【Azure 应用服务】Java ODBC代码中，启用 Managed Identity 登录 SQL Server 报错 Managed Identity authentication is not available

问题描述

在App Service中启用Identity后，使用系统自动生成 Identity。

使用如下代码连接数据库 SQL Server：

        SQLServerDataSource dataSource = new SQLServerDataSource();
        dataSource.setServerName("yoursqlservername.database.chinacloudapi.cn"); // Replace with your server name
        dataSource.setDatabaseName("db name"); // Replace with your database name
        dataSource.setAuthentication("ActiveDirectoryMSI");
        // Optional
        dataSource.setMSIClientId("your app service systemd identity id"); // Replace with Client ID of User-Assigned Managed Identity to be used 

执行报错：

ERROR 156 --- [ Thread-8] c.a.identity.ManagedIdentityCredential : Azure Identity => ERROR in getToken() call for scopes [https://database.chinacloudapi.cn//.default]: Managed Identity authentication is not available.
ERROR 156 --- [p-nio-80-exec-3] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet] : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is com.azure.identity.CredentialUnavailableException: Managed Identity authentication is not available.]

问题解答

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其实，问题最关键的地方就是这句代码

dataSource.setMSIClientId("your app service systemd identity id"); // Replace with Client ID of User-Assigned Managed Identity to be used 

参考文档中给出的示例代码这这句代码的要求是可选(Optional)，并且说明是 当使用 User-Assigned Managed Identity的时候替换成自己的ID。

并没有说当使用System Managed Identity的时候也需要啊。

当写代码时，不小心，没有理解这句话，就会不由自主的把 System Managed Identity 的ID 添加到代码 dataSource.setMSIClientId("xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx");

就会导致了这次错误。

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所以，当使用System Managed Identity时，正确的连接代码其实很简单，就是:

        SQLServerDataSource dataSource = new SQLServerDataSource();
        dataSource.setServerName("yoursqlservername.database.chinacloudapi.cn"); // Replace with your server name
        dataSource.setDatabaseName("db name"); // Replace with your database name
        dataSource.setAuthentication("ActiveDirectoryMSI");

只有当使用的时User Managed Identity时候，才加上下面这句代码：

dataSource.setMSIClientId("your app service user identity id"); // Replace with Client ID of User-Assigned Managed Identity to be used 

参考资料

使用 Azure Active Directory 身份验证进行连接 ： https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/sql/connect/jdbc/connecting-using-azure-active-directory-authentication?view=sql-server-ver16