《WPF程序设计指南》读书笔记——第6章 Dock与Grid

1.DockPanel面板

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace LY.DockAroundTheBlock
{
    class DockAroundTheBlock:Window
    {
        [STAThread]
        public static void Main()
        {
            new Application().Run(new DockAroundTheBlock());
        }
        public DockAroundTheBlock()
        {
            Title = "Dock Around The Block";
            DockPanel dock = new DockPanel();
            //LastChildFill属性默认值为true
            //dock.LastChildFill = false;
            Content = dock;
            for (int i = 0; i < 17; i++)
            {
                Button btn = new Button();
                btn.Content = "Button No. " + (i + 1);
                dock.Children.Add(btn);
                //将数值直接转换为枚举
                //以下两种方法都可以
                //btn.SetValue(DockPanel.DockProperty, (Dock)(i % 4));
                DockPanel.SetDock(btn, (Dock)(i % 4));
            }
        }
    }
}

2.Grid面板　　

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace LY.CalculateYourLife
{
    class CalculateYourLife : Window
    {
        TextBox txtboxBegin, txtboxEnd;
        Label lblLifeYears;

        [STAThread]
        public static void Main()
        {
            Application app = new Application();
            app.Run(new CalculateYourLife());
        }
        public CalculateYourLife()
        {
            Title = "Calculate Your Life";
            SizeToContent = SizeToContent.WidthAndHeight;
            ResizeMode = ResizeMode.CanMinimize;

            Grid grid = new Grid();
            Content = grid;
            //显示Grid面板的网格线
            grid.ShowGridLines = true;
            // 行和列的定义
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                //RowDefinitions是RowDefinition的集合
                //用于定义网格的行
                RowDefinition rowdef = new RowDefinition();
                /*
                 * GridLength是结构体,可以用GridLength.Auto静态属性定义行的高度，如果
                 *用GridLength.Pixel(固定大小)或GridLength.Star(可用空间百分比)枚举
                 *也可以用new GridLength()构造函数，来指定固定大小或分配权重
                 *如果在new GridLength()构造函数中用GridLength.Auto枚举，则会忽略数值
                */
                rowdef.Height = GridLength.Auto;//根据内容自动设定高度
                //rowdef.Height = new GridLength(100, GridUnitType.Pixel);
                //Grid会将所有GridUnitType.Star枚举值加起来得到总和，然后
                //让每个值除以总和，以决定空间分配比
                //rowdef.Height = new GridLength(20, GridUnitType.Star);
                //如果用无参数构造函数，则默认为GridUnitType.Star,权重值为1
　　　　　　　　 //rowdef.Height = new GridLength();　　　
                grid.RowDefinitions.Add(rowdef);
            }

            for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
            {
                ColumnDefinition coldef = new ColumnDefinition();
                coldef.Width = GridLength.Auto;
                grid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(coldef);
            }

            // First label.
            Label lbl = new Label();
            lbl.Content = "Begin Date: ";
            grid.Children.Add(lbl);
            //将控件放到Grid面板中
            Grid.SetRow(lbl, 0);
            Grid.SetColumn(lbl, 0);

            // First TextBox.
            txtboxBegin = new TextBox();
            txtboxBegin.Text = new DateTime(1980, 1, 1).ToShortDateString();
            txtboxBegin.TextChanged += TextBoxOnTextChanged;
            grid.Children.Add(txtboxBegin);
            Grid.SetRow(txtboxBegin, 0);
            Grid.SetColumn(txtboxBegin, 1);

            // Second label.
            lbl = new Label();
            lbl.Content = "End Date: ";
            grid.Children.Add(lbl);
            Grid.SetRow(lbl, 1);
            Grid.SetColumn(lbl, 0);

            // Second TextBox.
            txtboxEnd = new TextBox();
            txtboxEnd.TextChanged += TextBoxOnTextChanged;
            grid.Children.Add(txtboxEnd);
            Grid.SetRow(txtboxEnd, 1);
            Grid.SetColumn(txtboxEnd, 1);

            // Third label.
            lbl = new Label();
            lbl.Content = "Life Years: ";
            grid.Children.Add(lbl);
            Grid.SetRow(lbl, 2);
            Grid.SetColumn(lbl, 0);

            // Label for calculated result.
            lblLifeYears = new Label();
            grid.Children.Add(lblLifeYears);
            Grid.SetRow(lblLifeYears, 2);
            Grid.SetColumn(lblLifeYears, 1);

            // Set margin for everybody.
            Thickness thick = new Thickness(5);
            grid.Margin = thick;
            //遍历控件
            foreach (Control ctrl in grid.Children)
                ctrl.Margin = thick;

            txtboxBegin.Focus();
            txtboxEnd.Text = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();
        }
        void TextBoxOnTextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs args)
        {
            DateTime dtBeg, dtEnd;

            if (DateTime.TryParse(txtboxBegin.Text, out dtBeg) &&
                DateTime.TryParse(txtboxEnd.Text, out dtEnd))
            {
                int iYears = dtEnd.Year - dtBeg.Year;
                int iMonths = dtEnd.Month - dtBeg.Month;
                int iDays = dtEnd.Day - dtBeg.Day;

                if (iDays < 0)
                {
                    iDays += DateTime.DaysInMonth(dtEnd.Year,
                                            1 + (dtEnd.Month + 10) % 12);
                    iMonths -= 1;
                }
                if (iMonths < 0)
                {
                    iMonths += 12;
                    iYears -= 1;
                }
                lblLifeYears.Content =
                    String.Format("{0} year{1}, {2} month{3}, {4} day{5}",
                                  iYears, iYears == 1 ? "" : "s",
                                  iMonths, iMonths == 1 ? "" : "s",
                                  iDays, iDays == 1 ? "" : "s");
            }
            else
            {
                lblLifeYears.Content = "";
            }
        }
    }
}

　

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace LY.EnterTheGrid
{
    public class EnterTheGrid : Window
    {
        [STAThread]
        public static void Main()
        {
            Application app = new Application();
            app.Run(new EnterTheGrid());
        }
        public EnterTheGrid()
        {
            Title = "Enter the Grid";
            MinWidth = 300;
            SizeToContent = SizeToContent.WidthAndHeight;

            //新建一个StackPanel
            StackPanel stack = new StackPanel();
            Content = stack;

            //新建Grid面板，并且加入到StackPanel
            Grid grid1 = new Grid();
            grid1.Margin = new Thickness(5);
            stack.Children.Add(grid1);

            //设定行
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
            {
                RowDefinition rowdef = new RowDefinition();
                rowdef.Height = GridLength.Auto;
                grid1.RowDefinitions.Add(rowdef);
            }

            //设定列
            ColumnDefinition coldef = new ColumnDefinition();
            coldef.Width = GridLength.Auto;
            grid1.ColumnDefinitions.Add(coldef);
            coldef = new ColumnDefinition();
            //第二列会随着边框拉大而自动变大，因为其GridUnitType为Star
            coldef.Width = new GridLength(100, GridUnitType.Star);
            grid1.ColumnDefinitions.Add(coldef);

            //创建labels控件
            string[] strLabels = { "_First name:", "_Last name:",
                                   "_Social security number:",
                                   "_Credit card number:",
                                   "_Other personal stuff:" };

            for(int i = 0; i < strLabels.Length; i++)
            {
                Label lbl = new Label();
                lbl.Content = strLabels[i];
                lbl.VerticalContentAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;
                grid1.Children.Add(lbl);
                Grid.SetRow(lbl, i);
                Grid.SetColumn(lbl, 0);

                TextBox txtbox = new TextBox();
                txtbox.Margin = new Thickness(5);
                grid1.Children.Add(txtbox);
                Grid.SetRow(txtbox, i);
                Grid.SetColumn(txtbox, 1);
            }

            //再新建一个Grid面板，并且加入到StackPanel
            Grid grid2 = new Grid();
            grid2.Margin = new Thickness(10);
            stack.Children.Add(grid2);

            // 因为grid2只需要有一行，因此不用定义行
            // 默认方式下是Star枚举，权重值为1
            grid2.ColumnDefinitions.Add(new ColumnDefinition());
            grid2.ColumnDefinitions.Add(new ColumnDefinition());
            grid2.ColumnDefinitions.Add(new ColumnDefinition());
            grid2.ShowGridLines = true;
            //加入按钮
            Button btn = new Button();
            btn.Content = "Submit";
            btn.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
            btn.IsDefault = true;
            btn.Click += delegate { Close(); };
            grid2.Children.Add(btn);    // 默认情况下行和列都是0
            Grid.SetColumnSpan(btn, 2); // 跨两个列

            btn = new Button();
            btn.Content = "Cancel";
            btn.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
            btn.IsCancel = true;
            btn.Click += delegate { Close(); };
            grid2.Children.Add(btn);
            Grid.SetColumn(btn, 2);     //默认行是0.

            //设定激活控件
            (stack.Children[0] as Panel).Children[1].Focus();
       }
    }
}

3.GridSplitter控件（只能在Grid面板中使用）

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace LY.SplitNine
{
    class SplitNine:Window
    {
        [STAThread]
        public static void Main()
        {
            new Application().Run(new SplitNine());
        }
        public SplitNine()
        {
            Title = "Split Nine";
            Grid grid = new Grid();
            grid.ShowGridLines = true;
            Content = grid;
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                grid.RowDefinitions.Add(new RowDefinition());
                grid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(new ColumnDefinition());
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
                {
                    Button btn = new Button();
                    btn.Content = "行" + j + "列" + i;
                    btn.Margin = new Thickness(5);
                    grid.Children.Add(btn);
                    //Grid类静态方法设定控件在Grid面板上位置
                    Grid.SetRow(btn, j);
                    Grid.SetColumn(btn, i);
                }
            }
            GridSplitter split = new GridSplitter();
            //是否同时显示拖动前的split控件位置
            split.ShowsPreview = true;
            //split默认在网格cell中靠右伸展
            //水平分隔控件
            split.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch;
            split.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
            //垂直分隔控件
            //split.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
            //split.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Stretch;
            //拖动split会影响到哪些行和列
            split.ResizeBehavior = GridResizeBehavior.CurrentAndNext;
            //拖动split会影响到行还是列
            split.ResizeDirection = GridResizeDirection.Rows;
            //split默认宽度和高度为0，所以必须设一个值
            //注意：水平分隔时，不能只设width（Stretch属性设定了）不设Heigth
            //注意：垂直分隔时，不能只设Heigth（Stretch属性设定了）不设width
            //注意：否则分割线没有Heigth或width都会显示不出来
            split.Width = 30;
            split.Height = 20;
            split.Background = Brushes.Red;
            split.Margin = new Thickness(10);
            grid.Children.Add(split);
            Grid.SetRow(split, 1);
            Grid.SetColumn(split, 1);
            //Grid.SetRowSpan(split,3);
        }
    }
}

4.ScrollBar控件

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Controls.Primitives;
using System.Windows.Media;

class ColorScroll : Window
{
    ScrollBar[] scrolls = new ScrollBar[3];
    TextBlock[] txtValue = new TextBlock[3];
    Panel pnlColor;

    [STAThread]
    public static void Main()
    {
        Application app = new Application();
        app.Run(new ColorScroll());
    }
    public ColorScroll()
    {
        Title = "Color Scroll";
        Width = 500;
        Height = 300;

        // GridMain contains a vertical splitter.
        Grid gridMain = new Grid();
        Content = gridMain;

        // GridMain column definitions.
        ColumnDefinition coldef = new ColumnDefinition();
        coldef.Width = new GridLength(200, GridUnitType.Pixel);
        gridMain.ColumnDefinitions.Add(coldef);

        coldef = new ColumnDefinition();
        coldef.Width = GridLength.Auto;
        gridMain.ColumnDefinitions.Add(coldef);

        coldef = new ColumnDefinition();
        coldef.Width = new GridLength(100, GridUnitType.Star);
        gridMain.ColumnDefinitions.Add(coldef);

        // Vertical splitter.
        GridSplitter split = new GridSplitter();
        split.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
        split.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Stretch;
        split.Width = 6;
        gridMain.Children.Add(split);
        Grid.SetRow(split, 0);
        Grid.SetColumn(split, 1);

        // Panel on right side of splitter to display color
        pnlColor = new StackPanel();
        pnlColor.Background = new SolidColorBrush(SystemColors.WindowColor);
        gridMain.Children.Add(pnlColor);
        Grid.SetRow(pnlColor, 0);
        Grid.SetColumn(pnlColor, 2);

        // Secondary grid at left of splitter
        Grid grid = new Grid();
        gridMain.Children.Add(grid);
        Grid.SetRow(grid, 0);
        Grid.SetColumn(grid, 0);

        // Three rows for label, scroll, and label.
        RowDefinition rowdef = new RowDefinition();
        rowdef.Height = GridLength.Auto;
        grid.RowDefinitions.Add(rowdef);

        rowdef = new RowDefinition();
        rowdef.Height = new GridLength(100, GridUnitType.Star);
        grid.RowDefinitions.Add(rowdef);

        rowdef = new RowDefinition();
        rowdef.Height = GridLength.Auto;
        grid.RowDefinitions.Add(rowdef);

        // Three columns for Red, Green, and Blue.
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
        {
            coldef = new ColumnDefinition();
            coldef.Width = new GridLength(33, GridUnitType.Star);
            grid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(coldef);
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
        {
            Label lbl = new Label();
            lbl.Content = new string[] { "Red", "Green", "Blue" }[i];
            lbl.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
            grid.Children.Add(lbl);
            Grid.SetRow(lbl, 0);
            Grid.SetColumn(lbl, i);

            scrolls[i] = new ScrollBar();
            scrolls[i].Focusable = true;
            scrolls[i].Orientation = Orientation.Vertical;
            scrolls[i].Minimum = 0;
            scrolls[i].Maximum = 255;
            scrolls[i].SmallChange = 1;
            scrolls[i].LargeChange = 16;
            scrolls[i].ValueChanged += ScrollOnValueChanged;
            grid.Children.Add(scrolls[i]);
            Grid.SetRow(scrolls[i], 1);
            Grid.SetColumn(scrolls[i], i);

            txtValue[i] = new TextBlock();
            txtValue[i].TextAlignment = TextAlignment.Center;
            txtValue[i].HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
            txtValue[i].Margin = new Thickness(5);
            grid.Children.Add(txtValue[i]);
            Grid.SetRow(txtValue[i], 2);
            Grid.SetColumn(txtValue[i], i);
        }

        // Initialize scroll bars.
        Color clr = (pnlColor.Background as SolidColorBrush).Color;
        scrolls[0].Value = clr.R;
        scrolls[1].Value = clr.G;
        scrolls[2].Value = clr.B;

        // Set initial focus.
        scrolls[0].Focus();
    }
    void ScrollOnValueChanged(object sender, RoutedEventArgs args)
    {
        ScrollBar scroll = sender as ScrollBar;
        Panel pnl = scroll.Parent as Panel;
        TextBlock txt = pnl.Children[1 +
                                pnl.Children.IndexOf(scroll)] as TextBlock;

        txt.Text = String.Format("{0}\n0x{0:X2}", (int)scroll.Value);
        pnlColor.Background =
            new SolidColorBrush(
                Color.FromRgb((byte) scrolls[0].Value,
                              (byte) scrolls[1].Value,(byte) scrolls[2].Value));
    }
}