模拟controfile丢失与重建

--模拟controlfile丢失与重建

----------------------------------------------------------------2013/09/21

1. 关闭数据库。

2. 将controlfile重命名模拟丢失。

[Oracle@localhost august]$ mv control01.ctl control01.ctl_bkp

[Oracle@localhost august]$ mv control02.ctl control02.ctl_bkp

3. 使用rman启动数据库。

RMAN> startup mount;

Oracle instance started

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 09/20/2013 20:03:34

ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

没有control file只能启动到nomount状态。

4. 即使没有控制文件，RMAN还是能识别自己的autobackup目录，可以直接使用下面命令

RMAN> restore controlfile to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/control01.ctl' from autobackup;

我们可以也通过直接指定自动备份集来进行恢复。

RMAN> restore controlfile to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/control01.ctl' from '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_20/o1_mf_s_826618674_93rss9os_.bkp';

Starting restore at 20-SEP-13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished restore at 20-SEP-13

启动数据库到mount

RMAN> alter database mount;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 09/20/2013 20:22:24

ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

--因为ORACLE这里要求所有的控制的文件都要被一致的恢复，在此数据库中有两份控制文件，我们这里只恢复了一份，它不能识别。这些信息在参数文件中指定好了。

RMAN>  restore controlfile to '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/august/control02.ctl' from autobackup;

Starting restore at 20-SEP-13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

recovery area destination: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august

database name (or database unique name) used for search: AUGUST

channel ORA_DISK_1: AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_20/o1_mf_s_826618674_93rss9os_.bkp found in the recovery area

channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20130920

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_20/o1_mf_s_826618674_93rss9os_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: control file restore from AUTOBACKUP complete

Finished restore at 20-SEP-13

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

恢复另一份控制文件后，就可以正常mount了。

或者我们可以直接采用下面这种方式，ORACLE自己决定恢复的目录。

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_20/o1_mf_s_826618674_93rss9os_.bkp';

Starting restore at 20-SEP-13

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/control01.ctl

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/august/control02.ctl

Finished restore at 20-SEP-13

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

由于控制文件恢复，进行数据库恢复，同步文件信息。

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 20-SEP-13

Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 20-SEP-13

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK

Crosschecked 3 objects

Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 20-SEP-13

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 20-SEP-13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 20-SEP-13

searching for all files in the recovery area

cataloging files...

cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files

=======================

File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_20/o1_mf_s_826618674_93rss9os_.bkp

using channel ORA_DISK_1

/*完成更新同步控制文件中的备份信息*/

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/redo01.log

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/redo01.log thread=1 sequence=1

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:09

Finished recover at 20-SEP-13

/*完成介质恢复*/

--转储数据文件头文件

SQL> alter session set events 'immediate trace name file_hdrs level 10';

*** 2013-09-20 21:06:30.810

DUMP OF DATA FILES: 4 files in database

DATA FILE #1:

  name #7: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/system01.dbf

creation size=0 block size=8192 status=0xe head=7 tail=7 dup=1

 tablespace 0, index=1 krfil=1 prev_file=0

 unrecoverable scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00

 Checkpoint cnt:105 scn: 0x0000.000d0471 09/20/2013 19:59:32    /*853105 : <1> 845017 --2.8147E+14 1号日志文件*/

 Stop scn: 0x0000.000d0471 09/20/2013 19:59:32

--转储新的控制信息

-DATABASE

Database checkpoint: Thread=1 scn: 0x0000.000ce4dc /*847180*/

-CHECKPOINT

low cache rba:(0x1.3.0) on disk rba:(0x1.72.0)

on disk scn: 0x0000.000ce57a 09/20/2013 08:17:51  /*845178*/  /*检查点都没有得到更新，数据库还没打开也可以理解*/

-DATAFILE

Checkpoint cnt:105 scn: 0x0000.000d0471 09/20/2013 19:59:32

 Stop scn: 0x0000.000d0471 09/20/2013 19:59:32    /*datafile的信息都同步为最新*/

--打开数据库

RMAN> alter database open;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 09/20/2013 20:59:08

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

RMAN> alter database open noresetlogs;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "identifier": expecting one of: "resetlogs, ;"

RMAN-01008: the bad identifier was: noresetlogs

RMAN-01007: at line 1 column 21 file: standard input

--可见即使信息同步了，我们也只能以resetlogs方式打开数据库。这里需要指出常见的几种情况，需要以resetlogs方式打开数据库。

1. 在执行了不完全恢复之后。

2. 在使用了备份的控制文件进行恢复后。

3. 使用带有resetlogs选项创建的控制文件恢复之后。

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

database opened