchable.xml

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2. <searchable xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
3. android:label="@string/search_label"
4. android:hint="@string/search_hint"
5. android:searchSuggestAuthority="com.lichen.cityprovider"
6. android:searchSuggestIntentAction="android.intent.action.VIEW"
7. android:searchSuggestIntentData="content://com.lichen.cityprovider/city"
8. android:searchSuggestSelection=" ?"
9. android:searchSuggestThreshold="1"
10. android:includeInGlobalSearch="true">
11. </searchable>

字符串尽量使用@string/search_label这种方式.

4. Activity交互

因为注册Activity的启动方式为android:launchMode="singleTop",需要Activity的protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {}来交互.

1. @Override
2. protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {
3. handleIntent(intent);
4. }
5. private void handleIntent(Intent intent) {
6. if (Intent.ACTION_VIEW.equals(intent.getAction())) {
7. //查询数据库
8. Cursor searchCursor = getContentResolver().query(intent.getData(), null, null, null, null);
9. if (searchCursor != null && searchCursor.moveToFirst()) {
10. cityInput.setText(searchCursor.getString(searchCursor.getColumnIndex(City.CITY_DESCRIBE)));
11. }
12. }
13. @Override
14. public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
15. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_weather, menu);
16. SearchManager searchManager = (SearchManager) getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE);
17. SearchView searchView = (SearchView) menu.findItem(R.id.search).getActionView();
18. searchView.setSearchableInfo(searchManager.getSearchableInfo(getComponentName()));
19. searchView.setIconifiedByDefault(false);
20. return true;
21. }

以上的在网上可以搜索到,接下来是重点...

5. 数据库支持

1. public class CityDatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
2. protected static final String DATABASE_NAME = "city.db";
3. protected static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 6;
4. public  String[] columns = new String[] {
5. SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1,
6. SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2,
7. SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1,
8. SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2,
9. BaseColumns._ID,
10. SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID};
11. private static final HashMap<String,String> mColumnMap = buildColumnMap();
12. public CityDatabaseHelper(Context context) {
13. super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
14. }
15. private static HashMap<String,String> buildColumnMap() {
16. HashMap<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
17. map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1, City.CITY_DESCRIBE + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1);
18. map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2, City.CITY_NICKNAME + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2);
19. map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1, City.CITY_IMG + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1);
20. map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2, City.CITY_IMG_2 + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2);
21. map.put(BaseColumns._ID, "rowid AS " + BaseColumns._ID);
22. map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID, "rowid AS " + SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID);
23. return map;
24. }
25. @Override
26. public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
27. db.execSQL("create table "
28. + City.TABLE_NAME
29. + "(_id integer primary key autoincrement, city_id integer, city_name text, city_nickname text, city_describe text, city_img text, city_img_2 text)");
30. }
31. @Override
32. public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
33. db.execSQL("drop table if exists " + City.TABLE_NAME);
34. onCreate(db);
35. }
36. /**
37. * 用于ContentProvider调用,使用like的模糊查询
38. */
39. public Cursor search(String keyWord){
40. SQLiteQueryBuilder builder=new SQLiteQueryBuilder();
41. builder.setTables(City.TABLE_NAME);
42. builder.setProjectionMap(mColumnMap);
43. SQLiteDatabase db=getReadableDatabase();
44. return builder.query(db, columns, City.CITY_NAME + " like ? " + " or " + City.CITY_NICKNAME +" like ? ", new String[]{"%"+keyWord+"%", "%"+keyWord+"%"}, null, null,null);
45. }
46. }

6. 完成searchable.xml里面注册的ContentProvider

1. public class CityContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
2. public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.lichen.cityprovider";
3. private SQLiteDatabase db;
4. private CityDatabaseHelper dbHelper;
5. private static final int QUERY_NORMAL= 1;
6. private static final int QUERY_BY_ID= 2;
7. private  static final  int QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME= 3;
8. public static UriMatcher uriMatcher;
9. static{
10. uriMatcher=new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
11. uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"city", QUERY_NORMAL);
12. uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"city/#", QUERY_BY_ID);
13. uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY, QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME);
14. uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY + "/*", QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME);
15. }
16. @Override
17. public boolean onCreate() {
18. dbHelper = new CityDatabaseHelper(getContext());
19. return dbHelper != null;
20. }
21. @Override
22. public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
23. String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
24. db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
25. switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
26. case QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME:
27. return dbHelper.search(selectionArgs[0]);
28. default:
29. throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown Uri: " + uri);
30. }
31. }
32. }

like模糊查询对于大数据量效果可想而知,FTS3的支持还未尝试,详情参考Android SDK里面的Samples/SearchableDictionary

转：http://blog.csdn.net/lc19850921/article/details/8887387