oracle 配置DBlink 链接mysql库

一，环境配置与准备、简介

\	oracle	mysql
主机名	oracle01	mysqlre1
IP	192.168.0.10	192.168.0.187

　　　　本文章是oracle通过dblink连接mysql

二,安装基础环境

　　01，透明网关、ODBC

　　　　　默认安装oracle数据库的时候，会配置安装好这个，当然有的还是会没有安装的，验证是否安装：　　　

在oracle环境下：
    [oracle@oracle01 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/hs/
    

这个就代表安装成功了。

　　如果没有的话：

　　　访问网站：https://www.oracle.com/downloads/

我的是11G然后进去，然后下载数据库文件来下载gatways软件，具体还是百度吧，我有这个，------，不懂联系我

　　02，ODBC-mysql安装

　　　　　官网下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/odbc/

　　　　　rpm 下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-ODBC/8.0/mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

　　　我直接下载rpm的。

安装：

安装基础安装包：

yum install unixODBC*

 [root@oracle01 ~]# yum install unixODBC*
 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
 base                                                             | 3.6 kB  ::
 epel                                                             | 5.3 kB  ::
 extras                                                           | 2.9 kB  ::
 updates                                                          | 2.9 kB  ::
 zabbix                                                           | 2.9 kB  ::
 zabbix-non-supported                                             |   B  ::
 (/): base//x86_64/group_gz                                    |  kB  ::
 (/): epel/x86_64/group_gz                                      |   kB  ::
 (/): extras//x86_64/primary_db                                |  kB  ::
 (/): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                    | 1.0 MB  ::
 (/): zabbix/x86_64/primary_db                                  |  kB  ::
 (/): base//x86_64/primary_db                                  | 6.0 MB  ::
 (/): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                    | 6.9 MB  ::
 (/): updates//x86_64/primary_db                               | 5.8 MB  ::
 Determining fastest mirrors
  * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
 Resolving Dependencies
 --> Running transaction check
 ---> Package unixODBC.x86_64 :2.3.-.el7 will be updated
 ---> Package unixODBC.x86_64 :2.3.-.el7 will be an update
 ---> Package unixODBC-devel.x86_64 :2.3.-.el7 will be updated
 ---> Package unixODBC-devel.x86_64 :2.3.-.el7 will be an update
 --> Finished Dependency Resolution

 Dependencies Resolved

 ========================================================================================
  Package                  Arch             Version                 Repository      Size
 ========================================================================================
 Updating:
  unixODBC                 x86_64           2.3.-.el7            base            k
  unixODBC-devel           x86_64           2.3.-.el7            base             k

 Transaction Summary
 ========================================================================================
 Upgrade   Packages

 Total download size:  k
 Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
 Downloading packages:
 No Presto metadata available for base
 (/): unixODBC-devel-2.3.-.el7.x86_64.rpm                    |   kB  ::
 (/): unixODBC-2.3.-.el7.x86_64.rpm                          |  kB  ::
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Total                                                      1.0 MB/s |  kB  :
 Running transaction check
 Running transaction test
 Transaction test succeeded
 Running transaction
 Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
   Updating   : unixODBC-2.3.-.el7.x86_64                                         /
   Updating   : unixODBC-devel-2.3.-.el7.x86_64                                   /
   Cleanup    : unixODBC-devel-2.3.-.el7.x86_64                                   /
   Cleanup    : unixODBC-2.3.-.el7.x86_64                                         /
   Verifying  : unixODBC-devel-2.3.-.el7.x86_64                                   /
   Verifying  : unixODBC-2.3.-.el7.x86_64                                         /
   Verifying  : unixODBC-devel-2.3.-.el7.x86_64                                   /
   Verifying  : unixODBC-2.3.-.el7.x86_64                                         /

 Updated:
   unixODBC.x86_64 :2.3.-.el7          unixODBC-devel.x86_64 :2.3.-.el7

 Complete!

保证安装成功

　  03，mysql创建远程用户与远程数据库　　　

mysql> show databases;
+-------------------------+
| Database                |
+-------------------------+
| information_schema      |
| mysql                   |
| #mysql50#mysql-bin-obar |
| performance_schema      |
| sys                     |
+-------------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database test;
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test
Database changed
mysql> create table test ( id int ,name varchar());
Query OK,  rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into test (id,name) values (,'nihao');
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on test.* to 'kingle'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK,  rows affected,  warning (0.00 sec)
连接测试
[root@mysqlre1 ~]# mysql -ukingle -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7.-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

　　04，配置文件配置

　　　　在oracle数据库上配置odbc连接mysql的环境

[oracle@oracle01 hs]$ cat /etc/odbc.ini
[mysql_test]
Description     = ODBC for MySQL
Driver          = /usr/lib64/libmyodbc8w.so
Server          = 192.168.0.187 ---mysql远程地址
Port            =       ----mysql 端口
User            = kingle   ----mysql连接用户
Password        =  ---mysql 连接密码
Database        = test  ---mysql连接数据库

[oracle@oracle01 hs]$ cat /etc/odbcinst.ini
[MySQL]
Description=ODBC for MySQL
Driver=/usr/lib/libmyodbc5.so
Setup=/usr/lib/libodbcmyS.so
Driver64=/usr/lib64/libmyodbc5.so
Setup64=/usr/lib64/libodbcmyS.so
FileUsage=
UsageCount=

　　05，配置连接监听地址

[oracle@oracle01 admin]$ cd  $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
[oracle@oracle01 admin]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./db_1/network/admin
[oracle@oracle01 admin]$ cat listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./db_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = oracle01)
      (SID_NAME = oracle01)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./db_1)
    )
    (SID_DESC =              ##主要添加这一段，前面的默认是oracle的，这一段才是mysql的
      (SID_NAME = mysql_test)  ##给需要链接的mysql配置一个名字，这个后续连接的时候需要用上其他的默认看自己主机情况修改
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./db_1)
      (PROGRAM = dg4odbc)
    )
   )
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.10)(PORT = ))
    )
  )

[oracle@oracle01 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
mysql_test=   ---链接名字
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.10)(PORT = ))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME= mysql_test)   ---连接实例名，与listence那个对应
    )
    (HS = OK)
  )
[oracle@oracle01 admin]$

重启监听

[oracle@oracle01 db_1]$ lsnrctl stop
[oracle@oracle01 db_1]$ lsnrctl start

测试连接

[oracle@oracle01 admin]$ tnsping mysql_test

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4. - Production on -DEC- ::

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:

Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.10)(PORT = ))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME= mysql_test)) (HS = OK))
OK ( msec)

　06，连接测试

　　　　oracle数据库上链接mysql测试

发现成功了，

　　07，配置initdg4odbc.ora

　　进入oracle_home 目录下找到hs\admin目录中initdg4odbc.ora文件并复制一份。然后修改复制文件。把文件名称改为init+刚刚配置数据源名称（本实例为mysql_test）.ora 　　

[oracle@oracle01 admin]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./db_1/hs/admin
[oracle@oracle01 admin]$ cat initmysql_test.ora
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO = mysql_test
HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL = on
HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME = libodbc.so
HS_LANGUAGE = AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8
HS_NLS_NCHAR = UCS2
[oracle@oracle01 admin]$

　　HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL =on 这里最好设置on 网上一般将都是设置为off，为了查看错误日志，最好改为on，日志存在 $ORACLE_HOME/hs/log 下面。
同样这行HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME=libodbc.so 一定不能少，不然后面会报错
ORA-28500: connection from ORACLE to a non-Oracle system returned this message。

　　08，创建dblink

create public database link mysql_test connect to "kingle" identified by "123456" using 'mysql_test'; 

create public database link mysql_test (创建的link名字可以自己写)connect to "kingle"（需要链接mysql的用户名） identified by "123456"（需要连接的密码） using 'mysql_test'（使用的监听，就是tns配置的那个名字）; 

　　　　

连接成功

查看成功