Spring Security探究之路之开始

前言

在Spring Security介绍中,我们分析到了根据请求获取匹配的SecurityFilterChain,这个类中包含了一组Filter

接下来我们从这些Filter开始探究之旅

Spring Security Filter简介

AuthenticationFilter中的attemptAuthentication方法调用AuthenticationManager(interface)的authenticate方法,AuthenticationManager的实际是现实ProvideManager

ProviderManager 有一个配置好的认证提供者列表(AuthenticationProvider), ProviderManager 会把收到的 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken 对象传递给列表中的每一个 AuthenticationProvider 进行认证.

认证过程

AuthenticationProvider接口

public interface AuthenticationProvider {
	// ~ Methods
	// ========================================================================================================

	/**
	 * Performs authentication with the same contract as
	 * {@link org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager#authenticate(Authentication)}
	 * .
	 *
	 * @param authentication the authentication request object.
	 *
	 * @return a fully authenticated object including credentials. May return
	 * <code>null</code> if the <code>AuthenticationProvider</code> is unable to support
	 * authentication of the passed <code>Authentication</code> object. In such a case,
	 * the next <code>AuthenticationProvider</code> that supports the presented
	 * <code>Authentication</code> class will be tried.
	 *
	 * @throws AuthenticationException if authentication fails.
	 */
	Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication)
			throws AuthenticationException;

	/**
	 * Returns <code>true</code> if this <Code>AuthenticationProvider</code> supports the
	 * indicated <Code>Authentication</code> object.
	 * <p>
	 * Returning <code>true</code> does not guarantee an
	 * <code>AuthenticationProvider</code> will be able to authenticate the presented
	 * instance of the <code>Authentication</code> class. It simply indicates it can
	 * support closer evaluation of it. An <code>AuthenticationProvider</code> can still
	 * return <code>null</code> from the {@link #authenticate(Authentication)} method to
	 * indicate another <code>AuthenticationProvider</code> should be tried.
	 * </p>
	 * <p>
	 * Selection of an <code>AuthenticationProvider</code> capable of performing
	 * authentication is conducted at runtime the <code>ProviderManager</code>.
	 * </p>
	 *
	 * @param authentication
	 *
	 * @return <code>true</code> if the implementation can more closely evaluate the
	 * <code>Authentication</code> class presented
	 */
    // 支持的Authentication(interface)
    /**
    |-Authentication
      |--UsernamePassowrdAuthentication
      |--CasAuthentication
      |-- ...........

    **/

	boolean supports(Class<?> authentication);
}

ProviderManager的authencate方法：

// 依次调用AuthencationProvider
public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication)
			throws AuthenticationException {
		Class<? extends Authentication> toTest = authentication.getClass();
		AuthenticationException lastException = null;
		Authentication result = null;
		boolean debug = logger.isDebugEnabled();

    	// 遍历 AuthenticationProvider
		for (AuthenticationProvider provider : getProviders()) {
            // 当前的AuthenticationProvider是否支持Authentication
			if (!provider.supports(toTest)) {
				continue;
			}

			if (debug) {
				logger.debug("Authentication attempt using "
						+ provider.getClass().getName());
			}

			try {
				result = provider.authenticate(authentication);

                // 认证结果中如果不为null(验证成功)，则遍历结束，拷贝认证后的结果到authentication对象
				if (result != null) {
					copyDetails(authentication, result);
					break;
				}
			}
			catch (AccountStatusException e) {
				prepareException(e, authentication);
				// SEC-546: Avoid polling additional providers if auth failure is due to
				// invalid account status
				throw e;
			}
			catch (InternalAuthenticationServiceException e) {
				prepareException(e, authentication);
				throw e;
			}
			catch (AuthenticationException e) {
				lastException = e;
			}
		}

		if (result == null && parent != null) {
			// Allow the parent to try.
			try {
				result = parent.authenticate(authentication);
			}
			catch (ProviderNotFoundException e) {
				// ignore as we will throw below if no other exception occurred prior to
				// calling parent and the parent
				// may throw ProviderNotFound even though a provider in the child already
				// handled the request
			}
			catch (AuthenticationException e) {
				lastException = e;
			}
		}

		if (result != null) {
			if (eraseCredentialsAfterAuthentication
					&& (result instanceof CredentialsContainer)) {
				// Authentication is complete. Remove credentials and other secret data
				// from authentication
				((CredentialsContainer) result).eraseCredentials();
			}

			eventPublisher.publishAuthenticationSuccess(result);
			return result;
		}

		// Parent was null, or didn't authenticate (or throw an exception).

		if (lastException == null) {
			lastException = new ProviderNotFoundException(messages.getMessage(
					"ProviderManager.providerNotFound",
					new Object[] { toTest.getName() },
					"No AuthenticationProvider found for {0}"));
		}

		prepareException(lastException, authentication);

		throw lastException;
	}

授权

前面有filter处理了登录问题，接下来是否可访问指定资源的问题就由FilterSecurityInterceptor来处理了。而FilterSecurityInterceptor是用了AccessDecisionManager来进行鉴权。

来看看他干了什么

/**
	 * Method that is actually called by the filter chain. Simply delegates to the
	 * {@link #invoke(FilterInvocation)} method.
	 *
	 * @param request the servlet request
	 * @param response the servlet response
	 * @param chain the filter chain
	 *
	 * @throws IOException if the filter chain fails
	 * @throws ServletException if the filter chain fails
	 */
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
                     FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
    FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);
    invoke(fi);
}

public void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException, ServletException {
    if ((fi.getRequest() != null)
        && (fi.getRequest().getAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED) != null)
        && observeOncePerRequest) {
        // filter already applied to this request and user wants us to observe
        // once-per-request handling, so don't re-do security checking
        fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());
    }
    else {
        // first time this request being called, so perform security checking
        if (fi.getRequest() != null && observeOncePerRequest) {
            fi.getRequest().setAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED, Boolean.TRUE);
        }

        // 调用前

        // 该过程中会调用 AccessDecisionManager 来验证当前已认证成功的用户是否有权限访问该资源
        InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);

        try {
            fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());
        }
        finally {
            super.finallyInvocation(token);
        }

        // 调用后
        super.afterInvocation(token, null);
    }
}