使用.Net Core MVC创建Web API

创建.Net Core MVC

打开appsettings.json文件，添加数据库连接

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Warning"
    }
  },
  //添加数据库连接
  "ConnectionStrings": {

    "BookContext": "Server=.;Database=Test;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*"
}

数据库的准备工作，创建表贴出SQL：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Book](
    [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [Author] [nvarchar](max) NULL,
    [Name] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
    [Price] [decimal](18, 2) NOT NULL,
    [ReleaseDate] [datetime2](7) NOT NULL,
    [Publishing] [nvarchar](max) NOT NULL,
    [RowVersion] [timestamp] NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_Book] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
    [ID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]

创建数据上下文BookContext

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace BookApi.Models
{
    public class BookContext : DbContext
    {
        public BookContext(DbContextOptions<BookContext> options) : base(options)
        {

        }

        public DbSet<Book> Book { get; set; }
    }
}

注册数据库上下文，打开Startup.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using BookApi.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;

namespace BookApi
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddDbContext<BookContext>(options => options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("BookContext")));
            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseMvc();
        }
    }
}

创建实体类Book.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace BookApi.Models
{
    public class Book
    {
        public int ID { get; set; }

        [Required]
        [StringLength(50, MinimumLength = 2)]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "出版日期")]
        [DataType(DataType.Date)]

        public DateTime ReleaseDate { get; set; }

        [Range(1, 200)]
        [DataType(DataType.Currency)]
        public decimal Price { get; set; }

        public string Author { get; set; }

        [Required]
        public string Publishing { get; set; }

        [Timestamp]
        public byte[] RowVersion { get; set; }

    }
}

创建控制器类，BookController.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using BookApi.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;

// For more information on enabling Web API for empty projects, visit https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=397860

namespace BookApi.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    [ApiController]
    public class BookController : Controller
    {
        private readonly BookContext _context;

        public BookController(BookContext context)
        {
            _context = context;

            if (_context.Book.Count() == 0)
            {
                context.Book.AddRange(
                    new Book
                    {
                        Name = "Python编程 从入门到实践",
                        ReleaseDate = DateTime.Parse("2018-1-12"),
                        Author = "埃里克·马瑟斯",
                        Price = 75.99M,
                        Publishing = "机械出版社"
                    },
                    new Book
                    {
                        Name = "Java编程的逻辑",
                        ReleaseDate = DateTime.Parse("2018-1-13"),
                        Author = "马俊昌",
                        Price = 48.50M,
                        Publishing = "机械出版社"
                    },
                    new Book
                    {
                        Name = "统计思维:大数据时代瞬间洞察因果的关键技能",
                        ReleaseDate = DateTime.Parse("2017-12-23"),
                        Author = "西内启",
                        Price = 39.00M,
                        Publishing = "清华出版社"
                    },
                    new Book
                    {
                        Name = "微信营销",
                        ReleaseDate = DateTime.Parse("2018-01-05"),
                        Author = "徐林海",
                        Price = 36.90M,
                        Publishing = "清华出版社"
                    },
                    new Book
                    {
                        Name = "Java 8实战",
                        ReleaseDate = DateTime.Parse("2016-04-05"),
                        Author = "厄马",
                        Price = 65.60M,
                        Publishing = "科技出版社"
                    }
                );
                _context.SaveChanges();
            }

        }

        // GET: api/Book
        [HttpGet]
        public async Task<ActionResult<IEnumerable<Book>>> GetBookItems()
        {
            return await _context.Book.ToListAsync();
        }

        // GET: api/Book/5
        [HttpGet("{id}")]
        public async Task<ActionResult<Book>> GetBookItem(int id)
        {
            var bookItem = await _context.Book.FindAsync(id);

            if (bookItem == null)
            {
                return NotFound();
            }
            return bookItem;
        }

        // POST: api/Book
        [HttpPost]
        public async Task<ActionResult<Book>> PostBookItem(Book item)
        {
            _context.Book.Add(item);
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            return CreatedAtAction(nameof(GetBookItem), new { id = item.ID }, item);
        }

    }
}

运行项目，使用firefox RESTer调用接口请求数据