使用面向对象对XML进行解析：dom和dom4j的用法

这是一个比较简单的例子，主要是运用面向对象的思想，对XML文件进行解析，用dom和dom4j方法

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<students>
    <student>
        <name>张三</name>
        <age>20</age>
        <school>北京大学</school>
    </student>
    <student>
        <name>李四</name>
        <age>18</age>
        <school>清华大学</school>
    </student>
</students>

代码如下：

学生对象类

package d20160624;

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private String age;
    private String school;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name, String age, String school) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.school = school;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getSchool() {
        return school;
    }

    public void setSchool(String school) {
        this.school = school;
    }
    //打印学生信息
    public void showInfo(){
        System.out.println("姓名："+this.name+"\n年纪："+this.age+"\n学校："+this.school);
        System.out.println("***********");
    }

}

dom解析：

 package d20160624;

 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;

 import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
 import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
 import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

 import org.w3c.dom.Document;
 import org.w3c.dom.Element;
 import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

 /*
  * 使用DOM解析student.xml，输出打印学生信息
  */
 public class DomParseStudent {
     private Document document;
     private String name,age,school;

     //    生成dom树
     public void getDom(File file){
 //        创建解析器工厂
         DocumentBuilderFactory dbf=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
         try {
 //            创建解析器对象
             DocumentBuilder db=dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
 //            解析XML文件得到DOM树
             this.document=db.parse(file);
         } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         } catch (SAXException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         } catch (IOException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }

     }
 //    解析XML
     public void showEle(){
         DomParseStudent dps=new DomParseStudent();
         NodeList students=document.getElementsByTagName("student");
         for(int i=0;i<students.getLength();i++){
             Element student=(Element) students.item(i);
             NodeList names=student.getElementsByTagName("name");
             for(int j=0;j<names.getLength();j++){
                 Element name=(Element) names.item(j);
                 this.name=name.getTextContent();
             }
             NodeList ages=student.getElementsByTagName("age");
             for(int k=0;k<ages.getLength();k++){
                 Element age=(Element) ages.item(k);
                 this.age=age.getTextContent();
             }
             NodeList schools=student.getElementsByTagName("school");
             for(int p=0;p<schools.getLength();p++){
                 Element school=(Element) schools.item(p);
                 this.school=school.getTextContent();
             }

             Student stu=new Student(name, age, school);
             stu.showInfo();

         }
     }

     public static void main(String[] args){
         DomParseStudent dps=new DomParseStudent();
         File file=new File("D:\\Java_study\\workspace\\myeclipse\\HomeWork\\src\\d20160624\\student.xml");
         dps.getDom(file);
         dps.showEle();
     }
 }

dom4j解析：

 package d20160624;

 import java.io.File;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;

 import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
 import org.dom4j.Document;
 import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
 import org.dom4j.Element;

 /*
  * 使用dom4j解析student.xml，输出打印学生信息
  */
 public class Dom4jStudent {
     private Document document;
     private String name,age,school;
 //    生成dom树
     public void getDom(File file){
 //        创建SAXReader
         SAXReader sax=new SAXReader();
         try {
 //            读取xml文件,生成dom树
             this.document=sax.read(file);
         } catch (DocumentException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }

 //    读取XML文件
     public void showXML(){
         Element root=document.getRootElement();
         List<Element> student=root.elements();
         for(Iterator<Element> stuit=student.iterator();stuit.hasNext();){
             Element stu=stuit.next();
             List<Element> names=stu.elements("name");
             for(Iterator<Element> name=names.iterator();name.hasNext();){
                 Element nameel=name.next();
                 this.name=nameel.getText();
             }
             List<Element> ages=stu.elements("age");
             for(Iterator<Element> age=ages.iterator();age.hasNext();){
                 Element ageel=age.next();
                 this.age=ageel.getText();
             }
             List<Element> schools=stu.elements("school");
             for(Iterator<Element> school=schools.iterator();school.hasNext();){
                 Element schoolel=school.next();
                 this.school=schoolel.getText();
             }
             Student stu1=new Student(name, age, school);
             stu1.showInfo();
         }
     }

     public static void main(String[] args){
         Dom4jStudent d4j=new Dom4jStudent();
         File file=new File("D:\\Java_study\\workspace\\myeclipse\\HomeWork\\src\\d20160624\\student.xml");
         d4j.getDom(file);
         d4j.showXML();
     }
 }

其实2种方式，都可以，都是各种包中类的方法的使用，会灵活运用就可以了！