使用Jenkins进行android项目的自动构建（2）

Maven and POM

1. 什么是Maven？

官方的解释是： http://maven.apache.org/guides/getting-started/index.html#What_is_Maven

2. 什么是POM

官方的解释是： http://maven.apache.org/pom.html#What_is_the_POM

3. POM的具体例子

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.example.demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <packaging>apk</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- 加入android依赖，scope=provided -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.android</groupId>
            <artifactId>android</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.1.4</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 加入android项目依赖，type=apklib -->
        <!-- 如果是android library形式的依赖，需使用这种，使用前需要将项目打包成apklib并上传到仓库 -->
        <!-- 如果使用maven打包library依赖，pom.xml需改用 <packaging>apklib</packaging> ，并用install命令上传 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example.demo</groupId>
            <artifactId>android-framework</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0</version>
            <type>apklib</type>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 加入facebook依赖，type=aar -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>fr.avianey</groupId>
            <artifactId>facebook-android-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.0</version>
            <type>aar</type>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 加入android support依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.android</groupId>
            <artifactId>support-v4</artifactId>
            <version>r7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 加入junit依赖，scope=test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <maven.build.timestamp.format>yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss</maven.build.timestamp.format><!-- 增加一个时间戳的属性，生成的apk名可以加入该属性 -->
    </properties>

    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>dev</id>
            <properties>
                <package.type>dev</package.type><!-- 增加一个包类型的属性，mvn命令以参数-P传入，生成的apk名可以加入该属性 -->
            </properties>
            <build>
                <!-- 打包后替换apk中的指定文件 -->
                <!--
                <resources>
                    <resource>
                        <directory>res\values\dev</directory>
                        <targetPath>config</targetPath>
                        <includes>
                            <include>strings.*</include>
                        </includes>
                    </resource>
                    <resource>
                        <directory>res\layout</directory>
                        <filtering>true</filtering>
                        <includes>
                            <include>*.*</include>
                        </includes>
                    </resource>
                </resources>
                -->
            </build>
        </profile>

        <profile>
            <id>prod</id>
            <properties>
                <package.type>prod</package.type><!-- 增加一个包类型的属性，mvn命令以参数-P传入，生成的apk名可以加入该属性 -->
            </properties>
                <build><!--
                <resources>
                    <resource>
                        <directory>res\values\prod</directory>
                        <targetPath>config</targetPath>
                        <includes>
                        <include>*.*</include>
                        </includes>
                    </resource>
                </resources>-->
            </build>
        </profile>
    </profiles>

    <build>
        <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory><!-- 源代码目录 -->
        <testSourceDirectory>test</testSourceDirectory><!-- 测试代码目录 -->
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}_${project.version}_${package.type}_${maven.build.timestamp}</finalName><!-- 生成的apk文件名 -->
        <plugins>
            <!-- android-maven-plugin，打包apk -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2</groupId>
                <artifactId>android-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <sdk>
                        <platform>19</platform>
                        <!--
                        <path>D:\adt-bundle\sdk</path>
                        -->
                    </sdk>
                    <!-- "false"执行代码混淆 -->
                    <proguard>
                        <skip>false</skip><!--
                        <config>proguard.cfg</config>
                        <jvmArguments>
                            <jvmArgument>-Xms256m</jvmArgument>
                            <jvmArgument>-Xmx512m</jvmArgument>
                        </jvmArguments>-->
                    </proguard>
                    <deleteConflictingFiles>true</deleteConflictingFiles>
                    <undeployBeforeDeploy>true</undeployBeforeDeploy>
                    <sign>
                        <debug>false</debug><!-- 生成未签名的apk -->
                    </sign>
                </configuration>
                <extensions>true</extensions>
                <inherited>true</inherited>
            </plugin>
            <!-- maven-jarsigner-plugin，用于创建签名 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jarsigner-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.2</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>signing</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>sign</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <inherited>true</inherited>
                        <configuration>
                            <removeExistingSignatures>true</removeExistingSignatures>
                            <archiveDirectory></archiveDirectory>
                            <!-- SF 和 RSA的文件名 -->
                            <sigfile>CERT</sigfile>
                            <!-- 用于签名的apk（貌似这一项不起作用） -->
                            <includes>
                                <include>${project.artifactId}_${project.version}_${package.type}_${maven.build.timestamp}.apk</include>
                            </includes>
                            <keystore>D:\keys\key.store</keystore><!-- keystore位置 -->
                            <storepass>123456</storepass><!-- store密码 -->
                            <keypass>123456</keypass><!-- key密码-->
                            <alias>maven_demo</alias><!-- alias -->
                            <verbose>false</verbose><!-- 是否输出过程讯息 -->
                            <!-- 指定加密算法 -->
                            <arguments>
                                <argument>-sigalg</argument><argument>MD5withRSA</argument>
                                <argument>-digestalg</argument><argument>SHA1</argument>
                            </arguments>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-android-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.8.4</version>
                <inherited>true</inherited>
                <configuration>
                    <sign>
                        <debug>false</debug>
                    </sign>
                    <!-- zipalign对齐优化 -->
                    <zipalign>
                        <verbose>false</verbose>
                        <inputApk>target\${project.artifactId}_${project.version}_${package.type}_${maven.build.timestamp}.apk</inputApk>
                        <outputApk>target\${project.artifactId}_${project.version}_${package.type}_${maven.build.timestamp}-aligned.apk</outputApk>
                    </zipalign>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>alignApk</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>zipalign</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

            <!-- jacoco plugin检查测试代码覆盖率 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>0.7.1.201405082137</version>
                <executions>
                    <!-- prepare agent for measuring integration tests -->
                    <execution>
                        <id>jacoco-initialize</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                    <execution>
                        <id>jacoco-site</id>
                        <phase>post-integration-test</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>report</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <!-- 生成测试代码覆盖率报告 -->
    <reporting>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>0.7.1.201405082137</version>
                <reportSets>
                    <reportSet>
                        <reports>
                            <report>report</report>
                        </reports>
                    </reportSet>
                </reportSets>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </reporting>
</project>

例子中各个plugin的版本互相有依赖关系的，如果换了其他版本，有可能导致失败。有时在运行测试的过程会提示java.lang.RuntimeException: Stub! at junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:30)，可以尝试调整dependencies中的依赖顺序来解决问题。

最后打包出来的apk，可以用aapt dump badging APK文件名来查看包信息，解压出CERT.RSA，用keytool -printcert -file CERT.RSA 命令来查看签名的MD5、SHA1、SHA256值及签名算法。