转载--linux filesystem structures
In this article, let us review the Linux filesystem structures and understand the meaning of individual high-level directories.
1. / – Root
- Every single file and directory starts from the root directory.
- Only root user has write privilege under this directory.
- Please note that /root is root user’s home directory, which is not same as /.
2. /bin – User Binaries
- Contains binary executables.
- Common linux commands you need to use in single-user modes are located under this directory.
- Commands used by all the users of the system are located here.
- For example: ps, ls, ping, grep, cp.
3. /sbin – System Binaries
- Just like /bin, /sbin also contains binary executables.
- But, the linux commands located under this directory are used typically by system aministrator, for system maintenance purpose.
- For example: iptables, reboot, fdisk, ifconfig, swapon
4. /etc – Configuration Files
- Contains configuration files required by all programs.
- This also contains startup and shutdown shell scripts used to start/stop individual programs.
- For example: /etc/resolv.conf, /etc/logrotate.conf
5. /dev – Device Files
- Contains device files.
- These include terminal devices, usb, or any device attached to the system.
- For example: /dev/tty1, /dev/usbmon0
6. /proc – Process Information
- Contains information about system process.
- This is a pseudo filesystem contains information about running
process. For example: /proc/{pid} directory contains information about
the process with that particular pid. - This is a virtual filesystem with text information about system resources. For example: /proc/uptime
7. /var – Variable Files
- var stands for variable files.
- Content of the files that are expected to grow can be found under this directory.
- This includes — system log files (/var/log); packages and
database files (/var/lib); emails (/var/mail); print queues
(/var/spool); lock files (/var/lock); temp files needed across reboots
(/var/tmp);
8. /tmp – Temporary Files
- Directory that contains temporary files created by system and users.
- Files under this directory are deleted when system is rebooted.
9. /usr – User Programs
- Contains binaries, libraries, documentation, and source-code for second level programs.
- /usr/bin contains binary files for user programs. If you can’t
find a user binary under /bin, look under /usr/bin. For example: at,
awk, cc, less, scp - /usr/sbin contains binary files for system administrators. If
you can’t find a system binary under /sbin, look under /usr/sbin. For
example: atd, cron, sshd, useradd, userdel - /usr/lib contains libraries for /usr/bin and /usr/sbin
- /usr/local contains users programs that you install from source.
For example, when you install apache from source, it goes under
/usr/local/apache2
10. /home – Home Directories
- Home directories for all users to store their personal files.
- For example: /home/john, /home/nikita
11. /boot – Boot Loader Files
- Contains boot loader related files.
- Kernel initrd, vmlinux, grub files are located under /boot
- For example: initrd.img-2.6.32-24-generic, vmlinuz-2.6.32-24-generic
12. /lib – System Libraries
- Contains library files that supports the binaries located under /bin and /sbin
- Library filenames are either ld* or lib*.so.*
- For example: ld-2.11.1.so, libncurses.so.5.7
13. /opt – Optional add-on Applications
- opt stands for optional.
- Contains add-on applications from individual vendors.
- add-on applications should be installed under either /opt/ or /opt/ sub-directory.
14. /mnt – Mount Directory
- Temporary mount directory where sysadmins can mount filesystems.
15. /media – Removable Media Devices
- Temporary mount directory for removable devices.
- For examples, /media/cdrom for CD-ROM; /media/floppy for floppy drives; /media/cdrecorder for CD writer
16. /srv – Service Data
- srv stands for service.
- Contains server specific services related data.
- For example, /srv/cvs contains CVS related data.
转载--linux filesystem structures的更多相关文章
- Linux filesystem structures.
1. / – Root Every single file and directory starts from the root directory. Only root user has write ...
- [轉]Linux Data Structures
Table of Contents, Show Frames, No Frames Chapter 15 Linux Data Structures This appendix lists the m ...
- buildroot linux filesystem 初探
/****************************************************************************** * buildroot linux fi ...
- RH033读书笔记(15)-Lab 16 The Linux Filesystem
Lab 16 The Linux Filesystem Goal: Develop a better understanding of Linux filesystem essentials incl ...
- Linux & Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
Linux & Filesystem Hierarchy Standard The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard of Linux https://zhuanla ...
- [转载]Linux进程调度原理
[转载]Linux进程调度原理 Linux进程调度原理 Linux进程调度的目标 1.高效性:高效意味着在相同的时间下要完成更多的任务.调度程序会被频繁的执行,所以调度程序要尽可能的高效: 2.加强交 ...
- [转载]Linux下非root用户如何安装软件
[转载]Linux下非root用户如何安装软件 来源:https://tlanyan.me/work-with-linux-without-root-permission/ 这是本人遇到的实际问题,之 ...
- [转载]Linux 命令详解:./configure、make、make install 命令
[转载]Linux 命令详解:./configure.make.make install 命令 来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/tinywan/p/7230039.html 这些 ...
- [转载]Linux缓存机制
[转载]Linux缓存机制 来源:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38278334/article/details/96478405 linux下的缓存机制及清理buffer ...
随机推荐
- hdu 5105 求函数极值 函数求导/三分法
http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=5105 给定a,b,c,d,l,r,表示有一个函数f(x)=|a∗x3+b∗x2+c∗x+d|(L≤x≤R),求函 ...
- chrome 问题
1.chrome表单自动填充去掉input黄色背景解决方案 http://blog.csdn.net/wangxiaohui6687/article/details/10149579 2.chrome ...
- 解决Ubuntu发热量大的问题
转自:http://blog.csdn.net/tracker_w/article/details/8801971 用Ubuntu 的朋友应该都有体会,开机不久风扇就开始狂转,本本也会很热.据说是双显 ...
- 升级java8---from centos
安装步骤: wget http://10.107.2.44/jdk-8u111-linux-x64.tar.gz root@ute-image:~# tar zxf jdk-8u111-linux-x ...
- 直接代码POST数据调用WebService
ps:使用过webservice的童鞋大概都明白它是基于Soap协议交换数据的,同时Soap协议是对HTTP协议的扩展,其实我们就可以认为调用一个WEB服务就是通过http协议GET或POST数据的过 ...
- spring核心框架体系结构
很多人都在用spring开发java项目,但是配置maven依赖的时候并不能明确要配置哪些spring的jar,经常是胡乱添加一堆,编译或运行报错就继续配置jar依赖,导致spring依赖混乱,甚至下 ...
- 避开WebForm天坑,拥抱ASP.Net MVC吧
有鹏友在如鹏网的QQ群中提了一个问题: 请问,在ASP.Net中如何隐藏一个MenuItem,我想根据不同的权限,对功能菜单进行隐藏,用style不行. 如果要仅仅解答这个问题,很好解答,答案很简单: ...
- MQTT协议简记
MQTT - MQ Telemetry Transport 轻量级的 machine-to-machine 通信协议. publish/subscribe模式. 基于TCP/IP. 支持QoS. ...
- 人人都是 DBA(XI)I/O 信息收集脚本汇编
什么?有个 SQL 执行了 8 秒! 哪里出了问题?臣妾不知道啊,得找 DBA 啊. DBA 人呢?离职了!!擦!!! 程序员在无处寻求帮助时,就得想办法自救,努力让自己变成 "伪 DBA& ...
- java那些小事---用偶数做判断,不要用基数做判断
今天做项目遇到这样一个奇葩问题:我们先看如下代码: int ftcs = dealFtcs(ftcs); if(ftcs % 2 == 1){ //奇数 /* * 处理..... */ } ...